本文選題：錳方硼石 + 鎢系納米材料��； 參考：《北京科技大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：中國是目前世界上唯一擁有錳方硼石礦床的國家,至今學(xué)者僅對其化學(xué)成分和礦物的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)有初步研究,材料學(xué)方面的研究幾乎空白,本文首次對天然錳方硼石和合成的納米錳方硼石的發(fā)光性能,中子輻照性能,伽馬射線輻照性能,抗腫瘤和滅菌性能,電磁性能,摩擦磨損性能等性能,結(jié)合其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了研究。將天然錳方硼石與合成錳納米方硼石進(jìn)行了性能的對比,為錳方硼石的合理開發(fā)和利用提供依據(jù)。 通過XRD及EMS等軟件對合成納米錳方硼石和天然錳方硼石的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了模擬,錳方硼石其結(jié)構(gòu)和尖晶石結(jié)構(gòu)類似,晶體中存在大量的四面體和八面體格位,Mn2+占據(jù)這兩個格位在藍(lán)光(450nm-490nm)的激發(fā)下發(fā)出綠光(500nm-540nm)和紅光(670nm-730nm)。錳方硼石這一發(fā)光性質(zhì)具有將“冷色光”轉(zhuǎn)化為“暖色光”的性質(zhì),可能應(yīng)用于制作能量轉(zhuǎn)換玻璃,具有很好的保溫效果,也可能用于制作激光器。 在202Gy計量的伽馬射線輻照下,錳方硼石產(chǎn)生大量的晶體缺陷,其中天然錳方硼石的發(fā)光強(qiáng)度提高了3.5倍,合成錳方硼石發(fā)光強(qiáng)度提高了3倍;在高能中子(14MeV)的輻照下,天然錳方硼石發(fā)光強(qiáng)度提高了39%,合成錳方硼石提高了23%。錳方硼石這種隨輻照而產(chǎn)生的發(fā)光強(qiáng)度變化的特性,使得錳方硼石在伽馬射線探測和中子示蹤材料領(lǐng)域具有重要的應(yīng)用前景。同時物理方法制備的環(huán)氧樹脂/錳方硼石涂層對中子射線具有有效的吸收,1.05cm厚度的納米錳方硼石復(fù)合涂層對14MeV的中子吸收率可達(dá)19%,因此錳方硼石作為中子屏蔽材料具有重要應(yīng)用價值。錳方硼石可能作為核戰(zhàn)爭或核反應(yīng)堆的核輻射的防護(hù)和示蹤材料。 錳方硼石同時對在低頻電磁波和微波頻段也具有較為穩(wěn)定的電磁特性,通過引入適當(dāng)?shù)奈談┛梢噪姶牌帘尾牧项I(lǐng)域得以應(yīng)用。 通過對人肺癌細(xì)胞A549和大腸桿菌BL21的生物實(shí)驗,發(fā)現(xiàn)錳方硼石具有一定的抗腫瘤和滅菌性能,其中天然錳方硼石的腫瘤抑制率可達(dá)80%,細(xì)菌殺滅率達(dá)到了97.6%。因此,錳方硼石利用噴絲工藝制作出的防護(hù)服,既有吸收宇宙射線的作用,又有殺菌作用,可以用于宇航員的防護(hù)。也可以用于核戰(zhàn)爭中的人員防護(hù)。 銅基粉末冶金摩擦材料是在高速、重載荷設(shè)備用制動器中的關(guān)鍵材料,在航天與汽車制造業(yè)中占有重要地位,實(shí)驗采用與汽車中現(xiàn)用的銅基摩擦片材料相同的組分,在銅基摩擦材料中引入錳方硼石,摩擦片的摩擦系數(shù)更加穩(wěn)定,磨損率降低,從而提高了銅基摩擦片的摩擦磨損性能。因此,錳方硼石對改善銅基摩擦材料的使用壽命和安全性具有重要意義。 最后,本文討論了鎢系納米材料的光催化特性和抗腫瘤抗病毒特性。利用檸檬酸法,通過控制pH值對反應(yīng)的前驅(qū)體進(jìn)行處理,合成不同結(jié)構(gòu)的含鎢納米顆粒,建立了其微觀結(jié)構(gòu)模型。用不同結(jié)構(gòu)鎢系納米材料通過對水、羅丹明B和甲基橙的光催化分析,得出摻雜Eu3+的W03和CaWO4納米材料均有明顯的光催化活性,CaWO4:Eu3+納米材料對羅丹明B溶液具有最佳的催化效率。通過生物實(shí)驗測定不同樣品對腫瘤和病毒生長的抑制效果,確定了最佳抗腫瘤抗病毒藥物的組分與結(jié)構(gòu)。不同結(jié)構(gòu)的鎢系納米材料對不同的腫瘤病毒的最佳抑制率是不同的。通過納米顆粒與腫瘤細(xì)胞體系反應(yīng)前后的熒光光譜、瞬態(tài)吸收譜的消長變化,表征了病毒和腫瘤與藥物中間的電子傳遞。
[Abstract]:China is the only country with manganese square boron deposit in the world. So far, scholars have only studied the crystal structure of its chemical components and minerals, and the study of materials is almost blank. The luminescent energy, neutron irradiation performance and gamma ray radiation properties of natural manganese square boron and synthetic nanoscale are the first time in this paper. The properties of anti-tumor and sterilizing properties, electromagnetic properties, friction and wear properties, etc. are studied in combination with their structural characteristics. The properties of natural manganese square boron and synthetic manganese nanomilite are compared in order to provide the basis for the rational development and utilization of manganese square boron.
