【摘要】：選擇性激光燒結(jié)(Selective Laser Sintering,SLS)是一種通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)軟件將零件進(jìn)行分層處理,再利用激光將每一層截面燒結(jié)成形,最終層層疊加得到三維實(shí)體零件的非常重要的快速成形技術(shù)。而聚苯乙烯(PS)作為被廣泛應(yīng)用于SLS領(lǐng)域的聚合物材料也具有很大的研究?jī)r(jià)值。本文以尼龍12(PA12)和多壁碳納米管(MWCNTs)作為有機(jī)填料加入到PS基體材料中,制備得到PS/PA12,PS/MWCNTs兩種復(fù)合粉末。然后以這兩種PS復(fù)合粉末為研究對(duì)象,研究了燒結(jié)工藝參數(shù)對(duì)PS/PA12復(fù)合材料燒結(jié)成形的影響;并將PS/PA12復(fù)合材料與純PS燒結(jié)成形件的性能及精度進(jìn)行了對(duì)比;分析了PS/PA12復(fù)合材料在燒結(jié)過(guò)程中次燒結(jié)區(qū)形成的原因。同時(shí),制備了PS/MWCNTs復(fù)合材料燒結(jié)成形件;分析了MWCNTs的加入對(duì)于復(fù)合材料激光燒結(jié)的影響。目前在SLS領(lǐng)域,對(duì)于碳納米管增強(qiáng)聚合物材料的研究較少,本文的研究工作填補(bǔ)了這項(xiàng)領(lǐng)域的一處空白,具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文通過(guò)機(jī)械共混法制備了兩組成分不同的PS/PA12復(fù)合粉末,并進(jìn)行選擇性激光燒結(jié)得到成形件,研究了PS/PA12復(fù)合粉末的成分對(duì)于成形件力學(xué)性能、尺寸精度以及斷口形貌的影響。結(jié)果表明:由于PA12與PS極性相差較大,在燒結(jié)過(guò)程中易導(dǎo)致次燒結(jié)區(qū)的產(chǎn)生。而且,PA12作為晶態(tài)聚合物,燒結(jié)過(guò)程中會(huì)結(jié)晶,對(duì)成形件的尺寸精度造成很大影響,使得PS/PA12復(fù)合粉末成形件的尺寸精度比純PS成形件要低。但PS/PA12復(fù)合粉末相比純PS粉末燒結(jié)成形件,其力學(xué)性能得到了增強(qiáng)。本文通過(guò)機(jī)械共混法制備了聚苯乙烯(PS)/多壁碳納米管(MWCNTs)復(fù)合材料并用于選擇性激光燒結(jié)(SLS)成形。并在接下來(lái)的傅里葉變換紅外光譜(FTIR)、拉曼光譜(Raman spectroscopy)、X射線衍射分析(XRD)和力學(xué)性能測(cè)試對(duì)復(fù)合材料的結(jié)構(gòu)與力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行了分析。研究了PS/MWCNTs復(fù)合材料及PS燒結(jié)成形件的力學(xué)性能、尺寸精度及斷口微觀形貌。結(jié)果表明:PS/MWCNTs復(fù)合材料成形件的拉伸強(qiáng)度及斷裂延伸率分別較PS燒結(jié)成形件提高了32.6%和7.7%。且PS/MWCNTs復(fù)合材料成形件的各方向尺寸精度對(duì)比純PS燒結(jié)成形件也均有提高。這說(shuō)明,采用碳納米管增強(qiáng)聚合物材料在SLS應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域具有極大的發(fā)展前景。
[Abstract]:Selective Laser SinteringSintering (SLS) is a very important rapid prototyping technique, which layers parts are processed by computer software, then sintered to form each layer by laser, and finally superimposed layer by layer to get 3D solid parts. Polystyrene (PS) as a polymer material widely used in SLS also has great research value. In this paper, polyamide 12 (PA12) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as organic fillers to prepare PS / PA12 / MWCNTs composite powders. Then the effects of sintering process parameters on the sintering forming of PS- / PA12 composites were studied, and the properties and accuracy of PS- / PA12 composites and pure PS sintered parts were compared. The formation of secondary sintering zone of PS- PA12 composites during sintering was analyzed. At the same time, PS / MWCNTs composite sintered forming parts were prepared, and the influence of MWCNTs on laser sintering of composites was analyzed. At present, there are few researches on carbon nanotube reinforced polymer materials in the field of SLS. The research work in this paper has filled a gap in this field and has certain practical significance. In this paper, two groups of PS- / PA12 composite powders with different compositions were prepared by mechanical blending method. The effects of the composition of PS- / PA12 composite powders on the mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and fracture morphology of the formed parts were studied by selective laser sintering. The results show that the polarity of PA12 is different from that of PS, and the secondary sintering zone is easy to be produced in the sintering process. As a crystalline polymer, PA12 crystallizes in the sintering process, which has a great influence on the dimensional accuracy of the formed parts, which makes the dimensional accuracy of the PS- / PA12 composite powder forming parts lower than that of the pure PS forming parts. However, the mechanical properties of PS / PA12 composite powder were enhanced compared with pure PS powder. Polystyrene (PS) / multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were prepared by mechanical blending method and used in selective laser sintering (SLS) forming. The structure and mechanical properties of the composites were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy (spectroscopy) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and fracture morphology of PS / MWCNTs composites and PS sintered forming parts were studied. The results show that the tensile strength and elongation at break of the WPS / MWCNTs composite are increased by 32.6% and 7.7% respectively compared with the PS sintered parts. The dimension accuracy of PS/ MWCNTs composites is also improved compared with that of pure PS sintered parts. This shows that carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-reinforced polymer materials have great development prospects in SLS applications.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ325.2;TB332

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