【摘要】：近幾年來(lái),新一代以電為動(dòng)力的電動(dòng)汽車(chē)(EV)以及混合型動(dòng)力汽車(chē)(HEV)的開(kāi)發(fā)研究較為火熱,這就使得對(duì)于鋰離子電池的能量密度以及安全性能等方面提出了更高、更嚴(yán)格的要求。因此,新一代鋰離子電池的開(kāi)發(fā),特別是對(duì)于電極材料的開(kāi)發(fā)尤為重要。紅磷作為鋰離子電池的負(fù)極材料具有較高的比容量,理論值可達(dá)2596mAh/g,但是由于紅磷電導(dǎo)率低、導(dǎo)電性差,單獨(dú)作為電極材料時(shí),相應(yīng)的電化學(xué)性能較差,通常利用紅磷與其他材料的復(fù)合來(lái)作為鋰離子電池的電極來(lái)研究其電化學(xué)性能。本文利用球磨法分別制備了三個(gè)比例的紅磷與碳化鎢(P/WC)、紅磷與花生殼生物碳(P/PS)復(fù)合材料,并對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行XRD,SEM以及Raman測(cè)試表征。為了研究復(fù)合材料的電化學(xué)性能,將這幾種物質(zhì)作為鋰離子電池的負(fù)極材料,分別進(jìn)行了循環(huán)伏安測(cè)試(CV)、交流阻抗測(cè)試(EIS)和長(zhǎng)時(shí)間充放電循環(huán)測(cè)試。將測(cè)試結(jié)果分析對(duì)比,P/WC復(fù)合材料樣品在7:3的比例下穩(wěn)定性較好,但比容量較低,在0.2A/g的電流密度下充放循環(huán)40周后的比容量為258.43mAh/g;而P/PS樣品隨著復(fù)合材料中PS含量的增加,循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性與充放比容量均有增加,3:7比例樣品在0.2A/g電流密度下充放循環(huán)100周比容量為774.4mAh/g。為了進(jìn)一步提高復(fù)合材料的比容量與循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性,將比例為7:3的紅磷與碳化鎢(P/WC)、紅磷與花生殼生物碳(P/PS)再與石墨(G)進(jìn)行球磨復(fù)合,并進(jìn)行電化學(xué)測(cè)試。將測(cè)試結(jié)果對(duì)比分析,復(fù)合材料中由于石墨的引入,不僅能夠改善負(fù)極活性物質(zhì)材料的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性,而且復(fù)合材料的比容量也有一定的提高。但石墨對(duì)于復(fù)合材料的比容量提高有限,進(jìn)一步增加復(fù)合材料中石墨的含量,鋰離子電池負(fù)極活性物質(zhì)材料的比容量沒(méi)有明顯增加。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development and research of new generation electric vehicle (EV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) are hot, which makes the energy density and safety performance of lithium-ion battery put forward higher and stricter requirements. Therefore, the development of a new generation of lithium ion batteries, especially for the development of electrode materials is particularly important. Red phosphorus as a cathode material for lithium ion batteries has a high specific capacity, and the theoretical value can reach 2596 mAh/ g. However, due to the low conductivity and poor conductivity of red phosphorus, the corresponding electrochemical performance is poor when it is used as electrode material alone. The composite of red phosphorus and other materials is usually used as the electrode of lithium ion battery to study its electrochemical performance. In this paper, three proportions of red phosphorus and tungsten carbide (P/WC), red phosphorus and peanut shell biological carbon (P/PS) composites were prepared by ball milling method. In order to study the electrochemical properties of the composite, these materials were used as anode materials for lithium ion batteries. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) (CV), impedance measurement (CV),) and long time charge / discharge cycle (EIS) tests were carried out respectively. Compared with the test results, the samples of P- / WC composites were stable at 7:3, but their specific capacity was lower. The specific capacity of P- / WC composites was 258.43 mAh-g after 40 weeks of charge and release cycle at the current density of 0.2A/g, while the P/PS sample increased with the increase of PS content in the composites. The cycle stability and the charge / discharge capacity of the sample were increased by 3: 7 at 0.2A/g current density. The specific capacity of the 100 week cycle was 774.4 mg 路h / g. In order to further improve the specific capacity and cyclic stability of the composites, red phosphorus and tungsten carbide (P/WC) at 7:3, red phosphorus and peanut shell biological carbon (P/PS) were milled with graphite (G), and electrochemical tests were carried out. By comparing the test results, it is found that the introduction of graphite can not only improve the cyclic stability of the negative active material, but also improve the specific capacity of the composite. However, the specific capacity of graphite to the composite is limited, and the content of graphite in the composite is further increased, and the specific capacity of the anode active material of lithium ion battery is not obviously increased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM912;TB33

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