本文選題：氧化鋅 + 納米粒子��； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：氧化鋅納米粒子(ZnO NPs)具有獨特的理化性質(zhì),在不同領(lǐng)域都有重要的應(yīng)用價值,這會導(dǎo)致它們被釋放到不同的環(huán)境中,增加了與生物的相互作用,這是ZnO納米粒子毒性影響中最重要的一方面。蘆薈是百合科常綠多肉質(zhì)草本植物,具有重要的觀賞和藥用價值,蘆薈大黃素(Aloe emodin,AE)是蘆薈中重要的色素分子,也是蘆薈作為藥用植物的重要有效成分。雖然有很多報道說明了ZnO納米粒子作用在植物系統(tǒng)后產(chǎn)生的消極影響,但是就蘆薈來說,ZnO納米粒子對蘆薈的毒性影響只是研究了其對蘆薈原生質(zhì)體活性的影響以及ZnO納米粒子的濃度對蘆薈原生質(zhì)體外側(cè)鈣離子濃度的影響,至于ZnO納米粒子對蘆薈細胞內(nèi)部生物活性物質(zhì)的作用還不清楚。因此,本文主要研究了ZnO納米粒子對蘆薈葉片中重要的生物活性物質(zhì)-蘆薈大黃素的影響,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)ZnO納米粒子會使蘆薈大黃素溶液發(fā)生變色反應(yīng),而且蘆薈大黃素的發(fā)光峰也發(fā)生了變化。首先,在熒光顯微鏡下觀察到了蘆薈大黃素在蘆薈葉片中的縱向分布情況,這在之前的研究中是沒有報道過的。通過徒手切片法制得蘆薈葉片的縱向和橫向切片,置于熒光顯微鏡下,分別在白光、藍光和紫外光照射下觀察葉片的結(jié)構(gòu),得到葉片的橫切面和縱切面的顯微圖像。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),蘆薈葉片的縱切面經(jīng)藍光(460-490 nm)照射后,同化組織呈現(xiàn)紅色,維管束發(fā)出亮黃色的熒光,呈帶狀分布在同化組織中。觀察蘆薈葉片的橫切面,發(fā)現(xiàn)維管束鞘細胞中含有很多發(fā)亮黃色熒光的小球點,這些發(fā)亮黃色熒光的小球點的主要成分就是蘆薈大黃素。其次,研究了ZnO納米粒子作用下蘆薈大黃素溶液顏色的變化情況。采用溶膠-凝膠的方法制備粒徑5 nm左右的ZnO納米粒子。分別配置成6 mg/L和10 mg/L的ZnO納米粒子懸浮液,將其與新鮮提取的蘆薈大黃素溶液作用,分別置于黑暗條件和紫外條件下,每隔一定時間記錄混合液顏色的變化情況。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)無論在黑暗條件還是在紫外光照射的處理下,隨著時間的增加,加入ZnO納米粒子的蘆薈大黃素溶液均發(fā)生變色反應(yīng)。不同的是在紫外光的照射下,加入ZnO納米粒子的蘆薈大黃素溶液顏色變成橙紅色,而在黑暗條件下則是橙色�？赡苁窃谧贤夤馓幚硐�,ZnO納米粒子水溶液發(fā)生光催化,表面產(chǎn)生的羥基和超氧自由基與蘆薈大黃素發(fā)生氧化反應(yīng),使得蘆薈大黃素苯環(huán)上的酚羥基等助色團的位置和數(shù)量發(fā)生變化,顏色由淡黃色向橙紅色轉(zhuǎn)變。最后,從光譜的角度研究了ZnO納米粒子對蘆薈大黃素溶液的作用。配置10 mg/L的ZnO納米粒子懸浮液與相同濃度的蘆薈大黃素水溶液混合作為實驗組,將蘆薈大黃素水溶液作為對照組,每間隔一定的時間測試它們的熒光光譜和吸收光譜。熒光光譜的結(jié)果顯示,當激發(fā)光為460 nm時,ZnO納米粒子與蘆薈大黃素的混合液出現(xiàn)4個發(fā)光峰,分別是500 nm、540 nm、580 nm和630 nm。與未加ZnO納米粒子的蘆薈大黃素溶液比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)無論是否加ZnO納米粒子,I540/I580比值均隨溶液放置時間的增加而增加。但是加入ZnO納米粒子可以加快I540/I580比值的增加。出現(xiàn)這種峰值的變化可能是因為蘆薈大黃素的苯環(huán)上含有酚羥基和羰基,容易與溶液中產(chǎn)生于ZnO納米粒子表面的活性氧基團發(fā)生變色反應(yīng)。這些反應(yīng)消除了ZnO納米粒子表面的活性氧簇進而有助于減輕ZnO納米粒子的生物毒性。關(guān)于ZnO納米粒子作用下蘆薈大黃素顏色變化的詳細機理,我們將作進一步的分析和研究。這篇論文的結(jié)果對于進一步研究ZnO納米粒子生物毒性的機理具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have unique physical and chemical properties and have important applications in different fields, which will lead to their release into different environments and increase the interaction with organisms. This is the most important aspect of the toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles. Aloe emodin (AE) is an important pigment molecule in Aloe and an important effective component of aloe as medicinal plant. Although many reports indicate the negative effects of ZnO nanoparticles on the plant system, the toxic effects of ZnO nanoparticles on Aloe Vera The effect of ZnO nanoparticles on the concentration of calcium ions in Aloe protoplasts was studied, and the effect of ZnO nanoparticles on the bioactive substances in Aloe cells was not clear. Therefore, the main biological activity of ZnO nanoparticles in aloe leaves was studied in this paper. The effect of sexual substance, aloe emodin, found that ZnO nanoparticles would change the color reaction of aloe emodin solution, and the luminescence peak of aloe emodin also changed. First, the longitudinal distribution of aloe emodin in aloe leaves was observed under the fluorescence microscope, which was not reported in previous studies. The longitudinal and transverse sections of the leaves of Aloe Vera were sectioned by hand sectioning. Under the fluorescence microscope, the structure of the leaves was observed under white light, blue light and ultraviolet light respectively, and the microscopic images