本文選題：有限元模擬 + 形狀記憶高分子復(fù)合材料��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：形狀記憶材料是指具有形狀記憶效應(yīng)(SME)特性,即在受到光、電、熱、磁等刺激之后可從臨時(shí)形態(tài)回復(fù)到初始狀態(tài)的一類材料。形狀記憶高分子及其復(fù)合材料主要應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域包括空間展開結(jié)構(gòu)(鉸鏈、桁架等)、變形機(jī)翼蒙皮、可折疊機(jī)翼、生物學(xué)仿生儀器、高分子紡織、生物自愈合體系等。其中,設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、變形效率高、成本低的智能變形結(jié)構(gòu)具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。實(shí)踐證明,利用形狀記憶效應(yīng)可以顯著提高結(jié)構(gòu)的折疊率,并且減小折疊和展開時(shí)所需要的輸出功,降低能源消耗和成本。從工程角度來看,形狀記憶高分子及其復(fù)合材料性能比金屬材料的更容易優(yōu)化和改善,而且具有質(zhì)輕、形變率高、響應(yīng)速度快、經(jīng)濟(jì)合理的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。開展相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的基礎(chǔ)理論研究,將為形狀記憶高分子及其復(fù)合材料的應(yīng)用奠定基礎(chǔ),同時(shí)為我國智能飛行器的研究和發(fā)展提供技術(shù)儲(chǔ)備,具有十分重要的意義。本文應(yīng)用有限元模擬方法,結(jié)合高分子粘彈性理論、纖維增強(qiáng)樹脂基復(fù)合材料力學(xué)理論建立三維有限元模型,對(duì)形狀記憶高分子及其復(fù)合材料的形狀記憶行為特點(diǎn)以及影響形狀記憶行為的因素進(jìn)行了模擬分析。研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)果如下：(1)數(shù)值分析聚氨酯彎曲形狀記憶過程,并討論升溫速率對(duì)形狀記憶效應(yīng)的影響。對(duì)預(yù)變形溫度、預(yù)變形速率和預(yù)變形程度三個(gè)影響因素對(duì)形狀記憶效應(yīng)開展靈敏度分析�；跓崃W(xué)和各向同性粘彈性力學(xué)以及高聚物結(jié)構(gòu)與性能關(guān)系等理論基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合熱膨脹理論,利用COMSOL Multiphysics 4.3a軟件,實(shí)現(xiàn)了多物理場(chǎng)耦合,對(duì)聚氨酯彎曲形狀記憶回復(fù)過程中應(yīng)力、變形程度隨溫度的變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行了分析,建立了高分子形狀記憶過程中溫度-應(yīng)力-變形程度的關(guān)系曲線。并基于這一模型,討論了形狀記憶效應(yīng)關(guān)于影響因素的靈敏度。結(jié)果表明形狀回復(fù)率與升溫速率關(guān)系較大,形狀回復(fù)力主要受預(yù)變形程度影響。(2)數(shù)值分析連續(xù)纖維增強(qiáng)樹脂基復(fù)合材料彎曲形狀記憶過程,并討論纖維含量對(duì)形狀記憶效應(yīng)的影響,開展了形狀記憶效應(yīng)影響因素的靈敏度分析�；跓崃W(xué)、纖維增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料力學(xué)和各向異性粘彈性力學(xué)等理論,建立了單向纖維增強(qiáng)樹脂基復(fù)合材料形狀記憶效應(yīng)分析模型,結(jié)合COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5a軟件,研究了單向纖維增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料的彎曲形狀記憶效應(yīng),建立了溫度-預(yù)變形程度-應(yīng)力之間的關(guān)系曲線,討論了纖維含量對(duì)形狀記憶效應(yīng)的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)纖維含量增加,最大回復(fù)力增大,形狀固定率有所下降。利用該模型針對(duì)纖維復(fù)合材料形狀記憶效應(yīng)對(duì)影響因素的靈敏度開展了數(shù)值分析。結(jié)果表明形狀回復(fù)率與升溫速率關(guān)系較大,形狀回復(fù)力主要受預(yù)變形程度影響。(3)測(cè)試環(huán)氧樹脂體系形狀記憶高分子性能,實(shí)驗(yàn)研究其形狀記憶行為。對(duì)中航工業(yè)北京航空材料研究院提供的形狀記憶環(huán)氧樹脂進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)和性能分析,并通過DSC測(cè)試確定其玻璃化轉(zhuǎn)變溫度為76℃,通過應(yīng)力松弛實(shí)驗(yàn),探究其粘彈性性質(zhì)。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了環(huán)氧樹脂形狀記憶過程,分析了形狀回復(fù)程度隨著溫度升高而變化的現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:Shape memory material is a type of material with the characteristics of shape memory effect (SME), that is, when stimulated by light, electrical, thermal, magnetic and other stimuli from temporary form to initial state. The main applications of shape memory polymers and their composites include space expansion (hinges, trusses, etc.), deformation wing skin, folding wing, and biology. Learning biomimetic instruments, polymer textile, biological self healing system, etc., which have a very important practical significance for the intelligent deformable structure with simple design mechanism, high deformation efficiency and low cost. It is proved that the folding rate can be greatly improved by the shape memory effect, and the output work needed when folding and unfolding is reduced, and the energy is reduced. Source consumption and cost. From the point of view of engineering, the properties of shape memory polymers and their composites are more easily optimized and improved than metal materials, and have the advantages of light quality, high deformation rate, fast response and reasonable economy. The basic theory research in related fields will be laid for