本文選題：納米材料 + 氧化鋅�。� 參考：《北京郵電大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：氧化鋅(ZnO)的激子束縛能(約60mV)相對其它半導體材料非常高,因此它在傳感器領域,光催化領域,聲波器件領域等眾多領域都有著重要應用,是目前的研究熱點之一。人們對ZnO研究非常廣泛,結果也非常豐富。截至目前,ZnO既有簡單的如納米顆粒,納米線,納米棒,納米管,也有復雜的ZnO體結構材料。這些豐富的ZnO納米結構,為ZnO的應用提供了很好地基礎。 本文采用低溫液相法制備花狀中間體氧化鋅氫氟(ZnOHF),然后在400℃下退火2h后轉化為相同形貌的ZnO晶體。按照上述方法制備出ZnO后,接著我們將對ZnOHF晶體的研究,向前推進了一步。我們采用了包括X射線衍射儀(XRD)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)和光致發(fā)光譜(PL)等儀器設備對ZnOHF的性能進行了測試,對ZnOHF的物相和微觀形貌進行了表征。根據(jù)這些實驗數(shù)據(jù),我們對ZnO納米材料的自生長的物理原理進行了深入分析。結果表明：在制備過程中有棒狀ZnOHF出現(xiàn),其均長約為3μm。退火后獲得的ZnO樣品的SEM形貌與ZnOHF納米花一致,說明在400度的高溫下煅燒,并不會改變納米花的形貌。不過由于在煅燒過程中,中間體ZnOHF納米結構會釋放HF氣體,所以可以觀察到退火后的ZnO納米花表面有許多缺陷。退火后我們采用TEM分析法對獲得的帶狀ZnO進行了測量分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)它展現(xiàn)出多晶結構。隨后,我們采用PL譜分析法進行試驗,試驗中采用的激發(fā)光為325nm的紫色激發(fā)光。觀察獲得的譜線,在382nm和540nm處分別獲得了一個很強的近紫外峰和較弱黃光發(fā)射峰。通過對譜線的分析,我們可以知道382nm處的強近紫外峰是ZnO的本證發(fā)光峰,而540nm處的弱黃光發(fā)射峰說明我們制備的ZnO納米花的氧和鋅分布均勻,性能較好的ZnO晶體。隨后我們將討論ZnO納米材料在自然光照下對污染物降解類型的光催化的影響,這是本文的重要議題,這個議題也在環(huán)境保護方面有著很好的實際意義。本文結合以前的研究成果,簡述了合成納米片,納米球和多孔微米球的方法,并對其可能的在光催化領域的應用做了說明。
[Abstract]:The exciton binding energy (about 60mV) of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is very high relative to other semiconductor materials, so it has important applications in many fields, such as sensor field, photocatalytic field, acoustic wave device field and so on. It is one of the hotspots in the field of research. The research of ZnO is very extensive and the results are very rich. So far, ZnO has a simple like Rice particles, nanowires, nanorods and nanotubes also have complex ZnO structure materials. These rich ZnO nanostructures provide a good foundation for the application of ZnO.
In this paper, a low temperature liquid phase method was used to prepare the flower like intermediate Zinc Oxide hydrogen fluoride (ZnOHF), then annealed at 400 C for 2h and converted into the same morphology of the ZnO crystal. After the preparation of ZnO according to the above method, we will study the ZnOHF crystal and push forward one step forward. We have adopted the X ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), The properties of ZnOHF were tested by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The physical and microscopic morphology of ZnOHF were characterized. According to these experimental data, the physical principle of self growth of ZnO nanomaterials was deeply analyzed. The results showed that there were rod like ZnOHF in the preparation process. The SEM morphology of ZnO samples obtained after 3 u M. annealing is the same as that of ZnOHF nanoscale, indicating that calcining at 400 degrees does not change the morphology of the nanoscale flower. However, the intermediate ZnOHF nanostructure releases HF gas during the calcination process, so it can be observed that there are many defects on the surface of the ZnO nanoscale after the annealing. We measured and analyzed the obtained band ZnO by TEM analysis. It was found that it showed a polycrystalline structure. Then, we used PL spectral analysis to test the excitation light of 325nm. The obtained spectral lines were observed, and a very strong near UV peak and weak Huang Guangfa were obtained at 382nm and 540nm respectively. Through the analysis of the spectral lines, we can know that the strong near UV peak at 382nm is the peak of the ZnO, and the weak yellow light emission peak at 540nm shows that the oxygen and zinc distribution of the ZnO nanoscale is uniform and the ZnO crystal has better performance. Then we will discuss the degradation types of ZnO nano materials under natural light. The influence of photocatalysis is an important issue in this paper, and this topic is also of great practical significance in environmental protection. In this paper, the methods of synthesizing nanoscale, nanospheres and porous microspheres are briefly described in this paper, and the possible applications in the field of photocatalysis are described.

【學位授予單位】：北京郵電大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.1;O614.241

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 劉暢,暴寧鐘,楊祝紅,陸小華;過渡金屬離子摻雜改性TiO_2的光催化性能研究進展[J];催化學報;2001年02期

，

本文編號：1805658