本文選題：有機電子器件 + 納米聚合物�。� 參考：《河南大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：和傳統(tǒng)的無機材料相比,有機材料由于其質輕,容易獲得,易于制備及柔韌性好,可大面積生產(chǎn)等優(yōu)點,基于有機半導體的有機電子器件在過去十年一直受到學術和工業(yè)的極大關注。在這些器件中,由于其簡單的結構及可以和下一代便攜式可彎曲柔性存儲器件相結合,有機雙穩(wěn)態(tài)器件成為了一個集中研究的熱點,近期,已經(jīng)有一些有機雙穩(wěn)態(tài)器件應用到存儲設備中,并取得了一些進展,將納米復合物和納米顆粒/有機材料的混合物作為雙穩(wěn)態(tài)器件的活性層是一個可以獲得高ON/OFF比及壽命的很成功的方法。Zn O納米顆粒和PVP聚合物由于具有很好的穩(wěn)定性,易于制備,有很好的電學性質在過去幾年當中,被廣泛應用在了存儲器件當中。目前,基于聚合物:富勒烯結構的太陽能電池的轉換效率已經(jīng)達到10.6%,而單層聚合物太陽能電池的轉換效率已經(jīng)達到9.94%,且已經(jīng)通過認證,現(xiàn)在越來越多人將研究重點放在提高有機光伏器件的轉換效率。影響聚合物電池的轉換效率的主要因素是光吸收及電荷的收集,因此可以通過提高光吸收提高電池的轉換效率,由于導體聚合物載流子遷移率較低和激子壽命較短,活性層厚度一般控制在100nm左右,厚度太大,由于自由電荷載流子的重組,這些成為降低電池轉換效率的主要原因,而厚度太小會減弱光吸收,從而成為降低光電流的主要原因,因此可以選用一些特殊材料如半導體或金屬能提高光捕獲提高聚合物太陽能電池的轉換效率。利用金屬納米顆粒的光散射與局域表面等離子體共振效應(LSPR)實現(xiàn)了薄膜太陽能電池的光吸收與光電流增強,因此,在聚合物太陽能電池中引入金屬納米顆粒是一種有效的提高器件的轉換效率的方法,而將金屬氧化物與金屬顆粒以化學鍵的方式結合生成一種納米聚合物也成為了可以利用表面等離子增強作用提高電池的光捕獲的一種有效方法,由于Au納米顆粒是被Zn O NPs所包覆的,可以起到對Au顆粒表面進行鈍化的作用,從而可以提高表面等離子共振結構器件的穩(wěn)定性。本文通過原位生成的方法合成了納米復合物Zn O-PVP和Au-Zn O提高了有機雙穩(wěn)態(tài)及聚合物太陽能電池的性能。第一次將Zn O-PVP納米復合物應用到有及雙穩(wěn)態(tài)器件中,將捕獲介質(Zn O)用一種絕緣體簡單的進行全包覆,和單純的Zn O納米顆粒相比,有效的提高了混合型有機雙穩(wěn)態(tài)器件的開關比;將Zn O NPs與Au顆粒形成的納米復合物用到了反型的聚合物太陽能電池中,不僅保持了其等離子共振作用及減弱了激子猝滅,提高了器件的性能,同時在未封裝的情況下提高了器件在空氣中的壽命,具體內容如下:(1)采用簡單的原位生成的方法成功合成了PVP/Zn O納米復合物,并第一次將其作為活性層應用到電雙穩(wěn)態(tài)器件中,通過優(yōu)化PVP層的厚度,Zn O層,Zn O NPs:PVP混合物層及PVP/Zn O層的厚度,得到了PVP層及活性層的最佳厚度,得到了PVP/Zn O納米復合物作為有機雙穩(wěn)態(tài)器件活性層時,器件的ON/OFF比是最大的,最大的ON/OFF比是5.89×102,和純Zn O NPs,Zn O NPs:PVP NPs作為活性的器件相比,它的ON/OFF明顯提高,主要是由于PVP/Zn O納米復合物對載流子電荷有三維方向的限制,載流子的存儲能力提高及更好的薄膜形態(tài),盡管現(xiàn)在得到的ON/OFF比還比較低,提供了可以利用納米顆粒/聚合物的納米復合物來提高有機雙穩(wěn)態(tài)的方法。(2)采用原位生成的方法成功合成了Au-Zn O納米復合物并將其應用到反型聚合物太陽能電池中。對ITO/Au/Zn O/active layer/Mo O3/Al和ITO/Au-Zn O/active layer/Mo O3/Al兩種結構器件與標準器件對比,發(fā)現(xiàn),由于Au顆�；駻u-Zn O納米復合物中Au顆粒的存在,Au顆粒都由于等離子共振作用提高了器件的轉換效率,通過對Au-Zn O納米復合物的濃度進行優(yōu)化,Au-Zn O納米復合物的器件轉換效率最高達到了7.82%,和Au顆粒/Zn O納米顆粒疊層結構的器件的效率相當。Au-Zn O納米復合物結構器件轉換效率穩(wěn)定的原因是Au顆粒表面被Zn O鈍化,而Au/Zn O疊層結構的器件由于Au顆粒不穩(wěn)定,因此器件的穩(wěn)定性不好。在對三種器件的壽命進行跟蹤測試之后發(fā)現(xiàn),Au-Zn O納米復合物結構的器件的壽命是最穩(wěn)定的,在12天之后,器件的轉換效率仍然維持在原來的90%左右,僅僅從7.62%降到了6.90%。而Au/Zn O疊層結構的器件在12天之后轉換效率降到了原來的80%,從7.60%降到了6.14%,說明在聚合物太陽能電池中加入金屬-氧化物納米復合物后明顯的提高了器件的穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional inorganic materials, organic materials have the advantages of light quality, easy availability, easy preparation, good flexibility and large area production. Organic electronic devices based on organic semiconductors have received great attention from academic and industrial applications in the past ten years. With the combination of flexible flexible memory parts, organic bistable devices have become a focus of research. In the near future, some organic bistable devices have been applied to storage devices, and some progress has been made. The active layer of nanocomposite and nano particles / organic materials as bistable devices can be used as an active layer. The successful methods of obtaining high ON/OFF and life span,.Zn O nanoparticles and PVP polymers, are widely used in memory parts in the past few years because of their good stability, easy preparation and good electrical properties. At present, the conversion efficiency of solar cells based on polymer: fullerene structure has reached 10.6%, The conversion efficiency of single layer polymer solar cells has reached 9.94% and has been certified. More and more people now focus on improving the conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic devices. The main factors affecting the conversion efficiency of polymer batteries are the absorption of light and the collection of charge, so the battery can be improved by improving the light absorption. Because of the low mobility of the conductor polymer carrier and the short life of the exciton, the thickness of the active layer is generally controlled around 100nm, and the thickness is too large. Because of the restructure of the free charge carrier, these are the main reasons to reduce the conversion efficiency of the battery, and the thickness is too small to weaken the light absorption, thus becoming the main reduction of the photocurrent. Therefore, some special materials, such as semiconductors or