本文選題：沙柳纖維 + 廢紙纖維　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：植物纖維超輕質(zhì)材料是一種利用液體機(jī)械發(fā)泡和無機(jī)化學(xué)發(fā)泡制備的超低密度植物纖維材料,其密度低(0.01g/cm3～0.09g/cm3)、阻燃性好(阻燃等級(jí)可達(dá)到國家B1級(jí)難燃標(biāo)準(zhǔn))、保溫性能優(yōu)異(導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)為0.025W/(m·k)-0.037W/(m·k))和吸音降噪性能強(qiáng)(吸音降噪系數(shù)為0.62-0.74),可用于緩沖包裝材料和建筑保溫材料的生產(chǎn)。本文在分析沙柳的纖維結(jié)構(gòu)和化學(xué)成分的基礎(chǔ)上,將沙柳應(yīng)用于廢紙纖維基輕質(zhì)材料的性能增強(qiáng)試驗(yàn),又針對(duì)植物纖維超輕質(zhì)材料發(fā)泡質(zhì)量不好控制、物理力學(xué)性能較差、阻燃性低等問題,對(duì)廢紙纖維處理、沙柳纖維與廢紙纖維的質(zhì)量配比、膠黏劑改性、發(fā)泡工藝以及水玻璃凝膠用量等進(jìn)行了研究。研究結(jié)果表明：(1)沙柳纖維參入量為原料纖維總質(zhì)量的40%時(shí),材料結(jié)構(gòu)和性能較優(yōu)。此時(shí),材料的密度為17.72 kg·m-3,壓縮應(yīng)力為21.46KPa,靜態(tài)壓縮殘余應(yīng)變?yōu)?3%,氧指數(shù)為22.8%。(2)對(duì)廢紙纖維進(jìn)行堿化處理和硼酸溶液浸泡處理,不僅改善了廢紙纖維的自身缺陷,而且提高了它的活性,使之更容易與膠黏劑、阻燃劑等化學(xué)基團(tuán)結(jié)合,從而提高了材料的阻燃性能。以未經(jīng)過任何處理的混合纖維為原料制備的超輕質(zhì)材料的氧指數(shù)為20.1%,以只經(jīng)過堿化處理的混合纖維為原料制備的超輕質(zhì)材料的氧指數(shù)為25.4%,以經(jīng)過堿化處理和硼酸溶液浸泡處理的混合纖維為原料制備的超輕質(zhì)材料的氧指數(shù)為31.3%。(3)對(duì)淀粉膠黏劑用PVA.PH為7的硼酸-硼砂緩沖溶液進(jìn)行改性,改性后的混合膠黏劑不僅提高了粘度,也提高了膠黏劑的交聯(lián)性。使用改性后的膠黏劑制備超輕質(zhì)材料使材料的抗壓緩沖性能和阻燃性能得到增強(qiáng),使用淀粉膠黏劑的超輕質(zhì)材料的壓縮應(yīng)力為9.77KPa、氧指數(shù)為20.1%,使用淀粉/PVA混合膠黏劑的超輕質(zhì)材料的壓縮應(yīng)力為39.8KPa、氧指數(shù)為25.6%,使用硼酸-硼砂改性淀粉/PVA混合膠黏劑的超輕質(zhì)材料的壓縮應(yīng)力為81.37KPa、氧指數(shù)為32.3%。(4)超輕質(zhì)材料的較優(yōu)發(fā)泡工藝是起泡劑CH3(CH2)10CH2S03的用量為絕干混合纖維質(zhì)量的6%、NaHCO3的用量為絕干混合纖維質(zhì)量的2%、NH4HC03的用量為絕干混合纖維質(zhì)量的4%、機(jī)械發(fā)泡轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)為15000轉(zhuǎn)。(5)隨著水玻璃凝膠用量從0增加到100%,沙柳廢紙混合纖維超輕質(zhì)材料的密度增大了83.06%、壓縮應(yīng)力增大了7.5倍、氧指數(shù)增大了11.8%。
[Abstract]:Plant fiber ultra-light material is a kind of ultra-low density plant fiber material which is prepared by liquid mechanical foaming and inorganic chemical foaming. It has low density (0.01g/cm3~0.09g/cm3), good flame retardancy (flame-retardant grade can meet the national b1-class refractory standard), excellent thermal conductivity (0.025W / (m k) -0.037W / (m k) and strong sound absorption and noise reduction (sound-absorbing noise reduction coefficient 0.62-0.74). It can be used for cushioning packaging materials and buildings. The production of insulating materials. On the basis of analyzing the fiber structure and chemical composition of Salix, this paper applied Salix to the performance enhancement test of waste paper fiber based light material, and aimed at the poor foaming quality and poor physical and mechanical properties of plant fiber super light material. The treatment of waste paper fiber, the mass ratio of Salix fiber and waste paper fiber, the modification of adhesive, the foaming process and the dosage of sodium silicate gel were studied. The results showed that: (1) the structure and properties of the materials were better when the total fiber mass was 40%. At this time, the density of the material is 17.72 kg m ~ (-3), the compression stress is 21.46 KPA, the static compressive residual strain is 63 and the oxygen index is 22.8.The (2) Alkalization of waste paper fiber and soaking in boric acid solution can not only improve the defect of waste paper fiber. Moreover, its activity is improved, and it is easier to bind with chemical groups such as adhesives and flame retardants, thus improving the flame retardancy of the materials. The oxygen index of ultra-light materials prepared from raw materials without any treatment is 20.1. the oxygen index of ultra-light materials prepared from alkalized mixed fibers is 25.4g, and that of ultra-light materials prepared by alkalization and boric acid is 25.4. The oxygen index of ultra-light materials prepared by soaking the mixed fibers in solution was 31.30.3.The starch adhesive was modified with boric acid-borax buffer solution with PVA.PH of 7. The modified adhesive not only increases the viscosity, but also improves the crosslinking property of the adhesive. The use of modified adhesives to prepare ultra-light materials enhances the compressive buffering and flame retardancy of the materials. The compression stress and oxygen index of ultra-light material using starch adhesive were 9.77 KPA and 20.1kg. the compression stress of ultra-light material using starch / PVA blend adhesive was 39.8 KPA, the oxygen index was 25.6 and boric acid-borax was used to modify starch / PVA blend adhesive. The compression stress of super light material is 81.37 KPA, and the oxygen index is 32.30.The optimum foaming process is that the amount of foaming agent CH3 (CH2) 10CH2S03 is 6% NaHCO3 of absolute dry mixed fiber mass, and the dosage of 2NH4HC03 of absolute dry mixed fiber mass is absolute dry blending technology. (4) the optimum foaming process of ultra-light material is that the amount of foaming agent CH3 (CH2) 10CH2S03 is 6% of the weight of absolute dry mixed fiber, and the dosage of NaHCO3 is 2NH4HC03. (5) with the increase of the amount of sodium silicate gel from 0 to 100, the density of the super light material of the mixed fiber of Salix waste paper increased by 83.06 and the compression stress increased by 7.5-fold. The oxygen index increased by 11. 8%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB332

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本文編號(hào)：2086906