本文選題：超聲激勵(lì) + 光纖光柵�。� 參考：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)和工業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展,各種各樣的材料在各個(gè)行業(yè)受到廣泛的使用,材料的結(jié)構(gòu)和質(zhì)量越來越受到重視,因此對于材料結(jié)構(gòu)的實(shí)時(shí)健康監(jiān)測具有重大的意義。本文將聲波技術(shù)和光纖光柵傳感技術(shù)相結(jié)合起來,對復(fù)合材料板進(jìn)行損傷探測可行性研究。以復(fù)合材料板為研究對象,建立了超聲波材料損傷檢測系統(tǒng)和光纖光柵信號解調(diào)系統(tǒng)。文章將理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合研究了復(fù)合材料板在超聲波激勵(lì)作用下,用光纖光柵進(jìn)行接收的損傷探測。首先敘述了材料板損傷檢測的研究意義,并對當(dāng)前光聲相結(jié)合技術(shù)檢測材料損傷的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀做了調(diào)研。其次,對超聲波理論知識(shí)進(jìn)行了簡要分析,說明了超聲波信號在材料板中的傳播特性,對實(shí)驗(yàn)中的超聲波入射方式做了探討。接著,研究了光纖光柵的結(jié)構(gòu)和傳感理論,對超聲波引起的光纖光柵的應(yīng)變進(jìn)行了研究分析,并對超聲波軸向作用于光纖光柵時(shí)的超聲波反射譜偏移做了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究分析;然后對應(yīng)變波在光纖光柵中的傳播特性進(jìn)行了理論說明,研究分析了光纖光柵粘貼工藝、光纖光柵的長度和光纖光柵布設(shè)如何選取和優(yōu)化才能使光纖光柵最大限度的響應(yīng)超聲波信號。之后,利用超聲激勵(lì)-FBG接收的FBG波長解調(diào)方法及系統(tǒng)對復(fù)合材料的損傷進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究分析,詳細(xì)闡述了當(dāng)前常用的幾種光纖光柵解調(diào)方法,闡述了各個(gè)解調(diào)方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),對匹配光柵解調(diào)方法和激光匹配解調(diào)方法做了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,將這兩種系統(tǒng)運(yùn)用于超聲波信號的測量,對采集到的信號進(jìn)行了對比分析,對比了兩種超聲波解調(diào)系統(tǒng)的靈敏度和解調(diào)速度,驗(yàn)證了光聲結(jié)合方法對于材料損傷檢測的可行性。最后,搭建了超聲激勵(lì)-光纖光柵測試系統(tǒng),用超聲波信號作為超聲激勵(lì),水為傳播介質(zhì)將超聲波信號傳播到復(fù)合材料板上,分別用無損復(fù)合材料板和有損復(fù)合材料板進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)對比研究,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,可以初步判斷復(fù)合材料板中的缺陷存在。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern science and industry, all kinds of materials are widely used in various industries, and the structure and quality of materials are paid more and more attention, so it is of great significance to real-time health monitoring of material structures. In this paper, acoustic wave technology and fiber grating sensing technology are combined to study the feasibility of damage detection of composite plate. The ultrasonic material damage detection system and fiber grating signal demodulation system are established. In this paper, the theory and experiment are combined to study the damage detection of composite plate with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) under ultrasonic excitation. Firstly, the significance of damage detection of material plate is described, and the current research status of photoacoustic damage detection at home and abroad is investigated. Secondly, the theoretical knowledge of ultrasonic wave is briefly analyzed, the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic signal in material plate are explained, and the mode of ultrasonic incidence in experiment is discussed. Secondly, the structure and sensing theory of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) are studied, and the strain of FBG caused by ultrasonic wave is analyzed, and the ultrasonic reflection spectrum offset caused by ultrasonic axial action on FBG is analyzed experimentally. Then, the propagation characteristics of strain wave in FBG are explained theoretically, and the bonding technology of FBG is studied and analyzed. The length of fiber grating and how to select and optimize the arrangement of fiber grating can make the fiber grating respond to ultrasonic signal to the maximum extent. After that, the damage of composite material is analyzed experimentally by using the FBG wavelength demodulation method and the system, and several commonly used demodulation methods of fiber Bragg grating are described in detail, and the advantages and disadvantages of each demodulation method are expounded. The methods of matching grating demodulation and laser matching demodulation are studied experimentally. The two systems are applied to the measurement of ultrasonic signal, and the collected signals are compared and analyzed. The sensitivity and demodulation speed of two ultrasonic demodulation systems are compared, and the feasibility of photoacoustic method for material damage detection is verified. Finally, the ultrasonic excitation-fiber Bragg grating testing system is built. The ultrasonic signal is used as the ultrasonic excitation, and the ultrasonic signal is propagated on the composite plate with water as the transmission medium. The experimental results show that the defects in the composite plate can be preliminarily judged by comparing the results of the experiments with that of the lossless composite plate and the lossy composite plate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB302.5

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