發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-12 10:54

  本文選題：納米白炭黑 + 表面活性劑��； 參考：《遼寧科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：納米白炭黑是一種無機(jī)非金屬材料,被廣泛應(yīng)用在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。但其粒徑小且表面含有大量的硅羥基,表面能較高,使其處于一種非穩(wěn)定的熱力學(xué)狀態(tài),容易產(chǎn)生團(tuán)聚從而影響其應(yīng)用性能。由于納米白炭黑具有很高的化學(xué)反應(yīng)活性,利用這一性質(zhì)可以使用不同物質(zhì)對(duì)其表面進(jìn)行化學(xué)修飾,以改善它的表面性能,使其在有機(jī)材料中得到更好的應(yīng)用。本論文首先采用不同類型表面活性劑改性納米白炭黑,確定十六烷基三甲基溴化銨(CTMAB)為改性最佳表面活性劑。進(jìn)一步探究了CTMAB用量、反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、攪拌速度對(duì)改性效果的影響。采用正交試驗(yàn)優(yōu)化法確定最佳條件為:表面活性劑用量4%,反應(yīng)溫度55℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間60min,攪拌速度375r/min。改性后納米白炭黑的鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)吸收值由2.47m L/g增加到2.76m L/g,疏水率由11.62%增加到19.80%。由于單純使用表面活性劑改性效果比較有限,本論文采用不同硅烷偶聯(lián)劑協(xié)同改性納米白炭黑,確定十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷(CG1631)為改性最佳硅烷偶聯(lián)劑。利用電導(dǎo)率法在線監(jiān)測(cè)CG1631的水解情況,探討了水解方式、水解溶劑、水解溶劑pH、水解溶劑醇水體積比、水解反應(yīng)溫度對(duì)其水解程度的影響。確定最佳水解條件為:水解方式為正水解、水解溶劑為乙醇和水,水解溶劑pH為4,水解溶劑醇水體積比為1:1,水解反應(yīng)溫度為25℃。將該條件下水解后的CG1631作為協(xié)同改性劑添加到納米白炭黑的制備過程中,研究了硅烷偶聯(lián)劑用量、反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、滴加時(shí)間對(duì)改性效果的影響。采用響應(yīng)面優(yōu)化法確定最佳改性條件為:CG1631用量9.31%,反應(yīng)溫度93.28℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間2.18h,滴加時(shí)間20min。在該協(xié)同改性條件下,納米白炭黑的DBP吸收值達(dá)到3.85m L/g。本文將協(xié)同改性后的納米白炭黑添加到聚丙烯酸酯乳液中,制得復(fù)合涂膜。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,改性納米白炭黑可以增強(qiáng)聚丙烯酸酯涂膜的抗紫外性能,使得聚丙烯酸酯涂膜在240nm-350nm波段紫外吸收能力增大,在最大吸收波長(zhǎng)276nm下的吸光度由0.47增加到3.86,且改性后納米白炭黑在有機(jī)基體中的分散性明顯增強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:Nano-silica is an inorganic non-metallic material, which is widely used in various fields. However, its particle size is small, its surface contains a lot of silicon hydroxyl groups, and its surface energy is high, which makes it in an unstable thermodynamic state, and it is easy to be agglomerated, thus affecting its application performance. Because of its high chemical reaction activity, Nano-silica can be chemically modified by different substances to improve its surface properties and make it better used in organic materials. In this paper, different surfactants were first used to modify nano-silica and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) was chosen as the best surface active agent. The effects of CTMAB dosage, reaction temperature, reaction time and stirring speed on the modification effect were further investigated. The optimum conditions were determined by orthogonal test: surfactant dosage 4, reaction temperature 55 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1878349