metals, can be used to improve the conversion efficiency of the polymer solar cells. The light scattering and local surface plasmon resonance effect (LSPR) of the metal nanoparticles are used to achieve the optical absorption and photocurrent enhancement of the thin film solar cells. Therefore, the polymer solar energy is used in the solar cell. The introduction of metal nanoparticles in the battery is an effective method to improve the conversion efficiency of the devices. The combination of metal oxides and metal particles in chemical bonds to produce a nano polymer has become an effective method to improve the light capture of the battery by surface plasmon enhancement. Because of Au nanoparticles, The surface of Au particles can be passivated by the Zn O NPs, which can improve the stability of the surface plasmon resonance structure. In this paper, the nano composite Zn O-PVP and Au-Zn O are synthesized by the method of in situ synthesis. The organic bistability and the performance of the polymer solar cells are improved. The first time Zn O-PVP is received. The rice complex is applied to the bistable device, and the capture medium (Zn O) is fully covered with an insulator, and the switching ratio of the hybrid organic bistable device is effectively improved compared with the simple Zn O nanoparticles. The nanocomposite formed by the Zn O NPs and Au particles is used in the inverse polymer solar cell. It not only keeps its plasma resonance and weakens the exciton quenching, but also improves the performance of the device, and improves the life of the device in the air without encapsulation. The specific contents are as follows: (1) the PVP/Zn O nanocomposite is successfully synthesized by a simple in situ method, and is applied to the electricity as the active layer for the first time. In bistable devices, the optimum thickness of the PVP layer and the active layer is obtained by optimizing the thickness of the PVP layer, the Zn O layer, the Zn O NPs:PVP mixture layer and the PVP/Zn O layer. When the PVP/Zn O nanocomposite is used as the active layer of the organic bistable device, the ON/OFF ratio of the device is the largest and the maximum ratio is 5.89 * 102. Compared with the active devices, the ON/OFF of NPs:PVP NPs is obviously improved, mainly because the PVP/Zn O nanocomposite has a three dimensional limit on the charge carrier charge, the storage capacity of the carrier and the better film form. Although the ON/OFF ratio is still lower now, the nano particles / polymer nanocomposite can be used. The method of improving the organic bistability of organic compounds. (2) the Au-Zn O nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by in situ method and applied to the inverse polymer solar cells. Compared with the standard devices, two kinds of ITO/Au/Zn O/active layer/Mo O3/Al and ITO/Au-Zn O/active layer/Mo O3/Al are compared with the standard devices, and it is found that the Au particles or Au-Z are due to Au particles or Au-Z. The existence of Au particles in n O nanocomposites, Au particles all improve the conversion efficiency of the device by the effect of plasma resonance. By optimizing the concentration of Au-Zn O nanocomposites, the conversion efficiency of the Au-Zn O nanocomposite is up to 7.82%, and the efficiency of the device is similar to the Au particle /Zn O nano particle layer structure. The stable conversion efficiency of the nanocomposite structure device is due to the passivation of the Au particle surface by Zn O, while the device's stability is not good because of the unstable Au particles in the Au/Zn O stack structure. After tracking the life of the three devices, the life of the Au-Zn O nanocomposite structure is the most stable, in 12 days. After that, the conversion efficiency of the device remained at about 90%, only from 7.62% to 6.90%. and the Au/Zn O stack structure was reduced to 80%, from 7.60% to 6.14% after 12 days, indicating that the addition of metal oxide nanocomposites in the polymer solar cell significantly improved the stability of the device. Qualitative.
【學位授予單位】：河南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM914.4;TB33

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