發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-25 23:24

  本文選題：導(dǎo)電高分子復(fù)合材料 + 裂紋-褶皺結(jié)構(gòu)　； 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：導(dǎo)電高分子復(fù)合材料(Conductive polymer composites,CPCs)是由導(dǎo)電填料填充高分子材料基體復(fù)合制備而成。CPCs廣泛用于自控溫加熱材料、傳感器、電磁屏蔽、抗靜電材料等,引起了研究者的廣泛關(guān)注。CPCs在應(yīng)力、溫度、氣體、液體等外場(chǎng)的作用下,表現(xiàn)出豐富的響應(yīng)行為。其中,由于CPCs在拉伸應(yīng)力場(chǎng)中所表現(xiàn)出敏感的響應(yīng)行為,其在運(yùn)動(dòng)檢測(cè)裝置、可穿戴應(yīng)變傳感器、柔性電子皮膚等領(lǐng)域受到越來(lái)越廣泛的關(guān)注。雖然CPCs基應(yīng)力敏感材料擁有十分優(yōu)異的特性(如易加工、成本低等),但其性能仍有許多不足亟需解決,如CPCs在循環(huán)應(yīng)力場(chǎng)中出現(xiàn)的滯后效應(yīng)以及重復(fù)性差等,這極大的限制了CPCs的應(yīng)用空間。因此構(gòu)建新型的高分子材料結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)CPCs的性能進(jìn)行調(diào)控具有十分重要的意義。在柔性應(yīng)變傳感器領(lǐng)域,CPCs的響應(yīng)性能,如靈敏度、重復(fù)性等性能的調(diào)控至關(guān)重要。研究顯示,裂紋式應(yīng)變傳感器具有較高的響應(yīng)性能,但響應(yīng)范圍有限;褶皺式應(yīng)變傳感材料響應(yīng)穩(wěn)定性優(yōu)異,但靈敏度不高。本文設(shè)計(jì)了兼具裂紋-褶皺的微觀結(jié)構(gòu),基于兼具裂紋-褶皺的特殊結(jié)構(gòu),制備了GNPs/TPU/PDMS柔性力敏復(fù)合材料。這種新型的裂紋-褶皺結(jié)構(gòu)通過(guò)對(duì)材料進(jìn)行壓力拖曳產(chǎn)生。褶皺結(jié)構(gòu)在GNPs層中分布較均勻,裂紋在褶皺結(jié)構(gòu)上有所分布且與褶皺結(jié)構(gòu)取向方向相同。對(duì)應(yīng)變傳感器在拉伸作用下的電學(xué)性能的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),該傳感器的GF可達(dá)到150并在較大的應(yīng)變范圍(0%~20%)內(nèi)保持穩(wěn)定。通過(guò)材料的形貌分析,觀察到了復(fù)合材料受拉伸作用時(shí)裂紋的變化,基于裂紋擴(kuò)展及回復(fù)機(jī)制探討了裂紋開(kāi)閉對(duì)復(fù)合材料力敏響應(yīng)性能的影響。該傳感器能準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量小應(yīng)變(應(yīng)變0.1%),且響應(yīng)速度快(響應(yīng)時(shí)間90ms),重復(fù)性能優(yōu)異(循環(huán)次數(shù)20000)。同時(shí),由于兼具裂紋和褶皺的特殊微觀結(jié)構(gòu),該應(yīng)變傳感器能有效克服高分子復(fù)合材料的應(yīng)變響應(yīng)性能的滯后效應(yīng),表現(xiàn)出良好的力敏響應(yīng)穩(wěn)定性。研究了材料在可穿戴電子方面應(yīng)用,發(fā)現(xiàn)該傳感器能夠監(jiān)測(cè)多種人體運(yùn)動(dòng)所造成的寬幅的應(yīng)變變化,如關(guān)節(jié)彎曲、脈搏跳動(dòng)、聲帶振動(dòng)等等。這說(shuō)明該傳感器在人體健康監(jiān)測(cè)、電子皮膚和人體運(yùn)動(dòng)檢測(cè)領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。另一方面,我們分別將HDPE粉末、UHMWPE粉末和導(dǎo)電填料碳納米管CNTs在乙醇溶劑的輔助下進(jìn)行分散,后熱壓成型制備復(fù)合材料。并通過(guò)此過(guò)程使CNTs選擇性分布在HDPE和UHMWPE基體的界面,得到了具有隔離結(jié)構(gòu)的CNTs/HDPE/UHMWPE和CPCs。該制備方法綜合考慮了高分子形態(tài)控制和導(dǎo)電填料分布控制,顯著降低了CPCs的逾滲值(0.3wt.%)。導(dǎo)電填料的增加有效地提升了復(fù)合材料的電學(xué)和力學(xué)性能。詳細(xì)研究了隔離結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)電網(wǎng)絡(luò)及其演化對(duì)CNTs/HDPE/UHMWPE復(fù)合材料應(yīng)變-電阻行為的影響。在進(jìn)行循環(huán)拉伸測(cè)試時(shí),隨著循環(huán)次數(shù)增加,材料殘余應(yīng)變逐漸增加,而由于CNTs的一維特性影響,在拉伸的過(guò)程中一些CNTs沿拉伸方向重新取向,加之復(fù)合材料的粘彈性行為造成的滯后效應(yīng)的影響,CNTs在沿拉力方向上重新形成了更加完善的導(dǎo)電網(wǎng)絡(luò),復(fù)合材料的響應(yīng)度峰值逐漸降低。通過(guò)對(duì)CPCs力電性能的研究,總結(jié)出CPCs在應(yīng)力場(chǎng)作用下導(dǎo)電填料含量、拉伸速度等與材料應(yīng)力響應(yīng)行為之間的一系列關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:The conductive polymer composite (Conductive polymer composites, CPCs) is prepared by the composite of conductive fillers filled with polymer matrix, and.CPCs is widely used in the self-control temperature heating materials, sensors, electromagnetic shielding and antistatic materials, which have aroused the researchers' extensive attention to.CPCs in the external field of stress, temperature, gas, liquid and so on. It shows a rich response behavior. Among them, due to the sensitive response behavior of CPCs in the tensile stress field, it is becoming more and more widely concerned in the field of motion detection device, wearable strain sensor, flexible electronic skin, etc. Although the CPCs based stress sensitive material has very excellent characteristics (such as easy processing, low cost), However, there are still many shortcomings that need to be solved, such as the lag effect and the poor repeatability of CPCs in the cyclic stress field, which greatly restricts the application space of CPCs. Therefore, it is very important to construct a new structure of polymer materials to regulate the performance of CPCs. In the field of flexible