本文選題：芳綸 + 經(jīng)角度聯(lián)鎖�。� 參考：《武漢紡織大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：三維織物是一種設(shè)計(jì)多樣化、結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜的立體織物。三維織物復(fù)合材料由于其厚度方向有增強(qiáng)纖維,因此其層間結(jié)合力較好。角度聯(lián)鎖織物復(fù)合材料是其中應(yīng)用較為廣泛的一種,可用在防彈衣,航空航天等領(lǐng)域。這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以在普通織機(jī)上進(jìn)行織造,在靈活改變織物結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)現(xiàn)多種力學(xué)性能的需要,因此有很大的發(fā)展前景。而復(fù)合材料中使用的環(huán)氧樹脂表現(xiàn)出韌性差、不耐沖擊等性能缺陷,使得應(yīng)用遭到一定的限制,所以對其通過改性來進(jìn)行增韌是必要的,這也是擴(kuò)展三維織物復(fù)合材料應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的一種方法。本文采用了1500D芳綸無捻長絲在半自動(dòng)小樣機(jī)上織造了十二層的經(jīng)角度聯(lián)鎖織物作為復(fù)合材料的增強(qiáng)材料。同時(shí)使用納米二氧化硅對環(huán)氧樹脂進(jìn)行改性處理,利用紅外光譜分析儀對環(huán)氧樹脂改性前后的結(jié)構(gòu)和機(jī)理進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析。研究得出,加入納米二氧化硅后,納米二氧化硅和環(huán)氧樹脂發(fā)生了化學(xué)反應(yīng),生成了硅氧碳(Si-O-C)鍵使得環(huán)氧樹脂的韌性增加。最后利用手糊成型加工方法制備三維角聯(lián)鎖織物納米復(fù)合材料板。按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將復(fù)合成型的板材裁剪成需要的尺寸,通過對試樣進(jìn)行拉伸、沖擊、彎曲性能測試,對力學(xué)性能測試后的結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,并觀察其斷口形貌分析纖維斷裂狀態(tài)。結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)納米二氧化硅質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為3%時(shí),材料的拉伸強(qiáng)度、彈性模量均提高了10.5%;沖擊強(qiáng)度提高了56.8%;彎曲強(qiáng)度和彎曲彈性模量分別提高了27.3%和45.4%,這說明二氧化硅對環(huán)氧樹脂有增韌作用。如果提高納米二氧化硅的濃度,復(fù)合材料的各項(xiàng)性能指標(biāo)會(huì)出現(xiàn)下降趨勢。這一現(xiàn)象說明了納米二氧化硅的濃度并不是越大越好,如果濃度過大,納米二氧化硅在環(huán)氧樹脂中分散困難,形成應(yīng)力集中點(diǎn),反而導(dǎo)致力學(xué)性能下降,因此需要找到一個(gè)合適的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)以獲得最佳增強(qiáng)效果。
[Abstract]:Three-dimensional fabric is a kind of three-dimensional fabric with diversified design and complicated structure. The interlaminar adhesion of 3D fabric composites is better because of its reinforced fibers in the thickness direction. Angle-interlocking fabric composite is one of the most widely used materials, which can be used in the fields of bulletproof vest, aerospace and so on. This kind of structure can be woven on ordinary looms and can meet the needs of various mechanical properties on the basis of flexible change of fabric structure, so it has a great prospect of development. The epoxy resin used in the composite shows poor toughness, poor impact resistance and other performance defects, so its application is limited, so it is necessary to toughen it through modification. This is also a method to expand the application of three-dimensional fabric composites. In this paper, twelve layers of angled interlocking fabrics were woven by 1500D aramid filament on a semi-automatic sample machine as reinforcement materials for composite materials. At the same time, nano-silica was used to modify epoxy resin, and the structure and mechanism of epoxy resin before and after modification were analyzed by infrared spectrum analyzer. The results show that the chemical reaction between nano-silica and epoxy resin takes place after the addition of nano-silica, which results in the formation of Si-O-C bond, which increases the toughness of epoxy resin. Finally, three-dimensional angle-interlocking fabric nanocomposites were fabricated by hand paste molding. According to the standard, the composite sheet was cut to the required size. The tensile, impact and bending properties of the specimen were tested. The results of the mechanical properties were analyzed, and the fracture morphology of the composite sheet was observed to analyze the fracture state of the fiber. The results show that when the mass fraction of nano-silica is 3, the tensile strength of the material, The elastic modulus increased by 10.5%, the impact strength increased by 56.8%, the flexural strength and flexural modulus increased by 27.3% and 45.4% respectively, which indicated that silica had toughening effect on epoxy resin. If the concentration of nano silica is increased, the properties of the composite will decrease. This phenomenon shows that the concentration of nano-silica is not the greater the better. If the concentration of nano-silica is too large, it is difficult to disperse nano-silica in epoxy resin, forming stress concentration point, which leads to the decline of mechanical properties. Therefore, it is necessary to find a suitable mass fraction to obtain the best enhancement effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢紡織大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TS106;TB33

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