本文選題：石墨烯 + 丁腈橡膠　； 參考：《北京理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：電磁污染廣泛存在于環(huán)境中，電磁波吸收是防治電磁污染的有效途徑之一。隨著科技的進(jìn)步，對吸波材料的需求越來越大，研發(fā)具有厚度薄、質(zhì)量輕、頻帶寬、吸收強(qiáng)吸波材料是未來的發(fā)展方向。 石墨烯具有優(yōu)良的導(dǎo)電性、熱穩(wěn)定性好、電子遷移率高、低密度的優(yōu)點，是一種極有發(fā)展前景的吸波材料。本文首先用化學(xué)還原氧化石墨法制備了還原氧化石墨烯，對比了不同厚度的高品質(zhì)石墨烯與還原氧化石墨烯的吸波性能。高品質(zhì)石墨烯吸波性能較弱，且隨厚度和缺陷增加吸波性能有微小的增加，KNG-180反射損耗最低只有-0.85dB。還原氧化石墨烯由于低介電常數(shù)阻抗匹配性能好，存在的缺陷有利于電子通過從連續(xù)態(tài)到費米能級的躍遷，并且有三元弛豫過程，具有較強(qiáng)的電磁波吸收能力。還原氧化石墨烯比高品質(zhì)石墨烯的吸波性能好得多。在7.4GHz處反射損耗峰值達(dá)-6.88dB。 均勻混合還原氧化石墨烯與丁腈橡膠于二甲苯溶劑中，在常溫下固化成彈性體，制成石墨烯/丁腈橡膠復(fù)合吸波材料。石墨烯片在丁腈橡膠中能均勻分散，形成大的導(dǎo)電網(wǎng)絡(luò)和反角，有利于提高吸波性能。還原氧化石墨烯/丁腈橡膠復(fù)合材料在還原氧化石墨烯質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為10%下的計算反射損耗在2mm厚度下，16.2GHz處反射損耗最小值達(dá)到-38.70dB，反射損耗＜-10dB的頻率范圍在14.6GHz～18GHz。復(fù)合材料結(jié)合了還原氧化石墨烯輕質(zhì)和高電磁波吸收性能與丁腈橡膠高柔韌性、可加工性以及耐高溫性能優(yōu)點，可以制成結(jié)構(gòu)型吸波材料，具有很好的發(fā)展前景。 羰基鐵粉在2～18GHz頻率范圍具有一定的吸波性能，但只有在16～18GHz很窄的帶寬下反射損耗在-10dB以下。通過簡易濕法化學(xué)法制備還原氧化石墨烯/羰基鐵粉復(fù)合材料，該復(fù)合材料吸波性能優(yōu)越，氧化石墨和羰基鐵粉質(zhì)量比為3:20，在3mm厚度下可以產(chǎn)生以9.4GHz為中心的強(qiáng)而寬的吸波峰，峰值可達(dá)-52.18dB。在7.8～11.6GHz頻率范圍內(nèi)，反射損耗低于-10dB，在8.8～10.0GHz頻率范圍內(nèi)，反射損耗低于-20dB。提出碳橋理論解釋吸波機(jī)理，該復(fù)合材料兼具磁損耗與介電損耗，，有利于實現(xiàn)阻抗匹配和吸收頻帶的拓寬，且能降低復(fù)合材料的密度。
[Abstract]:Electromagnetic pollution exists widely in the environment, and electromagnetic wave absorption is one of the effective ways to prevent electromagnetic pollution. With the development of science and technology, the demand for absorbing materials is increasing, and the research and development has the characteristics of thin thickness, light weight, frequency bandwidth, absorption of strong absorbing materials is the future development direction. Graphene has the advantages of excellent electrical conductivity, good thermal stability, high electron mobility and low density. In this paper, reductive graphene was prepared by chemical reduction oxidation graphite method, and the wave absorption properties of high quality graphene with different thickness were compared with those of reduced graphene oxide. The high quality graphene has weak absorbing property, and the minimum reflection loss of KNG-180 is -0.85 dB with the increase of thickness and defect. Because of the good matching performance of the low dielectric constant impedance, the reduced graphene oxide has the advantage of the electron transition from the continuous state to the Fermi energy level, and has a ternary relaxation process, which has a strong electromagnetic wave absorption ability. Reduced graphene oxide is much better than high quality graphene in absorbing wave. The peak value of reflection loss at 7.4GHz is -6.88 dB. Graphene / acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) / graphene / nitrile rubber (NBR) composite wave absorbing material was prepared by uniformly mixing reduced graphene and nitrile butadiene rubber in xylene solvent and curing into elastomer at room temperature. Graphene sheet can be dispersed uniformly in NBR, forming a large conductive network and reverse angle, which is helpful to improve the absorbing property of NBR. The composites combine the light weight and high electromagnetic wave absorption properties of reduced graphene with the advantages of high flexibility, processability and high temperature resistance of nitrile rubber. The composites can be made into structural absorbing materials and have a good development prospect. The carbonyl iron powder has a certain absorbing property in the 2~18GHz frequency range, but only under the narrow bandwidth of 16~18GHz, the reflection loss is less than -10 dB. The peak value can reach -52.18 dB. In the 7.8~11.6GHz frequency range, the reflection loss is lower than -10 dB, and in the 8.8~10.0GHz frequency range, the reflection loss is lower than -20 dB. The carbon bridge theory is proposed to explain the absorbing mechanism. The composite has both magnetic loss and dielectric loss, which is helpful to realize impedance matching and broaden the absorption band, and can reduce the density of the composite.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332

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