本文選題：電組裝 + 殼聚糖��； 參考：《東華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：層層自組裝作為為數(shù)不多能有效地制備納米材料的方法,近年來一直備受關(guān)注。但層層自組裝驅(qū)動力較弱,制備的自組裝膜機(jī)械性和實(shí)用性較差,根據(jù)已有的研究,部分學(xué)者提出聚電解質(zhì)膜是在一個(半)導(dǎo)體的表面形成,因此存在用電勢來控制整個組裝過程和膜物化性能的可能,并在低電壓下進(jìn)行了嘗試。殼聚糖(CS)和木質(zhì)素磺酸鹽(LGS)為天然高分子聚電解質(zhì),CS溶液帶正電荷,LGS溶液帶負(fù)電荷,它們具有價格低廉,容易制得,無毒,應(yīng)用性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn),在生物醫(yī)學(xué)、環(huán)保、化工等領(lǐng)域都扮演著重要的角色。本論文基于普通靜電層層自組裝技術(shù),對其進(jìn)行改進(jìn),引入外電場并通過對正負(fù)電極的交替聯(lián)接對組裝過程進(jìn)行調(diào)控,制備了CS和LGS的獨(dú)立電組裝薄膜及CS與LGS交替電組裝的復(fù)合薄膜。采用表面張力儀,接觸角,紅外光譜,原子力顯微鏡,掃描電子顯微鏡,XRD,強(qiáng)度儀對其性能進(jìn)行表征,而后對CS和LGS獨(dú)立電組裝膜的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行研究,分別研究了CS膜的油水分離應(yīng)用和LGS膜的重金屬吸附應(yīng)用,用紫外吸收光譜對其應(yīng)用效果進(jìn)行表征,討論了優(yōu)勢和不足。以上研究結(jié)果如下 (1)通過對CS和LGS溶液的表面張力測試得知,電壓對溶液的表面張力有較大的影響。在0-5kV范圍內(nèi),隨著電壓的增大,CS和LGS溶液的表面張力都分別降低。這意味著電組裝與自組裝的主要區(qū)別是前者是對低表面張力的高分子溶液進(jìn)行組裝。 (2)電組裝膜的表面潤濕性研究表明,水的接觸角在獨(dú)立電組裝制備的CS和LGS膜表面都是隨著電壓的增大而減小的。在4kV減弱條件下制備的CS膜的親水性可以提高1倍以上,而LGS膜則從親水性轉(zhuǎn)為超親水性(水接觸角為3.910)。而對于(CS/LGS)n復(fù)合膜,電壓增加將導(dǎo)致其表面疏水性增加,對CS表面而言,4kV范德華力減弱條件將使其表面從親水性轉(zhuǎn)為疏水性(水接觸角為103.90),而對于LGS表面而言,水接觸角角將從28.80上升到72.30。 (3)紅外光譜研究發(fā)現(xiàn),獨(dú)立電組裝的CS和LGS膜的表面都在制備過程有結(jié)構(gòu)變化。比如,4kV強(qiáng)電壓使得CS膜表面露出C-O親水基團(tuán),而LGS膜則露出親水的磺酸基團(tuán)。對于(CS/LGS)n復(fù)合膜,其表面結(jié)構(gòu)明顯改變也是因?yàn)殡娊M裝所導(dǎo)致的。 (4)根據(jù)原子力顯微鏡和掃描電子顯微鏡可知,電組裝使得所制備的膜的厚度和表面粗糙度都發(fā)生變化。 (5)XRD研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：電組裝的CS膜的結(jié)晶度隨電壓增加而增加。 (6)CS電組裝膜的油水分離研究表明其分離效果明顯好于普通的CS膜(0電壓組裝膜)；而LGS電組裝膜的重金屬吸附研究表面其吸附性能也大大好于普通的LGS膜(0電壓組裝膜)。
[Abstract]:As one of the few effective methods to prepare nanomaterials, layer-by-layer self-assembly has attracted much attention in recent years. However, the driving force of layer by layer self-assembly is weak, and the mechanical properties and practicability of the self-assembled films are poor. According to the previous studies, some scholars have proposed that the polyelectrolyte film is formed on the surface of a (semi-conductor) conductor. Therefore, it is possible to control the whole assembly process and the physical and chemical properties of the membrane by the potential, and try it at low voltage. Chitosan (CSS) and lignosulfonate (LGSs) are natural polymer polyelectrolytes with positive charge and negative charge in CS solution. They have the characteristics of low price, easy preparation, nontoxic, strong application, etc., in biomedicine, environmental protection, etc. Chemical industry and other fields play an important role. In this paper, based on the conventional electrostatic layer by layer self-assembly technique, the external electric field is introduced and the assembly process is regulated by alternating connection of positive and negative electrodes. CS and LGS self-assembled films and composite films with CS and LGS alternately were prepared. Surface tension instrument, contact angle, infrared spectrum, atomic force microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and intensity meter were used to characterize the properties of the films. The application of CS and LGS films was studied. The application of oil and water separation of CS membrane and heavy metal adsorption of LGS membrane were studied respectively. The application effect was characterized by UV absorption spectrum. The advantages and disadvantages were discussed. The results of the above study are as follows 1) the surface tension of CS and LGS solution is measured and it is found that the voltage has a great influence on the surface tension of the solution. In the range of 0-5kV, the surface tension of CS and LGS solution decreases with the increase of voltage. This means that the main difference between electrical assembly and self-assembly is that the former is a polymer solution with low surface tension. 2) the surface wettability of the electrically assembled film shows that the contact angle of water decreases with the increase of voltage on the surface of CS and LGS films prepared by independent electrical assembly. The hydrophilicity of CS membrane prepared under the condition of 4kV weakening can be increased by more than one fold, while the hydrophilicity of LGS membrane is changed from hydrophilicity to superhydrophilicity (water contact angle is 3.910g). For CS / LGSN composite film, the surface hydrophobicity increases with the increase of voltage. For CS surface, the weakening condition of 4kV van der Waals force will make the surface change from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity (water contact angle is 103.90), but for the surface of LGS, the hydrophobicity will change to hydrophobicity. The water contact angle will increase from 28.80 to 72.30. The IR spectra show that the surface of CS and LGS films prepared by independent electrical assembly have structural changes during the preparation process. For example, the strong voltage of 4 kV makes C-O hydrophilic group on the surface of CS membrane, while the hydrophilic sulfonic group is exposed on LGS membrane. For CS- / LGSN composite film, the obvious change of surface structure is also caused by electrical assembly. According to atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), the thickness and surface roughness of the prepared films are changed by electrical assembly. XRD results show that the crystallinity of electroassembled CS films increases with the increase of voltage. The results of oil-water separation show that the separation effect of the membrane is obviously better than that of the conventional CS film and the adsorption performance of heavy metal on the surface of the LGS film is much better than that of the ordinary LGS film.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.2;O631

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