發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-26 19:14

  本文選題：水滑石 + 蒙脫土�。� 參考：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：水滑石與蒙脫土結(jié)構(gòu)上都是二維層狀結(jié)構(gòu),而且都較容易獲得。目前兩者的研究及應(yīng)用都取得了不錯(cuò)的進(jìn)展,兩者在結(jié)構(gòu)上具有相似性,但是層板及層間所帶的電荷又完全相反,這些特性使得水滑石、蒙脫土組裝成一種復(fù)合材料成為了現(xiàn)實(shí)。本文分別研究了用合適的表面活性劑插層改性水滑石和蒙脫土,探索了不同表面活性劑改性蒙脫土的最佳反應(yīng)條件,改性后的水滑石和蒙脫土的層間距出現(xiàn)了明顯的增大,證明了表面活性劑鏈長(zhǎng)越長(zhǎng)能撐大層板的間距越大,隨后在三氯甲烷溶液的作用下分別對(duì)改性后的水滑石和蒙脫土進(jìn)行了剝層處理,剝層后的膠體具有明顯的丁達(dá)爾效應(yīng)。將剝層后的單層層板材料在三氯甲烷溶液中混合,三氯甲烷溶液蒸發(fā)則兩者的單層層板可以交替性的自組裝在一起,形成水滑石—蒙脫土層板交替結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)合新型材料。通過(guò)XRD、紅外光譜吸收、掃描電鏡、高分辨透射電鏡對(duì)這種復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行表征,其中MMT-CTAB與LDHS-SDS形成的復(fù)合材料通過(guò)XRD分析,小角衍射峰出現(xiàn)在2.20°,對(duì)應(yīng)的層板間距為4.01nm,而MMT-1827與LDHS-SDS形成的復(fù)合材料衍射峰出現(xiàn)在1.99°,對(duì)應(yīng)的層板間距為4.43nm,復(fù)合材料的合成效果要明顯好于前一種方法,400℃條件煅燒后仍能保持層板結(jié)構(gòu),在催化亞麻籽油甲酯化的過(guò)程中有著較好的催化作用。這種制備方法也可以推廣到其它具有雙層層板結(jié)構(gòu)的材料上,制備得到的新材料會(huì)具有更為優(yōu)良的性能,用于更多的領(lǐng)域,具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Both hydrotalcite and montmorillonite are two-dimensional layered structures and are easy to obtain. At present, good progress has been made in the research and application of both. They are structurally similar, but the charges carried between the laminates and the layers are completely opposite. These properties make the hydrotalcite, Montmorillonite assembled into a composite material became a reality. In this paper, the modified hydrotalcite and montmorillonite with suitable surfactant intercalation were studied, and the optimum reaction conditions of modified montmorillonite with different surfactants were explored. The interlayer spacing of modified hydrotalcite and montmorillonite increased obviously. It is proved that the longer the chain length of surfactant is, the larger the spacing of the laminates is, and then the modified hydrotalcite and montmorillonite are treated by stripping the modified hydrotalcite and montmorillonite respectively under the action of trichloromethane solution. The delaminated monolayer laminates were mixed in chloroform solution and the two monolayer laminates could be alternately self-assembled to form a new composite material with the alternating structure of hydrotalcite and montmorillonite when the chloroform solution evaporated. The composites were characterized by XRD, IR, SEM and HRTEM. The composites formed by MMT-CTAB and LDHS-SDS were analyzed by XRD. The small angle diffraction peak appeared at 2.20 擄, the corresponding laminate spacing was 4.01 nm, while the diffraction peak of MMT-1827 / LDHS-SDS composite appeared at 1.99 擄and the corresponding laminate spacing was 4.43 nm. The synthesis effect of the composite was better than that of the former method at 400 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1938570