the application of shape memory polymer and its composite materials. At the same time, it is of great significance to provide technical reserve for the research and development of China's smart aircraft. In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element model is established by using the finite element simulation method and the theory of polymer viscoelasticity and the mechanics theory of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material. Shape memory polymer and its composite material are memorable. The characteristics of the behavior and the factors affecting the shape memory behavior are simulated. The contents and results are as follows: (1) the memory process of the bending shape of polyurethane is analyzed numerically, and the influence of the heating rate on the shape memory effect is discussed. The effect of the pre deformation temperature, the predeformation rate and the predeformation degree on the shape memory effect is opened. Based on the theoretical basis of thermodynamics and isotropic viscoelasticity and the relationship between the structure and properties of polymers, combined with the theory of thermal expansion and the COMSOL Multiphysics 4.3a software, the multi physical field coupling is realized, and the stress in the memory recovery process of the bending shape of the polyurethane is carried out with the variation of the deformation degree with the temperature. The relationship between temperature stress and deformation degree in the shape memory process of polymer was established. Based on this model, the sensitivity of shape memory effect on influence factors was discussed. The results showed that the shape recovery rate was closely related to the heating rate, and the shape recovery force was mainly influenced by the pre deformation degree. (2) the numerical analysis of continuous fiber was carried out. The effect of fiber content on shape memory effect is discussed and the sensitivity analysis of the influence factors of shape memory effect is discussed. Based on thermodynamics, fiber reinforced composites mechanics and anisotropic viscoelastic mechanics, a unidirectional fiber reinforced resin matrix composite shape has been established. The shape memory effect analysis model and the COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5A software were used to study the bending shape memory effect of the unidirectional fiber reinforced composite. The relationship curve between the temperature pre deformation degree and the stress was established, and the effect of fiber content on the shape memory effect was discussed. The results showed that the fiber content increased and the maximum recovery force increased. The shape fixing rate has been reduced. Numerical analysis is carried out on the sensitivity of the shape memory effect of fiber composites. The results show that the shape recovery rate has a great relationship with the heating rate, and the shape recovery force is mainly influenced by the pre deformation degree. (3) test the properties of the shape memory polymer of the ring oxygen resin system. The shape memory behavior of the shape memory resin was investigated. The structure and performance of the shape memory epoxy resin provided by Beijing Institute of Aerial Materials were analyzed. The glass transition temperature of the epoxy resin was determined by DSC. The viscoelastic properties of the epoxy resin were determined by the stress relaxation experiment. The shape memory process of the epoxy resin was studied and the shape of the epoxy resin was studied. The degree of recovery varies with the increase of temperature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB332

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本文編號(hào)：2028232