【摘要】：進(jìn)入新世紀(jì)以來,新材料的開發(fā)及加工技術(shù)變得越來越重要。復(fù)合材料自問世以來,由于它優(yōu)越的綜合性能,已經(jīng)廣泛的應(yīng)用于汽車工業(yè)、航天航空裝備等方方面面的領(lǐng)域,成為評價(jià)國家和地區(qū)科技實(shí)力的重要的參考因素之一。激光加工技術(shù)作為新技術(shù)的代表,如果把其成功應(yīng)用于復(fù)合材料的制備必將對復(fù)合材料的研發(fā)產(chǎn)生十分重要的影響。本文研究的主要內(nèi)容包含以下兩方面：(1)利用激光透射焊接制備碳纖維增強(qiáng)聚碳酸酯基復(fù)合材料是一種全新的制備方法,而且這種制備方法所需的設(shè)備在目前的市場上是沒有的,所以需要通過自研開發(fā),為了完成激光透射焊接制備碳纖維復(fù)合材料,本實(shí)驗(yàn)需要開發(fā)出滿足制備要求的新型成套設(shè)備(2)激光透射塑料焊接中常用的吸收劑為碳顆粒,碳纖維的激光吸收特性與碳顆粒的激光吸收特性相同,由于碳纖維的比模量／比強(qiáng)度高等優(yōu)良性質(zhì)常常被應(yīng)用于復(fù)合材料的制備,所以本實(shí)驗(yàn)以碳纖維布代替碳顆粒作為吸收劑,利用自研氣流壓緊激光掃描焊接成套設(shè)備,把碳纖維和熱塑性樹脂以氣流壓緊激光掃描加工的方法,制備碳纖維增強(qiáng)樹脂基復(fù)合材料。激光透射掃描加工制備試樣的過程,是碳纖維吸收激光并迅速將光轉(zhuǎn)化為熱,把浸在其上的聚碳酸酯(PC)預(yù)浸料和PC板重熔,使PC預(yù)浸料將碳纖維二維布填充,并且使PC板與預(yù)浸料聯(lián)接為一個(gè)整體的過程,驗(yàn)證了激光透射掃描制備復(fù)合材料的可行性。(3)聚碳酸酯薄膜和碳纖維預(yù)浸布通過自研氣流壓緊激光掃描設(shè)備制備的復(fù)合材料碳纖維增強(qiáng)相含量低,抗拉強(qiáng)度差,層間集合強(qiáng)度也不夠理想,為了進(jìn)一步增加激光加工在復(fù)合材料制備過程中的可應(yīng)用性,設(shè)計(jì)了把激光加工技術(shù)與手糊制備復(fù)合材料相結(jié)合的實(shí)驗(yàn),采用先手糊成型后激光透射掃描處理的方法,結(jié)合了傳統(tǒng)的手糊成型技術(shù)及激光透射掃描技術(shù)。通過不同樹脂液濃度和加工方法的對比實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果可以看出,在較高樹脂濃度的制備條件中,手糊成型加激光掃描技術(shù)與手糊成型制備的試樣抗彎強(qiáng)度值提高將近一倍。通過激光掃描后,已經(jīng)固結(jié)在復(fù)合材料間的聚碳酸酯會(huì)重新熔化,并浸潤到增強(qiáng)相纖維束內(nèi)并填滿各處空隙,這樣不僅排出了基質(zhì)內(nèi)溶劑揮發(fā)留下的微小氣孔,同時(shí)增加了樹脂與碳纖維的結(jié)合強(qiáng)度,當(dāng)碳纖維束與層間的聚碳酸酯含量足夠,會(huì)明顯提高復(fù)合材料的性能。
[Abstract]:Since entering the new century, the development and processing technology of new materials has become more and more important. Since its appearance, composite materials have been widely used in automotive industry, aerospace equipment and other fields, because of its superior comprehensive properties, and has become one of the important reference factors to evaluate the scientific and technological strength of countries and regions. Laser processing technology as a representative of new technology, if it is successfully used in the preparation of composite materials will have a very important impact on the research and development of composite materials. The main contents of this paper include the following two aspects: (1) Fabrication of carbon fiber reinforced polycarbonate matrix composites by laser transmission welding is a new preparation method. Moreover, the equipment required for this preparation method is not available in the current market, so we need to develop ourselves to prepare carbon fiber composites through laser transmission welding. This experiment needs to develop a new complete set of equipment to meet the requirements of preparation. (2) the commonly used absorbent in laser transmission plastic welding is carbon particles. The laser absorption characteristics of carbon fiber are the same as those of carbon particles. Because the excellent properties of carbon fiber such as high specific modulus / specific strength are often used in the preparation of composite materials, carbon fiber cloth is used as absorbent instead of carbon particles in this experiment, and a complete set of equipment for laser scanning welding by self-developed airflow compaction is used. Carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites were prepared by air compression laser scanning processing of carbon fiber and thermoplastic resin. The process of preparing sample by laser transmission scanning is that carbon fiber absorbs laser and converts light into heat quickly, remelting polycarbonate (PC) prepreg and PC board, making PC prepreg fill two dimensional carbon fiber cloth. And make the PC board and prepreg to be a whole process, The feasibility of preparing composite materials by laser transmission scanning was verified. (3) the carbon fiber reinforced phase and tensile strength of the composites prepared by self-developed air-compaction laser scanning equipment were low, and the tensile strength was poor. The interlaminar aggregate strength is not ideal. In order to further increase the applicability of laser processing in the preparation of composite materials, the experiment of combining laser processing technology with hand paste preparation of composite materials is designed. The method of laser transmission scanning after hand paste molding was adopted, and the traditional hand paste molding technology and laser transmission scanning technology were combined. By comparing the different resin concentration and processing methods, it can be seen that the bending strength of the samples prepared by hand paste molding plus laser scanning and hand paste molding is nearly doubled under the conditions of higher resin concentration. After laser scanning, the polycarbonate, which has been consolidated between the composites, will melt again, infiltrate into the reinforced fiber bundles and fill in the voids, thus not only expelling the tiny pores left by solvent volatilization in the matrix, At the same time, the bonding strength of the resin and carbon fiber is increased. When the content of polycarbonate between the carbon fiber bundle and the interlayer is sufficient, the properties of the composite will be improved obviously.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ327.3;TB332

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本文編號：2133152