of the transverse and longitudinal sections of the leaves were obtained. The results showed that the assimilate tissues were red after the blue light (460-490 nm) irradiated the longitudinal surface of the aloe leaves. The bright yellow fluorescence of the vascular bundles is distributed in the assimilated tissue. The transverse section of the leaves of the aloe vera is observed. It is found that there are many bright yellow fluorescent dots in the vascular sheath cells of the vascular bundle. The main component of the bright yellow fluorescent dots is the aloe emodin. Secondly, the aloe vera under the action of ZnO nanoparticles is studied. The change of the color of the prime solution. The ZnO nanoparticles with the diameter of 5 nm were prepared by the sol-gel method. The suspension of 6 mg/L and 10 mg/L of ZnO nanoparticles was arranged respectively. The solution was acted on the fresh aloe emodin solution, under the dark condition and the UV condition, and the color change of the mixture was recorded at a certain time. It is found that the aloe emodin solution which is added to ZnO nanoparticles has a discoloration reaction with the increase of time, both in dark and ultraviolet irradiation. The color of the aloe vera solution with ZnO nanoparticles is changed into orange red under ultraviolet light, but under the dark condition, It is orange. It is possible that under ultraviolet light treatment, the aqueous solution of ZnO nanoparticles is photocatalytic, and the hydroxyl and superoxide radicals produced on the surface oxidize with the aloe emodin, making the position and quantity of the phenol hydroxyl groups on the aloe emodin benzene ring change, the color changes from light yellow to orange red. Finally, from the spectrum The effect of ZnO nanoparticles on the aloe emodin solution was studied. A 10 mg/L ZnO nanoparticle suspension was mixed with the same concentration of aloe rhubarb aqueous solution as the experimental group. The aloe rhubarb aqueous solution was used as the control group. The fluorescence spectrum and absorption spectrum of the aqueous solution were measured at a certain time. The results of fluorescence spectra were measured. The results showed that when the stimulated luminescence was 460 nm, the mixture of ZnO nanoparticles and aloe emodin appeared 4 luminescence peaks, which were 500 nm, 540 nm, 580 nm and 630 nm., compared with the aloe emodin solution without ZnO nanoparticles. It was found that the I540/I580 ratio increased with the increase of the solution placement time whether or not ZnO nanoparticles were added. But the addition of Z was added to the Z. NO nanoparticles can accelerate the increase of the I540/I580 ratio, which may be due to the presence of phenolic hydroxyl and carbonyl groups on the benzene ring of the aloe emodin, which is easy to react with the reactive oxygen group produced on the surface of the ZnO nanoparticles. These reactions eliminate the reactive oxygen clusters on the surface of the ZnO nanoparticles and help them. In order to reduce the biological toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles, we will further analyze and study the detailed mechanism of the color change of ralotin in Aloe vera under the action of ZnO nanoparticles. The results of this paper are of great significance to the further study of the mechanism of the biological toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：Q946;TB383.1

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