本文選題：聚丙烯 + 阻燃性　； 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：在聚丙烯(Polypropylene,簡(jiǎn)稱PP)中添加阻燃劑和其他改性劑制備復(fù)合材料是擴(kuò)展其使用功能和適用環(huán)境的重要方法。本文針對(duì)聚丙烯復(fù)合材料難于兼具高阻燃性能與高力學(xué)性能的矛盾,采用兩種阻燃劑與埃洛石納米管(HNTs)復(fù)配,制備了系列PP復(fù)合材料,進(jìn)行了阻燃改性和增強(qiáng)增韌改性研究,所制備復(fù)合材料具有優(yōu)良的阻燃和力學(xué)性能。采用雙螺桿擠出機(jī)組通過(guò)熔融共混的方法制備了不同的PP阻燃復(fù)合材料,并進(jìn)行了極限氧指數(shù)、垂直燃燒性能、宏觀力學(xué)性能測(cè)試和界面性能表征,研究了沖擊斷面和燃燒后的試樣內(nèi)外表面形貌,確定了研究維度內(nèi)的較優(yōu)配方,并對(duì)材料制備工藝做了簡(jiǎn)要探討。本論文主要成果為:1、采用四種環(huán)保的阻燃體系對(duì)聚丙烯材料進(jìn)行阻燃改性。結(jié)果表明,阻燃劑028A單獨(dú)使用對(duì)聚丙烯材料具有良好的阻燃效果,但對(duì)材料的力學(xué)性能有相對(duì)較大的不良影響;阻燃劑510單獨(dú)使用對(duì)于材料的力學(xué)性能有較好的保持效果,但其阻燃性能欠佳。當(dāng)使用復(fù)配阻燃劑028A與510(30%,比例為2:1)時(shí),聚丙烯復(fù)合材料在具有良好阻燃性的同時(shí)能夠保持較好的力學(xué)性能,其極限氧指數(shù)可以達(dá)到31.5%。2、在聚丙烯復(fù)合材料中加入少量HNTs可以使復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能得到較大的改善。在本實(shí)驗(yàn)中,加入2%的改性HNTs,復(fù)合材料的抗沖擊韌性較不添加HNTs之前提高了40.2%,拉伸強(qiáng)度提高了63.3%,彎曲強(qiáng)度提高了84.9%。加入少量的改性HNTs在提高了基體的力學(xué)性能的同時(shí)還小幅度提高了材料的阻燃性能,加入2%的改性HNTs,復(fù)合材料的氧指數(shù)較未添加之前提高了1.9%,達(dá)到32.1%。3、在聚丙烯復(fù)合材料中加入POE可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)材料的增韌,但是材料的極限氧指數(shù)迅速降低;4、復(fù)合材料在加工過(guò)程中溫度不宜超過(guò)200℃,各區(qū)段以190℃為宜,避免造成阻燃劑分解。
[Abstract]:Adding flame retardant and other modifiers to PP / PP composites is an important method to expand its function and suitable environment. In view of the contradiction between high flame retardancy and high mechanical properties of polypropylene composites, a series of PP composites were prepared by using two kinds of flame retardants and HNTs, and the flame retardant modification and toughening modification were carried out. The composites have excellent flame retardancy and mechanical properties. Different PP flame retardant composites were prepared by melt blending in twin-screw extruder group. The limiting oxygen index, vertical combustion performance, macroscopic mechanical properties and interface properties were measured and characterized. The internal and external surface morphology of the impact section and the sample after combustion were studied, the optimum formulation in the dimension of the study was determined, and the preparation process of the material was briefly discussed. The main achievement of this paper is 1: 1. Four kinds of environmental-friendly flame-retardant systems are used to modify polypropylene materials. The results showed that flame retardant 028A alone had a good flame retardant effect on polypropylene material, but had a relatively large adverse effect on the mechanical properties of the material, and flame retardant 510 alone had a better retention effect on the mechanical properties of the material. But its flame retardancy is not good. When the composite flame retardant 028A was used with the ratio of 2: 1, the polypropylene composite could maintain good mechanical properties while having good flame retardancy. The limit oxygen index can reach 31.5 and 0.2. The mechanical properties of the composites can be improved greatly by adding a small amount of HNTs to polypropylene composites. In this experiment, the impact toughness, tensile strength and flexural strength of the composites increased by 40.2%, 63.3% and 84.9% respectively. The addition of a small amount of modified HNTs not only improved the mechanical properties of the matrix, but also improved the flame retardancy of the materials by a small margin. When 2% of modified HNTs was added, the oxygen index of the composites increased by 1.9%, and reached 32.1%. Poe was added to the polypropylene composites to improve the toughness of the composites. However, the limiting oxygen index of the material decreases rapidly by 4, and the temperature of the composite material should not exceed 200 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2046570