本文選題：氧化鋅 + 復合材料　； 參考：《安徽理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：紅外／雷達兼容隱身是目前隱身材料研究的重點。熱穩(wěn)定性好的半導體材料氧化鋅(ZnO)與低密度多壁碳納米管(MWCNTs)復合能提高ZnO的吸波性能；磁性金屬摻雜ZnO包覆片狀鋁粉(ZnO/Al)復合材料是紅外／雷達兼容隱身功能材料研究的一個重要方向。 本工作首先制備了ZnO粉末及ZnO基復合材料,通過XRD、SEM、TEM和FT-IR等手段表征了樣品的形貌和結構；利用IR-2雙波段發(fā)射率測量儀測試樣品在8-14μm波段的紅外發(fā)射率,通過矢量網絡分析儀測試了樣品在2-18GHz頻段內的微波吸收性能。主要內容和結果如下： 1、采用化學沉淀法制備了ZnO粉末。研究了反應溫度、反應時間、反應體系的pH、煅燒溫度、鋅源、沉淀劑和表面活性劑的種類及用量等對ZnO的紅外發(fā)射率及微波吸收性能的影響。結果表明：以六水合硝酸鋅為鋅源、氨水為沉淀劑、聚乙二醇為表面活性劑,反應溫度T=55℃C、pH=9、反應2h、400℃C下煅燒2h,制備的ZnO粉末具有較好的紅外隱身性能,其紅外發(fā)射率為0.83,最大微波反射損耗數值為-2.0dB。 2、以硝酸改性處理的MWCNTs和六水合硝酸鋅為原料,氨水為沉淀劑,通過化學沉淀法制備氧化鋅/多壁碳納米管(ZnO/MWCNTs)復合材料。利用SEM、 TGA表征了復合材料的微觀形貌和熱穩(wěn)定性,考察了MWCNTs對復合材料的紅外發(fā)射率及微波吸收性能的影響。結果表明：ZnO粒子均勻地負載在MWCNTs管壁上,ZnO/MWCNTs復合材料的熱穩(wěn)定性較MWCNTs有一定的提高；且復合材料在2-18GHz頻段最大微波反射損耗為-4.5dB,8-14μm波段的紅外發(fā)射率為0.81,較純ZnO的紅外隱身和微波吸收性能均有一定的提高。 3、以六水合硝酸鋅、磁性金屬硝酸鹽、片狀鋁粉和氨水為原料,采用化學沉淀法制備氫氧化鋅包覆片狀鋁粉前驅體,再經高溫煅燒制得磁性金屬摻雜ZnO包覆片狀鋁粉復合材料�？疾炝朔稚┑姆N類對鋁粉分散效果的影響及氧化鋅的包覆量、磁性金屬種類及摻雜量對復合材料的紅外發(fā)射率和微波吸收性能的影響。結果表明：片狀鋁粉表面的摻雜金屬氧化物呈現類蜂窩狀結構；Ni摻雜ZnO/Al復合材料具有最佳的紅外/雷達兼容隱身性能：12%(摩爾分數)的Ni摻雜ZnO/Al復合材料(ZnO與片狀鋁粉質量比為1：1)時,復合材料在8-14μm波段的紅外發(fā)射率低至0.37,13.6GHz處最大微波反射損耗為-32.5dB。
[Abstract]:Infrared / radar compatible stealth is currently the focus of stealth material research. The high thermal stability semiconductor material zinc oxide (ZnO) and low density multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can improve the microwave absorption properties of ZnO. Magnetic metal-doped ZnO coated sheet aluminum powder ZnO / Al composite is an important research direction of infrared / radar compatible stealth functional materials. In this work, ZnO powder and ZnO matrix composites were prepared, the morphology and structure of the samples were characterized by XRDX SEMTEM and FT-IR, and the infrared emissivity of the samples in 8-14 渭 m band was measured by IR-2 dual-band emissivity measurement instrument. The microwave absorption properties of the samples in the 2-18GHz band were measured by a vector network analyzer. The main elements and results are as follows: 1. ZnO powder was prepared by chemical precipitation method. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, pH of reaction system, calcination temperature, zinc source, type and amount of precipitators and surfactants on the infrared emissivity and microwave absorption of ZnO were studied. The results showed that the ZnO powder prepared by using zinc nitrate hexahydrate as zinc source, ammonia water as precipitant, polyethylene glycol as surfactant, reaction temperature 55 鈩，

本文編號：1942150