strain sensor, the response of CPCs The performance, such as sensitivity and repeatability, is very important. The study shows that the crack strain sensor has high response performance, but the response range is limited; the response stability of the folded strain sensing material is excellent, but the sensitivity is not high. This paper designs a micro structure with a crack folds which is based on the special crack folds. Structure, the GNPs/TPU/PDMS flexible force sensitive composite is prepared. This new type of crack fold structure is produced by pressure drag on the material. The fold structure is distributed evenly in the GNPs layer, the crack is distributed in the fold structure and the direction of the fold structure is the same. The electrical properties of the strain sensor under the tensile action are studied. It is found that the GF of the sensor can reach 150 and keep stable in a larger strain range (0%~20%). Through the analysis of the morphology of the material, the change of the crack is observed when the composite is stretched, and the effect of the crack opening and closing on the response performance of the composite is discussed based on the crack propagation and recovery mechanism. Small strain (strain 0.1%), and rapid response (response time 90ms), excellent repeatability (20000). At the same time, because of the special microstructure of cracks and folds, the strain sensor can effectively overcome the lag effect of strain response of polymer composites and show good stability of the response to force sensitivity. In wearable electronics, it is found that the sensor can monitor the wide strain changes caused by a variety of human motion, such as joint bending, pulse beating, sound band vibration and so on. This shows that the sensor has wide application prospects in human health monitoring, electronic skin and human motion detection domain. On the other hand, we respectively The HDPE powder, the UHMWPE powder and the conductive filler carbon nanotube CNTs were dispersed with the aid of ethanol solvent, and then the composites were prepared by hot pressing. By this process, the CNTs was selectively distributed on the interface of HDPE and UHMWPE matrix, and the isolation structure of CNTs/HDPE/UHMWPE and CPCs. was obtained, and the polymer form was taken into consideration. State control and conductive filler distribution control significantly reduce the percolation value of CPCs (0.3wt.%). The increase of conductive filler increases the electrical and mechanical properties of the composite effectively. The effect of the conductive network on the isolation structure and its evolution on the strain resistance behavior of the CNTs/HDPE/UHMWPE composite is studied in detail. As the number of cycles increases, the residual strain of the material increases gradually, and because of the one-dimensional characteristics of CNTs, some CNTs reorientation along the tensile direction during the stretching process, and the effect of the hysteresis effect caused by the viscoelastic behavior of the composite, CNTs has reformed a more perfect conductive network along the direction of the tensile force, and the composite material is reformed. The peak of the response degree is gradually reduced. Through the study of the electrical and electrical properties of CPCs, a series of relationships between the content of the conductive filler and the tensile velocity and the stress response behavior of the material under the action of the stress field are summarized.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB332

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 趙俊慧;代坤;鄭國(guó)強(qiáng);張榮正;陳靜波;劉春太;申長(zhǎng)雨;;CPCs在應(yīng)力場(chǎng)下的性能演變及機(jī)理研究進(jìn)展[J];合成樹(shù)脂及塑料;2012年03期

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本文編號(hào)：1803466