本文選題：水滑石 + 丙酮處理　； 參考：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：層狀雙金屬氫氧化物(簡稱水滑石或LDHs)是一類新型無機(jī)二維納米材料,在阻燃抑煙、PVC熱穩(wěn)定劑、紅外吸收、紫外阻隔、催化、電化學(xué)儲(chǔ)能等領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)取得了工業(yè)化應(yīng)用或表現(xiàn)出很好的應(yīng)用前景。普通水滑石(Normal LDHs,簡稱N-LDHs)比表面積較小,大約為10～50 m2/g,一定程度上限制了水滑石及水滑石基復(fù)合材料的應(yīng)用,尤其是在催化、吸附、電化學(xué)儲(chǔ)能等領(lǐng)域。本論文采用有機(jī)溶劑丙酮處理(Acetone Treatment,簡稱AT)的方法,制備四種水滑石AT-Mg2Al-CO3-LDHs、AT-Ni2Al-CO3-LDHs、 AT-Zn2Al-CO3-LDHs和AT-Mg3Al-CO3-LDHs,通過優(yōu)化制備條件,其最大比表面積分別為123.5 m2/g、254.7 m2/g、54.5 m2/g和195.0 m2/g,考慮到AT-Mg3Al-CO3-LDHs的低成本及低毒性,且不會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生二次污染等優(yōu)點(diǎn),故本論文研究了AT-Mg3Al-LDHs的焙燒產(chǎn)物AT-Mg3Al-LDO對(duì)不同濃度重鉻酸鉀(K2Cr207)溶液中重金屬鉻Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能,通過ICP-AES表征技術(shù),測(cè)得其吸附容量可達(dá)到55.91mg/g,約180 min可達(dá)吸附平衡,吸附容量是普通水滑石焙燒產(chǎn)物(簡稱N-LDO)吸附容量(23.71 mg/g)的～2.4倍,吸附平衡時(shí)間為N-LDO(1080 min)的1/6,吸附效率顯著提升。進(jìn)一步研究了丙酮處理法的工程技術(shù)問題,將高比表面積AT-Mg3Al-CO3-LDHs的制備進(jìn)行了放大,通過中型反應(yīng)釜裝置、陶瓷膜等中試設(shè)備,實(shí)現(xiàn)了高比表面積水滑石材料的宏量制備,成功制備約2.7 Kg高比表面積AT-Mg3Al-CO3-LDHs,并對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行了一系列表征,從XRD、SEM表征結(jié)果可以看出與小試實(shí)驗(yàn)所制備的高比表面積水滑石結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌保持一致,BET表征證明AT-Mg3Al-CO3-LDHs存在豐富的介孔結(jié)構(gòu),比表面積達(dá)到174.5 m2/g,為高比表面積水滑石材料的工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)提供了實(shí)踐探索。
[Abstract]:Layered bimetallic hydroxides (short for hydrotalcite or LDHs) are a new kind of inorganic two-dimensional nano-materials, which are used as flame retardant and smoke suppressant for PVC heat stabilizer, infrared absorption, ultraviolet barrier, catalysis, etc. Electrochemical energy storage and other fields have been industrialized applications or show good application prospects. The specific surface area of normal LDHs (N-LDHs) is small, about 1050m2 / g, which limits the application of hydrotalcite and hydrotalcite matrix composites, especially in the fields of catalysis, adsorption, electrochemical energy storage and so on. In this paper, four kinds of hydrotalcite AT-Mg2Al-CO3-LDHs, AT-Zn2Al-CO3-LDHs and AT-Mg3Al-CO3-LDHswere prepared by using organic solvent acetone treatment method. The maximum specific surface area of AT-Mg2Al-CO3-LDHswas 123.5 m2g254.7 m2g54.5m2g and 195.0 m2grespectively, considering the low cost and low toxicity of AT-Mg3Al-CO3-LDHs. Therefore, the adsorption properties of AT-Mg3Al-LDO, a roasting product of AT-Mg3Al-LDHs, for heavy metal Cr (鈪，

本文編號(hào)：1916483