The structure of nano-manganese square boron and natural manganese square boron is simulated by XRD and EMS software. The structure of manganese square boron is similar to the spinel structure. There are a large number of tetrahedron and eight sides in the crystal. Mn2+ occupies the two positions to produce green light (500nm-540nm) and red light (670nm-730n) under the excitation of blue light (450nm-490nm). M). The luminescent property of manganese square boron has the nature of converting "cold color" into "warm color", which may be applied to the production of energy conversion glass. It has good thermal insulation effect and may be used to make lasers.
In the gamma ray irradiated by 202Gy, manganese square boron produces a large number of crystal defects, among which the luminescence intensity of natural manganese square boron is increased by 3.5 times, the luminescence intensity of the synthetic manganese square boron is 3 times higher; the luminescence intensity of natural manganese square boron is increased by 39% under the irradiation of high energy neutron (14MeV), and the synthetic manganese square boron can improve the 23%. manganese square boron. This change of luminescence intensity caused by irradiation makes manganese square boron in the field of gamma ray detection and neutron tracer materials have an important application prospect. At the same time, the epoxy resin / manganese square boron coating prepared by physical method has effective absorption of neutron rays. The nano manganese square Boron Composite Coating with the thickness of 1.05cm is used for 14MeV The neutron absorption rate is up to 19%, so manganese square boron is of important application value as a neutron shielding material. Manganese square boron may be used as a protective and tracer material for nuclear war or nuclear reactor nuclear radiation.
Manganese square boron also has more stable electromagnetic properties at low frequency electromagnetic wave and microwave frequency band. By introducing appropriate absorbent, it can be applied in the field of electromagnetic shielding material.
Through biological experiments on human lung cancer cell A549 and Escherichia coli BL21, it is found that manganese square boron has certain anti-tumor and sterilization properties, of which the tumor inhibition rate of natural manganese square boron can reach 80%, the bactericidal rate of bacteria reaches 97.6%., so the protective clothing made of manganese square boron using spinneret technology can not only absorb cosmic rays, but also have the effect of absorbing cosmic rays. It has bactericidal effect and can be used for astronaut protection. It can also be used for personnel protection in nuclear war.
Copper based powder metallurgy friction material is the key material in high speed, heavy load and spare brake. It occupies an important position in the aerospace and automobile manufacturing industry. The experiment adopts the same component as the copper base friction material used in the automobile, and introduces the manganese square boron in the copper base friction material. The friction coefficient of the friction plate is more stable and the wear rate is more stable. In this way, the friction and wear properties of copper base friction plates are improved. Therefore, manganese square boron is of great significance for improving the service life and safety of copper based friction materials.
Finally, the photocatalytic properties and antiviral properties of tungsten based nanomaterials are discussed. Using the citric acid method, the precursors of the reaction are treated by controlling the pH value, and the tungsten nanoparticles with different structures are synthesized and their microstructure model is established. The water, rhodamine B and methyl orange are passed by different structure tungsten nanomaterials. Photocatalytic analysis showed that W03 and CaWO4 nanomaterials doped with Eu3+ had obvious photocatalytic activity. CaWO4:Eu3+ nanomaterials had the best catalytic efficiency for Luo Danming B solution. The inhibitory effects of different samples on tumor and virus growth were determined by biological experiments, and the composition and structure of the best antitumor and antiviral drugs were determined. The optimal inhibition rate of the structured tungsten nanomaterials for different tumor viruses is different. By the fluorescence spectra of the nanoparticles and the tumor cell system, the variation of the transient absorption spectrum is characterized by the electron transfer between the virus and the tumor and the drug.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：O611.3;TB383.1

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