本文選題：聚丙烯腈 + BaTiO_3　； 參考：《天津工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：聚丙烯腈作為一種廣泛應用于過濾、吸附及復合材料等方面的聚合物,具有良好的耐氣候性和耐化學試劑性。此外,其較高的偶極矩(3.5D)具備用作聚合物壓電材料的潛質(zhì)。因此本文選用PAN為原料并對其壓電性能進行研究。本文通過靜電紡絲技術,首先利用平板接收裝置制備了雜亂無序的PAN和聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)電紡膜,在同樣的測試條件下對比得出了兩者在輸出電壓、介電常數(shù)、介電損耗的優(yōu)劣勢。同時,通過改變PAN紡絲濃度和電紡膜熱處理時間,制備了不同的PAN電紡膜樣品,對其輸出電壓、介電常數(shù)、介電損耗、FTIR、XRD進行測試,研究了 PAN的壓電性能以及構象對PAN壓電性能的影響;其次,通過改變接收裝置,采用輥筒接收制備了有序取向的PAN電紡膜,通過測試其輸出電壓、FTIR、XRD研究了輥筒轉(zhuǎn)速和熱處理方式對PAN構象及其壓電性能的影響;最后,利用硅烷偶聯(lián)劑(KH550)對鈦酸鋇(BaTiO_3)納米粒子進行表面改性,將改性后的BaTiO_3與PAN混溶于DMF中,再利用平板接收裝置制備了雜亂無序的PAN/BaTiO_3電紡膜。通過測試輸出電壓、介電常數(shù)、介電損耗、FTIR、XRD等研究了 PAN/BaTiO_3電紡膜的壓電性能以及BaTiO_3納米粒子對PAN構象的影響。(1)與PVDF電紡膜相比,PAN電紡膜的輸出電壓是PVDF的三分之一,介電常數(shù)是PVDF的七分之一,介電損耗卻不到PVDF的二十分之一,說明PAN可彌補PVDF較高的介電損耗導致應用領域的缺憾。12wt.%的PAN電紡膜在140℃溫度下松弛熱處理5h具有最大的平面鋸齒構象含量,其壓電性能最佳。(2)通過改變輥筒轉(zhuǎn)速,可制備有序取向的PAN電紡膜,且在轉(zhuǎn)速為1200r/min時得到取向最好的PAN電紡膜。輥筒轉(zhuǎn)速對PAN纖維的拉伸作用可促進31螺旋構象轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槠矫驿忼X構象,且在轉(zhuǎn)速為1200r/min時得到平面鋸齒構象最多的PAN電紡膜,使得其壓電性能最佳。定長熱處理可以在輥筒對PAN纖維拉伸作用基礎上進一步對其進行拉伸,促進31螺旋構象轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槠矫驿忼X構象,使得定長熱處理后,轉(zhuǎn)速為1200r/min時PAN電紡膜壓電性能更佳。而松弛熱處理會促使平面鋸齒構象向31螺旋構象的轉(zhuǎn)變,使得其壓電性能變差。(3)用硅烷偶聯(lián)劑(KH550)處理后,BaTiO_3可均勻地分散在PAN納米纖維內(nèi)。與純PAN電紡膜相比,當BaTiO_3含量為12.5%時 PAN/BaTiO_3電紡膜的輸出電壓提高了 300%,介電常數(shù)提高了 300%,而介電損耗卻降低了67%。FTIR與XRD測試結果顯示,BaTiO_3的加入可促進PAN從31螺旋構象向平面鋸齒構象的轉(zhuǎn)變,從而提高PAN壓電性能。
[Abstract]:Polyacrylonitrile is a kind of polymer widely used in filtration, adsorption and composite materials, which has good weather resistance and chemical reagent resistance. In addition, its higher dipole moment 3.5D) has the potential to be used as a polymer piezoelectric material. Therefore, the piezoelectric properties of PAN are studied in this paper. In this paper, the disordered PAN and PVDF electrospun films were prepared by using the flat plate receiving device. Under the same test conditions, the advantages and disadvantages of the two films in the output voltage, dielectric constant and dielectric loss were obtained. At the same time, by changing the spinning concentration of PAN and the heat treatment time of electrospun film, different samples of PAN electrospun film were prepared. The output voltage, dielectric constant and dielectric loss of PAN electrospun film were measured. The piezoelectric properties of PAN and the effect of conformation on the piezoelectric properties of PAN were studied. Secondly, the ordered orientation PAN electrospun film was prepared by changing the receiving device. The effects of roll speed and heat treatment on the conformation and piezoelectric properties of PAN were studied by measuring its output voltage. Finally, the surface modification of barium titanate BaTiO3) nanoparticles was carried out by using silane coupling agent KH 550. The modified BaTiO_3 and PAN were mixed and dissolved in DMF, and then the disordered PAN/BaTiO_3 electrospun film was prepared by the flat plate receiving device. The piezoelectric properties of PAN/BaTiO_3 electrospun film and the effect of BaTiO_3 nanoparticles on the conformation of PAN were investigated by measuring the output voltage, dielectric constant, dielectric loss and the effect of BaTiO_3 nanoparticles on the conformation of PAN. The dielectric constant is 1/7 of PVDF, but the dielectric loss is less than 1/20 of PVDF. The results show that PAN can make up for the defect of PVDF due to the high dielectric loss. The 12wt.% PAN electrospun film has the largest plane sawtooth conformation content at 140 鈩，

本文編號：1863348