本文選題：碳纖維復(fù)合材料 + 酚醛樹(shù)脂　； 參考：《長(zhǎng)春工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：酚醛樹(shù)脂是一種重要的工程塑料,但酚醛樹(shù)脂特性脆,易斷裂,在一定程度上限制了在保溫材料以及摩擦領(lǐng)域的使用范圍。為了解決這些問(wèn)題,本論文從物理改性和化學(xué)改性兩方面研究了酚醛樹(shù)脂的改性問(wèn)題,并對(duì)改性酚醛樹(shù)脂/碳纖維增強(qiáng)酚醛樹(shù)脂復(fù)合材料的制備及摩擦磨損性能的影響進(jìn)行了初步探索。主要工作內(nèi)容如下:采用一步水熱合成法制備了石墨烯-四氧化三鐵納米粒子。研究了石墨烯-四氧化三鐵納米粒子填充改性酚醛樹(shù)脂/碳纖維復(fù)合材料的摩擦磨損特性以及作用規(guī)律。石墨烯-四氧化三鐵納米粒子作為填料,可以降低摩擦系數(shù)和比磨損率。研究結(jié)果表明:石墨烯-四氧化三鐵納米粒子最佳含量為2.0 wt%;選用碳纖維粉末來(lái)增強(qiáng)改性酚醛樹(shù)脂,通過(guò)熱重分析測(cè)試表明,碳纖維粉末可以明顯的增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料的熱穩(wěn)定性能,添加碳纖維粉末的復(fù)合材料的熱分解溫度相對(duì)于未添加碳纖維粉末的提高12%左右;在導(dǎo)電性方面,添加2.0 wt%碳纖維粉末的復(fù)合材料相對(duì)于未添加碳纖維粉末的復(fù)合材料的平面內(nèi)和面外導(dǎo)電率分別提高了80%和300%。同時(shí),還探討了在不同載荷和轉(zhuǎn)速對(duì)碳纖維復(fù)合材料摩擦磨損的影響以及碳纖維粉末對(duì)碳纖維復(fù)合材料的改性規(guī)律和作用機(jī)理。從基體結(jié)構(gòu)改性酚醛樹(shù)脂,選用三聚氰胺改性酚醛樹(shù)脂,研究了不同三聚氰胺添加含量對(duì)改性酚醛樹(shù)脂/碳纖維復(fù)合材料對(duì)摩擦磨損特性以及熱穩(wěn)定性能的影響。通過(guò)熱失重分析測(cè)試,表明改性酚醛樹(shù)脂/碳纖維復(fù)合材料的熱穩(wěn)定性有明顯的提高,添加三聚氰胺的碳纖維復(fù)合材料相比于未添加的復(fù)合材料的熱分解溫度提升了10%左右。同時(shí),添加三聚氰胺改性酚醛樹(shù)脂/碳纖維復(fù)合材料的摩擦系數(shù)降低、磨損率明顯減小。采用掃描電鏡來(lái)研究不同的改性方法對(duì)改性酚醛樹(shù)脂/碳纖維復(fù)合材料的摩擦磨損機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)添加粒子時(shí),摩擦磨損機(jī)理主要是磨料磨損,并且隨著應(yīng)力的增加,作用在粒子上的力,發(fā)生應(yīng)力改變,在表面出現(xiàn)了應(yīng)力集中現(xiàn)象。對(duì)于基體改性,發(fā)現(xiàn)在干摩擦后的碳纖維復(fù)合材料表面上很少有空洞、耙犁以及樹(shù)脂的斷裂。這說(shuō)明樹(shù)脂的脆性得到了改善,碳纖維復(fù)合材料的基體基本沒(méi)有發(fā)生形變,改性后的碳纖維復(fù)合材料的摩擦磨損類型主要以粘著磨損為主,磨料磨損為輔。上述研究結(jié)果揭示了從不同方面研究改性酚醛樹(shù)脂/碳纖維復(fù)合材料的摩擦磨損機(jī)制,得出了導(dǎo)熱率與摩擦磨損之間的關(guān)系。通過(guò)不同改性方法可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)改性酚醛樹(shù)脂/碳纖維復(fù)合材料的摩擦磨損特性的調(diào)控,為工程制備以及應(yīng)用開(kāi)發(fā)做出了理論上的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Phenolic resin is an important kind of engineering plastics, but it is brittle and easy to break, which limits its application in the field of thermal insulation and friction to a certain extent. In order to solve these problems, the modification of phenolic resin was studied from the aspects of physical modification and chemical modification. The preparation of modified phenolic resin / carbon fiber reinforced phenolic resin composite and the effect of friction and wear properties were also discussed. The main work is as follows: graphene-iron trioxide nanoparticles were prepared by one-step hydrothermal synthesis. The friction and wear characteristics of phenolic resin / carbon fiber composites filled with graphene and iron trioxide nanoparticles were studied. As filler, graphene-iron trioxide nanoparticles can reduce friction coefficient and specific wear rate. The results show that the optimum content of graphene-iron trioxide nanoparticles is 2.0 wt.The modified phenolic resin is reinforced by carbon fiber powder, and the results of thermogravimetric analysis show that, Carbon fiber powder can obviously enhance the thermal stability of the composite. The thermal decomposition temperature of the composite with carbon fiber powder is about 12% higher than that without carbon fiber powder. Compared with the composites without carbon fiber powder, the in-plane and out-of-plane conductivity of the composites with 2.0 wt% carbon fiber powder increased by 80% and 300%, respectively. At the same time, the effects of different loads and rotational speeds on friction and wear of carbon fiber composites, the modification law and mechanism of carbon fiber powder on carbon fiber composites were also discussed. The effects of different melamine content on the friction and wear properties and thermal stability of the modified phenolic resin / carbon fiber composites were studied from the matrix structure modified phenolic resin and melamine modified phenolic resin. The thermogravimetric analysis showed that the thermal stability of the modified phenolic resin / carbon fiber composites was improved obviously, and the thermal decomposition temperature of the modified phenolic resin / carbon fiber composites was increased by about 10% compared with that of the composites without melamine. At the same time, the friction coefficient and wear rate of melamine modified phenolic resin / carbon fiber composites were decreased. The friction and wear mechanism of modified phenolic resin / carbon fiber composites was studied by SEM. The results show that the friction and wear mechanism is mainly abrasive wear when the particles are added, and with the increase of stress, the force acting on the particles changes the stress and the stress concentration occurs on the surface. For matrix modification, it is found that there are few cavities, rake plows and resin fracture on the surface of dry friction carbon fiber composites. This shows that the brittleness of the resin has been improved and the matrix of the carbon fiber composites has not been deformed. The friction and wear types of the modified carbon fiber composites are mainly adhesive wear and abrasive wear. The results show that the friction and wear mechanism of modified phenolic resin / carbon fiber composites is studied from different aspects, and the relationship between thermal conductivity and friction and wear is obtained. The friction and wear characteristics of the modified phenolic resin / carbon fiber composites can be controlled by different modification methods, which provides theoretical guidance for engineering preparation and application development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)春工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ323.1;TB332

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