本文選題：氧化石墨烯 + U(VI)　； 參考：《安徽建筑大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本論文以氧化石墨烯為原材料,制備出了三種吸附量高、便于分離、可重復(fù)利用的環(huán)境友好型吸附材料,并通過SEM、TEM、FTIR、XRD和Raman等手段對(duì)其微觀形貌及性能進(jìn)行了表征。同時(shí),研究了溶液pH值大小、吸附時(shí)間、初始濃度、反應(yīng)溫度等因素對(duì)鈾離子在吸附劑上吸附行為的影響,并對(duì)吸附機(jī)理進(jìn)行了分析。(1)磁性氧化石墨烯復(fù)合材料(MGO)的制備及其對(duì)U(VI)的吸附性能研究:以石墨為原材料,采用Hummers法制備氧化石墨烯(GO),然后在其表面包覆Fe_3O_4磁性納米粒子,從而合成磁性氧化石墨烯(MGO)復(fù)合材料。通過常見的表征手段對(duì)MGO的結(jié)構(gòu)和性能進(jìn)行表征并將其用于溶液中鈾離子的去除。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明吸附后的材料很容易通過小磁鐵分離出來,且Langmuir模型和準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)速率模型可以很好地描述吸附過程。溫度為298 K時(shí),根據(jù)Langmuir等溫式擬合出MGO復(fù)合材料對(duì)U(VI)的最大吸附能力為28.32 mg·g~(-1)。由溫度相關(guān)的等溫線計(jì)算出的熱力學(xué)參數(shù)(ΔG,ΔS,ΔH)表明MGO對(duì)U(VI)的吸附是自發(fā)和吸熱的過程。(2)氨基化磁性氧化石墨烯復(fù)合材料(AMGO)的制備及其對(duì)U(VI)的吸附性能研究:水熱法合成氨基化磁性氧化石墨烯(AMGO),探討U(VI)在AMGO上的吸附行為和機(jī)理研究。吸附過程可以在100分鐘內(nèi)達(dá)到吸附平衡,實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)遵循準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)速率模型。Langmuir模型比Freundlich模型可以更好地解釋U(VI)的吸附等溫線,且在298 K時(shí)AMGO對(duì)U(VI)的最大吸附能力是141.2 mg·g~(-1)。同時(shí),吸附機(jī)理表明AMGO對(duì)U(VI)的吸附過程主要是通過螯合或離子交換來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。(3)零價(jià)鐵-聚苯胺-石墨烯氣凝膠三元復(fù)合材料的制備及其對(duì)U(VI)的吸附性能研究:零價(jià)鐵-聚苯胺-石墨烯氣凝膠(Fe-PANI-GA)復(fù)合材料被成功制備并應(yīng)用于溶液中U(VI)的去除。批量實(shí)驗(yàn)表明:Fe-PANI-GA在pH=5.5下對(duì)U(VI)的最大吸附能力為350.47 mg·g~(-1)。準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)速率模型和朗格繆爾等溫模型可以很好地描述吸附過程和吸附等溫線。此外,在XRD、FTIR和XPS結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上研究Fe-PANI-GA對(duì)U(VI)的吸附機(jī)理,表明Fe-PANI-GA復(fù)合材料對(duì)U(VI)的吸附通過U(VI)的吸附和U(VI)的部分還原沉淀共同作用。
[Abstract]:In this paper, three kinds of environment-friendly adsorption materials with high adsorption capacity, easy separation and reusability were prepared by using graphene oxide as raw materials. The microcosmic morphology and properties of these materials were characterized by means of SEMTEM FTIR and Raman. At the same time, the effects of pH value, adsorption time, initial concentration and reaction temperature on the adsorption behavior of uranium on adsorbent were studied. The adsorption mechanism was analyzed. 1) the preparation of magnetic graphene oxide composite (MGO) and its adsorption properties to UVI: graphene oxide was prepared by Hummers method, and then coated with Fe_3O_4 magnetic nanoparticles on its surface. Thus, the magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) composite was synthesized. The structure and properties of MGO were characterized by common methods and used to remove uranium ions in solution. The experimental results show that the adsorbed materials are easily separated by small magnets, and the Langmuir model and the quasi-second-order kinetic rate model can well describe the adsorption process. When the temperature is 298K, according to the Langmuir isothermal equation, the maximum adsorption capacity of MGO composite to Uttrium isotherm is 28.32 mg / g ~ (-1) 路g ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The thermodynamic parameters (螖 G, 螖 S, 螖 H) calculated from the temperature dependent isotherms show that the adsorption of MGO on UVI is spontaneous and endothermic. The adsorption behavior and mechanism of aminated magnetic graphene oxide (AMGOO) on AMGO were investigated. The adsorption process can reach the adsorption equilibrium within 100 minutes. The experimental data follow the quasi-second-order kinetic rate model. Langmuir model can better explain the adsorption isotherm of AMGO than the Freundlich model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of AMGO to UVI is 141.2 mg / g ~ (-1) at 298K. At the same time, The adsorption mechanism shows that the adsorption process of AMGO on UVI is mainly realized by chelation or ion exchange. The preparation and adsorption properties of zero-valent iron-Polyaniline-graphene aerogel ternary composites are studied. Polyaniline-graphene aerogel Fe-PANI-GAA composites were successfully prepared and applied to the removal of UVI in solution. The results of batch experiments show that the maximum adsorption capacity of pH=5.5 for pH=5.5 is 350.47 mg / g ~ (-1) ~ (-1) 路g ~ (-1) 路mol ~ (-1) 路mol ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The quasi-second-order kinetic rate model and Langmuir isothermal model can well describe the adsorption process and adsorption isotherm. In addition, based on the results of Fe-PANI-GA FTIR and XPS, the adsorption mechanism of Fe-PANI-GA on UVI is studied. It is shown that the adsorption of UVI by Fe-PANI-GA composite is through the adsorption of UVI) and the partial reduction precipitation of UVI).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB33;O647.3

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本文編號(hào)：1801649