本文選題：納米材料 + 溶液化學(xué)法��； 參考：《沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：納米氧化鋅作為一種高性能半導(dǎo)體材料由于其具有獨(dú)特的小尺寸效應(yīng)、表面效應(yīng)、量子尺寸效應(yīng)、宏觀量子隧道效應(yīng)和介電限域效應(yīng)，因此在抗菌材料、發(fā)光材料、壓電材料、紫外線屏蔽材料、自清潔材料、細(xì)胞標(biāo)定材料及納米催化劑等領(lǐng)域有著十分廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。 氧化鋅納米粒子所具有的特性與其自身的物理特征有較為緊密的關(guān)系。如何選擇合適的表面修飾劑，通過(guò)溶液化學(xué)方法制備尺寸和形貌可控的納米氧化鋅材料，同時(shí)滿足制備過(guò)程的環(huán)境友好和低成本化，是目前納米氧化鋅材料研究的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題之一。本文通過(guò)調(diào)控表面修飾劑種類(lèi)、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)體系含水量及表面修飾用量等制備條件，得到具有不同特性的氧化鋅納米材料，并對(duì)其應(yīng)用進(jìn)行初步探究。 采用溶液化學(xué)法，以乙酸鋅水溶液為前驅(qū)物，分別以羥基化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（SBS-OH）、苯乙烯-馬來(lái)酸酐共聚物（PSMA）和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）為表面修飾劑，N,N-二甲基甲酰胺為溶劑；聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）表面修飾劑，乙醇為溶劑，制得具有不同發(fā)光特性的氧化鋅納米粒子。通過(guò)紫外-可見(jiàn)吸收光譜（UV-Vis）、熒光光譜（FL）和透射電子顯微鏡（TEM）等方法對(duì)所得到的氧化鋅納米粒子樣品進(jìn)行表征。結(jié)果表明，所合成樣品均表現(xiàn)出明顯的量子尺寸效應(yīng)，且具有較好的光學(xué)性質(zhì)。 以油酸鈉為表面修飾劑，乙酸鋅水溶液為前驅(qū)物，乙醇為溶劑，通過(guò)調(diào)控表面修飾劑油酸鈉與前驅(qū)物乙酸鋅摩爾比得到不同尺寸的氧化鋅納米粒子。在一定條件下將氧化鋅納米粒子進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步煅燒，可制得氧化鋅納米線。通過(guò)加入另一種前驅(qū)體硝酸銀，制備氧化鋅/銀復(fù)合納米粒子。通過(guò)紫外-可見(jiàn)吸收光譜（UV-Vis）、熒光光譜（FL）、廣角X-射線衍射（WAXD）和掃描電子顯微鏡（SEM）等方法對(duì)氧化鋅納米材料進(jìn)行表征。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，反應(yīng)體系中乙醇溶劑可循環(huán)利用且不影響制備過(guò)程，實(shí)現(xiàn)了制備過(guò)程的低成本化和環(huán)境友好。以對(duì)苯二甲酸和乙二醇為原料，采用“原位聚合”的工藝路線，在3L熔融縮聚反應(yīng)釜中，，制備得到了聚對(duì)苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）/納米氧化鋅復(fù)合材料，差示掃描量熱儀（DSC）測(cè)試結(jié)果表明納米氧化鋅可以提高PET的結(jié)晶能力。
[Abstract]:Nanocrystalline zinc oxide is a high performance semiconductor material due to its unique small size effect, surface effect, quantum size effect, macroscopic quantum tunneling effect and dielectric limiting effect, therefore in antibacterial materials, luminescent materials, piezoelectric materials, Ultraviolet shielding materials, self-cleaning materials, cell calibration materials and nanometer catalysts have a wide range of applications. The properties of ZnO nanoparticles are closely related to their physical properties. How to select suitable surface modifier and prepare nano-ZnO materials with controllable size and morphology by solution chemical method, and satisfy the environmental friendly and low-cost preparation process. It is one of the hot issues in the research of nanometer ZnO materials. In this paper, ZnO nanomaterials with different properties were obtained by adjusting the preparation conditions of surface modifiers, reaction time, reaction temperature, water content of reaction system and surface modification amount. By solution chemistry, zinc acetate aqueous solution was used as precursor. Hydroxylated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS-OH), styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (PSMA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were used as surface modifiers, respectively. Zinc oxide nanoparticles with different luminescence properties were prepared by using ethanol as solvent. The ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis fluorescence spectroscopy (FL) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the synthesized samples exhibit obvious quantum size effect and good optical properties. Using sodium oleate as surface modifier, zinc acetate aqueous solution as precursor and ethanol as solvent, different sizes of zinc oxide nanoparticles were obtained by adjusting the molar ratio of sodium oleate to zinc acetate. Zinc oxide nanowires can be prepared by further calcination of ZnO nanoparticles under certain conditions. Zinc oxide / silver composite nanoparticles were prepared by adding another precursor silver nitrate. ZnO nanomaterials were characterized by UV-Vis, FL, WAXD and SEM. It is found that ethanol solvent in the reaction system can be recycled and does not affect the preparation process, which can achieve low cost and environmental friendliness. Poly (ethylene terephthalate) / nano-zinc oxide composites were prepared by in-situ polymerization of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol in a 3L melt Polycondensation reactor. The results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) show that nano-ZnO can improve the crystallization ability of PET.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB383.1;O614.241

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 姚超,吳鳳芹,林西平,汪信;納米技術(shù)與納米材料(Ⅵ)——納米氧化鋅在防曬化妝品中的應(yīng)用[J];日用化學(xué)工業(yè);2003年06期

2 陳延明;左孝為;李三喜;;SBS-OH模板制備CdS納米粒子及表征[J];材料導(dǎo)報(bào);2010年16期

3 劉福春,韓恩厚,柯偉;抗紫外納米TiO_2/ZnO復(fù)合丙烯酸酯涂料[J];材料研究學(xué)報(bào);2003年02期

4 宋軍,王寶輝,汪麗;聚丙烯/蒙脫土納米復(fù)合材料的非等溫結(jié)晶性能[J];大慶石油學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2005年05期

5 賀江平;黎華明;王霞瑜;趙才賢;高勇;;PET/SiO_2納米復(fù)合材料的非等溫結(jié)晶動(dòng)力學(xué)[J];高分子材料科學(xué)與工程;2009年01期

6 陳延明;司春雷;李鳳紅;;羥基化SBS模板合成金納米粒子及表征[J];高分子材料科學(xué)與工程;2009年07期

7 陳延明;左孝為;李三喜;;嵌段聚合物模板合成CdSe納米粒子及表征[J];高分子材料科學(xué)與工程;2011年02期

8 陳延明;樊曉輝;司春雷;;苯乙烯-馬來(lái)酸酐共聚物/金納米微粒的合成[J];高分子材料科學(xué)與工程;2009年02期

9 張振飛;劉海瑞;張華;劉旭光;賈虎生;許并社;;ZnO/Ag微米球的合成與光催化性能[J];高等學(xué)�；瘜W(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2013年12期

10 盧飛;陳雨寧;劉娜;曹瑩澤;馮琳;;一種可用于光降解的納米氧化鋅油水分離網(wǎng)[J];高等學(xué)�；瘜W(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2014年02期

本文編號(hào)：2115810