本文選題：加熱絲 + 融雪化冰�。� 參考：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：復(fù)合材料在建筑、航空領(lǐng)域有著廣泛應(yīng)用,但是結(jié)冰、積雪會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響其安全應(yīng)用,因此快速有效、無損傷的清除這些冰雪,是一項(xiàng)十分重大的工作。本文綜述了當(dāng)前常用的融雪化冰方式,在熱融雪法的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)、試制了一種新型的帶加熱功能的織物增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料,若用作建筑物屋頂和飛機(jī)機(jī)身、機(jī)翼的表層或表面材料,將預(yù)防暴雪、冰凍天氣對建筑物、航空等的影響。課題選擇12K、6K、3K碳纖維和康銅絲四種材料為加熱元件,設(shè)計(jì)、織造出五種加熱絲沿緯向分布的玻纖織物,并與不飽和聚酯樹脂復(fù)合,制成了共20塊復(fù)合板。然后對復(fù)合板進(jìn)行通電,測試并分析了復(fù)合板內(nèi)溫度場的分布以及影響復(fù)合板內(nèi)溫度變化的因素,包括加熱絲的種類、功率值、加熱時(shí)間、加熱絲分布比例等因素。并對12K碳纖維和康銅絲作為加熱絲,與玻纖緯紗以1:3比例分布的復(fù)合材料板的拉伸力學(xué)性能作了測試分析,得出以下結(jié)論:(1)復(fù)合板內(nèi)溫度分布取決于加熱絲的位置,溫度從加熱絲處向空白處傳遞,復(fù)合板內(nèi)溫度值相對中軸線沿緯向呈對稱分布,沿經(jīng)向呈高低起伏的鋸齒狀分布,相對中心位置對角線方向呈梯度分布。(2)在相同功率條件下,不同加熱絲的復(fù)合板溫度差值不大;通電功率與復(fù)合板溫度值呈正線性相關(guān)關(guān)系,同等條件下,功率越大,復(fù)合板溫度越大;隨著通電時(shí)間的增加,復(fù)合板短時(shí)間內(nèi)溫度呈急劇增長,后逐漸增長緩慢,雖然呈上升趨勢,但基本趨于穩(wěn)定;相同功率下,不同分布比例的復(fù)合板可升高的溫度值比較接近,復(fù)合板內(nèi)加熱絲分布越密集,復(fù)合板內(nèi)溫度分布越均勻。(3)帶加熱功能的復(fù)合材料與不帶加熱絲的純玻纖復(fù)合材料相比,拉伸強(qiáng)度變化不大,拉伸彈性模量明顯減小,隨著通電時(shí)間的增加,帶加熱功能的復(fù)合材料拉伸強(qiáng)度減小,且加熱元件為康銅絲的比加熱元件為碳纖維的拉伸強(qiáng)度降低的更快,但是通電時(shí)間對復(fù)合板的彈性模量幾乎沒有影響。綜合考慮帶加熱功能的織物增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料的熱學(xué)、力學(xué)性能,可選擇12K碳纖維作為加熱絲,加熱絲緯密為8根/10cm,將其單獨(dú)作為緯紗與玻纖緯紗間隔織入織物,制成帶加熱功能的織物增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料,用于建筑、航空等領(lǐng)域的融雪化冰材料。
[Abstract]:Composite materials are widely used in the field of building and aviation, but icing and snow cover will seriously affect their safety application. Therefore, it is a very important task to remove these ice and snow quickly and effectively without damage. In this paper, a new type of fabric reinforced composite material with heating function is designed and manufactured, which can be used as roof of building and fuselage of aircraft. The surface or surface material of the wing will prevent the effects of blizzard, freezing weather on buildings, aviation, etc. In this paper, four kinds of materials (12K ~ 6K ~ 3K carbon fiber and copper wire) were selected as heating elements to design and weave five kinds of glass fiber fabrics distributed along the weft direction of heating silk, and to make 20 laminated sheets with unsaturated polyester resin. Then, the distribution of temperature field in the composite plate and the factors influencing the temperature change in the composite plate are tested and analyzed, including the type of heating wire, power value, heating time, distribution ratio of heating wire, and so on. The tensile mechanical properties of composite plate with 12K carbon fiber and copper wire as heating wire and glass fiber weft distributed in proportion of 1:3 are tested and analyzed. The following conclusion is drawn: 1) the temperature distribution in the composite plate depends on the position of the heating wire. The temperature is transferred from the heating wire to the blank. The temperature value in the composite plate is symmetrically distributed along the zonal direction relative to the central axis, zigzag distribution along the meridional direction, and gradient distribution in the diagonal direction relative to the center position under the same power condition. The temperature difference of the composite plate with different heating wire is small, the power of power and the temperature of the composite plate have a positive linear correlation, under the same conditions, the higher the power, the greater the temperature of the composite plate; with the increase of the time of electrification, The temperature of the composite plate increased sharply in a short period of time, then gradually increased slowly, although it showed an upward trend, it tended to be stable basically, and the temperature value of the composite plate with different distribution ratio was similar to that of the composite plate with the same power distribution. The denser the distribution of heating wire in the composite plate, the more uniform the temperature distribution in the composite plate. (3) compared with the pure glass fiber composite without heating wire, the tensile strength of the composite with heating function has little change, and the tensile modulus of elasticity is obviously reduced. The tensile strength of composites with heating function decreases with the increase of electric time, and the tensile strength of composites with heating element is decreased more quickly than that of carbon fiber with heating element of constant-copper wire, and the tensile strength of composite material with heating function decreases faster than that of carbon fiber with heating element. However, the time of electrification has little effect on the elastic modulus of the composite plate. Considering the thermal and mechanical properties of textile reinforced composites with heating function, 12K carbon fiber can be selected as heating wire, and the weft density of heating silk is 8 / 10 cm, which can be woven into fabric separately as the interval between weft and glass fiber weft. Fabric reinforced composites with heating function are made for snow melting and ice melting in building, aviation and other fields.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TS106;TB33

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