發(fā)布時間：2018-05-14 04:24

  本文選題：氧化鋅納米線圈 + 壓電特性　； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著微電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展,人們對納米材料的需求越來越多。如今納米科技的研究已經(jīng)不僅僅限于對納米材料的基本物理化學(xué)性質(zhì)的研究,更多的是制備一些獨特的納米結(jié)構(gòu),利用這些納米材料表現(xiàn)出的不同于體材料的力學(xué)、電學(xué)、光學(xué)等性質(zhì)以及獨特的納米結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)建各種納米電子器件和光電子器件,并將其應(yīng)用于生物醫(yī)學(xué)、信息技術(shù)等領(lǐng)域,給我們的生活帶來了極大的便利。氧化鋅納米材料由于其優(yōu)異的光學(xué)、電學(xué)、力學(xué)性質(zhì)而受到廣泛關(guān)注。氧化鋅不僅具有半導(dǎo)體和光激發(fā)等性質(zhì),作為纖鋅礦結(jié)構(gòu)的材料它也具有壓電性質(zhì)。由于納米線具有比薄膜更加優(yōu)異的力學(xué)性能,氧化鋅納米線成為研究壓電電子學(xué)和壓電光電子學(xué)最常用的材料結(jié)構(gòu),被用來制備壓電納米發(fā)電機。結(jié)合氧化鋅本身的壓電特性和納米線圈的螺旋結(jié)構(gòu),氧化鋅納米線圈可能也具有優(yōu)異的壓電性能。氧化鋅納米結(jié)構(gòu)的制備方法有很多,常用的為液相法、磁控濺射法。然而磁控濺射法一般用來獲得氧化鋅薄膜,很難實現(xiàn)納米線圈的制備。本論文將采用模板法制備氧化鋅納米線圈。以化學(xué)氣相沉積法制備得到的碳納米線圈為模板,利用磁控濺射法在碳納米線圈表面形成一層氧化鋅晶體結(jié)構(gòu),然后在高溫下燒掉碳結(jié)構(gòu),則剩下氧化鋅納米線圈。氧化鋅納米線具有比薄膜材料更優(yōu)異的壓電特性,可用于壓電電子學(xué)和壓電光電子學(xué)器件,也是制備納米發(fā)電機的優(yōu)良材料。因此,通常研究納米氧化鋅的壓電特性時都是采用納米線或納米棒結(jié)構(gòu)。但是由氧化鋅納米線構(gòu)成的壓電納米發(fā)電機只能產(chǎn)生毫伏量級的電壓,發(fā)電效率也不高。本論文將對氧化鋅納米線圈的壓電特性進行研究。利用Comsol Multiphysics軟件可對多物理場進行分析的特點模擬了幾種氧化鋅納米結(jié)構(gòu)在發(fā)生形變時的應(yīng)變、電勢分布情況。通過分析得出,氧化鋅螺旋殼結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生拉伸形變后,其殼內(nèi)外會產(chǎn)生一個電勢差,而螺旋表面的各個部分由于發(fā)生的形變不同,在一個螺距內(nèi),電勢分布并不均勻；而在整個螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)中,電勢分布呈現(xiàn)周期性變化。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of microelectronic technology, the demand for nanomaterials is increasing. Nowadays, the research of nanotechnology is not only about the basic physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials, but also about the preparation of some unique nanostructures, which are different from the mechanical and electrical properties of bulk materials. Many kinds of nano-electronic devices and optoelectronic devices are constructed with optical properties and unique nanostructures, and applied in biomedicine, information technology and other fields, which bring great convenience to our life. Zinc oxide nanomaterials have attracted wide attention due to their excellent optical, electrical and mechanical properties. Zinc oxide not only has semiconductor and photoexcitation properties, but also has piezoelectric properties as wurtzite structure material. Because nanowires have better mechanical properties than thin films, ZnO nanowires have become the most commonly used materials in piezoelectric electronics and piezoelectric optoelectronics, and have been used to fabricate piezoelectric nano-generators. Combined with the piezoelectric properties of zinc oxide and the helical structure of the nanocoils, the ZnO nanocoils may also have excellent piezoelectric properties. There are many preparation methods of ZnO nanostructures, such as liquid phase method and magnetron sputtering method. However, the magnetron sputtering method is generally used to obtain ZnO thin films, it is difficult to achieve the preparation of nanocoils. In this thesis, ZnO nanocoils are prepared by template method. Using the carbon nanocoils prepared by chemical vapor deposition as template, a layer of zinc oxide crystal structure was formed on the surface of carbon nanocoils by magnetron sputtering method. Then the carbon structure was burned off at high temperature, and then the ZnO nanocoils were left. Zinc oxide nanowires have more excellent piezoelectric properties than thin film materials and can be used in piezoelectric electronics and piezoelectric optoelectronics devices. Therefore, nanowires or nanorods are usually used to study the piezoelectric properties of ZnO nanoparticles. However, piezoelectric nanometers made of ZnO nanowires can only produce voltages of millivolts and low generation efficiency. In this paper, the piezoelectric properties of zinc oxide nanocoils are studied. The strain and potential distribution of several ZnO nanostructures during deformation were simulated by using Comsol Multiphysics software to analyze the multi-physical fields. Through analysis, it is concluded that after the structure of zinc oxide spiral shell has tensile deformation, there will be a potential difference inside and outside the shell, and the potential distribution of each part of the spiral surface is not uniform in a pitch because of the different deformation. In the whole helical structure, the potential distribution changes periodically.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.1;TQ132.41

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