本文選題：碳纖維復合材料層合板 + 落錘沖擊��； 參考：《東華大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：節(jié)能環(huán)保和安全舒適是汽車工業(yè)未來發(fā)展的趨勢。為了減輕汽車質量，減少油耗和環(huán)境污染，碳纖維增強樹脂基復合材料越來越受到關注。碳纖維復合材料具有輕質高強、可設計性強、耐沖擊等優(yōu)點，并擁有良好的減震性能和較長的使用壽命，因此已經(jīng)作為卡車、客車、轎車的外覆蓋件和結構件應用于汽車工業(yè)。層合板是復合材料應用最廣泛的結構之一，在制造、安裝、維修和使用的過程中，層合板結構不可避免地會受到外部沖擊，并受到損傷甚至破壞，特別是應用于汽車發(fā)動機罩上時，按照相關行人保護法規(guī)的規(guī)定，還需要滿足保護行人頭部的性能要求。因此，對碳纖維增強樹脂基復合材料層合板的沖擊性能和損傷破壞開展研究具有重要的理論意義，同時，探究層合板結構用于發(fā)動機罩時對行人頭部的保護性能具有一定的工程價值�；谝陨夏康模疚闹饕M行了以下幾方面的研究： （1）設計了[0]10、[0/90/0/90/0]s和[0/90/45/-45/0]s三種不同鋪層方式的層合板，根據(jù)經(jīng)典層合板理論，推導了單層板和層合板的本構關系，并計算了不同鋪層方式下的層合板剛度矩陣。 （2）采用熱壓成型工藝制作了如上所述三種鋪層方式的層合板，按照ASTM D7136/D7136M-12試驗標準制成[0]10、[90]10、[0/90/0/90/0]s、[90/0/90/0/90]s、[0/90/45/-45/0]s、[90/0/-45/45/90]s六種試樣，并對每種試樣開展了5J和25J兩種不同沖擊能量下的落錘沖擊試驗。通過分析沖擊過程中的沖擊力、沖頭位移、能量和沖擊損傷情況，建立了沖擊響應與沖擊損傷之間的聯(lián)系，并指出不同沖擊能量和不同鋪層方式下對于沖擊響應和沖擊損傷的影響。 （3）利用ABAQUS建立了復合材料層合板落錘沖擊二維殼體有限元模型，，運用Hashin累積損傷與失效法則來模擬層合板的漸進失效。通過對比落錘沖擊試驗數(shù)據(jù)，驗證所建模型基本有效，并借助纖維拉伸、纖維壓縮、樹脂拉伸或剪切、樹脂壓縮四個損傷變量進一步分析損傷發(fā)生的位置和損傷原因。 （4）利用ABAQUS建立了成人頭部沖擊器撞擊復合材料層合板的有限元模型，并使用工程分析軟件DIAdem計算頭部損傷指標HIC值。分析了HIC值與撞擊時長、最大侵入量和吸收能量的關系，并討論了不同鋪層方式對HIC值的影響。
[Abstract]:Energy saving, environmental protection and safety and comfort are the future development trend of automobile industry. In order to reduce automobile quality, fuel consumption and environmental pollution, carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites have attracted more and more attention. Carbon fiber composites (CFRP) have many advantages, such as light weight and high strength, strong designability, impact resistance and so on, and have good shock absorption performance and long service life. Therefore, carbon fiber composites have been used as outer panels and structural parts of trucks, passenger cars and passenger cars in automobile industry. Laminated plate is one of the most widely used structures in composite materials. In the process of manufacture, installation, maintenance and use, laminated plate structure will inevitably be subjected to external impact, and be damaged or even destroyed. Especially when applied to the automobile engine hood, according to the relevant regulations of pedestrian protection, it is also necessary to meet the performance requirements of the protection of the pedestrian head. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance to study the impact properties and damage failure of carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite laminates. It has certain engineering value to explore the protective performance of laminated structure for the head of pedestrian when used in engine hood. Based on the above purposes, this paper mainly carried out the following aspects of research: In this paper, three kinds of laminates with different layering modes [0] 10, [0 / 90 / 0 / 90 / 0] s and [0 / 90 / 45 / -45] s are designed. According to the classical laminated plate theory, the constitutive relations between single layer plate and laminated plate are derived, and the stiffness matrix of laminated plate under different layering modes is calculated. (2) using the hot pressing process, we made laminated plates of the three kinds of layering described above, and made them into [0] 10, [90] 10, [0 / 90 / 90 / 0] s, [90 / 90 / 90 / 90] s, [90 / 90 / 45 / 0] s, [90 / 90% -45 / 45] s, according to the ASTM D7136/D7136M-12 test standard, and carried out a 5J and 25J hammer impact test on each sample. By analyzing the impact force, punch displacement, energy and impact damage, the relationship between impact response and impact damage is established. The effects of different impact energy and different layering modes on shock response and damage are also pointed out. (3) the finite element model of composite laminated plate with drop hammer impact is established by using ABAQUS. The cumulative damage and failure rule of Hashin is used to simulate the progressive failure of laminated plate. By comparing the impact test data of drop weight, it is proved that the model is basically effective, and the location and cause of damage are further analyzed with the help of four damage variables: fiber stretching, fiber compression, resin drawing or shearing, and resin compression. (4) the finite element model of adult head impact composite laminated plate is established by using ABAQUS, and the HIC value of head damage index is calculated by using the engineering analysis software DIAdem. The relationship between HIC value and impact time, maximum invasion amount and absorbed energy is analyzed, and the influence of different layering modes on HIC value is discussed.
【學位授予單位】：東華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ342.742;TB332

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