本文選題：銀納米簇 + 銀納米粒子　； 參考：《湖南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：納米簇因其超小尺寸而具備分離的能級結(jié)構(gòu),顯示出獨特的光學(xué)、電學(xué)、化學(xué)性質(zhì),與較大尺寸的納米粒子有明顯區(qū)別。貴金屬納米簇,如金納米簇、銀納米簇,因其高量子產(chǎn)率、良好的光穩(wěn)定性和優(yōu)良的生物相容性等特點,使其在環(huán)境監(jiān)測、生物標記、生化傳感、離子檢測等領(lǐng)域具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本文設(shè)計新方法成功制備新型銀、金納米簇,并將其應(yīng)用于環(huán)境和生物檢測,具體包括以下內(nèi)容:(1)以熱變性的天然魚精DNA為穩(wěn)定劑合成了熒光銀納米簇,不同于其它人工設(shè)計合成的寡核苷酸模板法,該方法經(jīng)濟便捷,便于大規(guī)模合成。所制備的銀納米簇的最大激發(fā)波長為585 nm,最大發(fā)射波長為650 nm。在p H為3.78時,銀納米簇的熒光增強了三倍。加入汞離子時,體系的熒光猝滅,且其降低的程度與汞離子的濃度在2.0-3000nmol L-1范圍內(nèi)呈線性關(guān)系,檢出限為0.7 nmol L-1。由此建立了一種快速的、靈敏的檢測汞離子的方法。(2)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)鹽酸小檗堿能顯著猝滅以變性魚精DNA為穩(wěn)定劑合成的銀納米簇的熒光。鹽酸小檗堿可有效的與銀納米簇表面的DNA結(jié)合使其表面電荷發(fā)生變化,致使銀納米簇團聚。且銀納米簇體系的紅色熒光隨著鹽酸小檗堿的濃度逐漸增大,熒光顏色逐漸變?yōu)樽攸S色。當鹽酸小檗堿的濃度在1.0-2000 nmol L-1范圍內(nèi)與其體系的熒光猝滅程度呈線性關(guān)系,檢出限為0.3 nmol L-1。由此建立一種靈敏度較高、精確的檢測鹽酸小檗堿的方法。同時,鹽酸小檗堿的濃度在5.0-2000 nmol L-1范圍可以實現(xiàn)半定量可視化檢測。其余藥物中常見的氨基酸和金屬離子對檢測沒有干擾,說明該方法具有較好的選擇性。該方法成功測定了復(fù)方黃連素片中鹽酸小檗堿的含量。(3)以變性魚精DNA為穩(wěn)定劑,在堿性條件下利用抗壞血酸為還原劑合成了較大尺寸(45 nm)的銀納米粒子。該納米粒子具有強散射,硫化氫的加入可導(dǎo)致其粒徑變小,散射強度降低。通過測量共振散射光譜研究發(fā)現(xiàn),硫化氫的濃度在5.0-100 nmol L-1范圍內(nèi)與其散射降低程度呈現(xiàn)良好的線性關(guān)系,檢出限為2.8 nmol L-1�；诖�,我們建立了簡單、高靈敏的檢測水溶液中硫化氫的方法,并可以用于實際水樣的分析。(4)以檸檬酸三鈉穩(wěn)定的氯化亞錫為穩(wěn)定劑和還原劑,通過微波法快速合成了新型熒光金納米簇,并利用該納米簇建立了一種同時檢測汞離子和銅離子的雙功能探針,其中銅離子可使金納米簇的熒光猝滅,汞離子可使金納米簇散射增強,同一體系中熒光光譜和散射光譜互不影響,可實現(xiàn)獨立檢測。銅離子的濃度在5.0′10-7-7.0′10-5 mol L-1范圍時,金納米簇的熒光猝滅程度與銅離子的濃度呈現(xiàn)良好的線性關(guān)系,檢出限為0.38mmol L-1;當汞離子的濃度范圍在2.5′10-7-1.0′10-5 mol L-1時,金納米簇的散射增加值與汞離子的濃度呈現(xiàn)良好的線性關(guān)系,檢出限為0.05mmol L-1�；诖�,我們建立了一種簡單、快速的同時檢測水溶液中銅離子和汞離子的方法,并可以用于實際水樣的分析。
[Abstract]:Because of its ultra small size nanoclusters with energy structure separation, showing a unique optical, electrical and chemical properties, has the obvious difference with the larger size of the nanoparticles. Noble metal nanoclusters, such as gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, because of its high quantum yield, compatibility and good light stability excellent in the biological, environmental monitoring, biological markers, biochemical sensing, has broad application prospects. This paper designs a new ion detection method for the successful preparation of new silver and gold nanoclusters, and its application in environmental and biological samples, including the following: (1) the synthesis of fluorescent silver nanoclusters the stabilizer of salmon milt DNA thermal denaturation, oligonucleotide template method in other synthetic, this method is economical and convenient, and is convenient for large-scale synthesis. The silver nanoclusters prepared by the maximum excitation wavelength was 585 nm, the maximum emission wavelength of 650 Nm. in P H 3.78, fluorescent silver nanoclusters increased three times. With mercury ions, fluorescence quenching system, and the degree of concentration of mercury ions and the decrease of a linear relationship in the range of L-1 2.0-3000nmol, the detection limit was 0.7 nmol L-1. established a rapid method for detection of mercury. Ion sensitive. (2) study found that berberine hydrochloride can significantly to protamine DNA fluorescence quenching modified silver nanoclusters synthesized stabilizer. Berberine hydrochloride can effectively and silver nanoclusters DNA on the surface of the surface charge changes, resulting in the silver nanoclusters. Red fluorescence and silver cluster system increases with the concentration of berberine hydrochloride, fluorescent color gradually turned brown. There was a linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity when the concentration of berberine hydrochloride in the range of L-1 and 1.0-2000 nmol system, a detection limit of 0.3 nmol L-1. from the building A method of high sensitivity, accurate detection of berberine hydrochloride. At the same time, the concentration of berberine hydrochloride can achieve semi quantitative visual detection in 5.0-2000 nmol L-1. The common amino acids and metal ions did not interfere with the detection of other drugs, indicating that the method has good selectivity. The method is successfully applied to determination of berberine hydrochloride in compound berberine tablet. (3) with modified fish DNA as a stabilizer in alkaline conditions using ascorbic acid as reducing agent was synthesized with large size (45 nm) of the silver nanoparticles. The nanoparticles have strong scattering, adding hydrogen sulfide can lead to smaller particle diameter, scattering intensity decreased. By measurement of resonance scattering spectra found 5.0-100 nmol, the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the range of L-1 and reduce the degree of scattering showed a good linear relationship. The detection limit was 2.8 nmol L-1. based on this, we set up A simple, sensitive method for the detection of hydrogen sulfide in aqueous solution, and can be used for analysis of real samples. (4) with three citric acid stable sodium stannous chloride as stabilizer and reducing agent, through microwave synthesized novel fluorescent gold nanoclusters, and the nano cluster built a simultaneous detection of two probes for mercury ion and copper ion, copper ion which can make the fluorescence quenching of gold nanoclusters, mercury ions can make the gold nanoclusters scattering enhancement in the same system, fluorescence spectrum and scattering spectra do not influence each other, can realize independent detection. Copper ion concentration in the 5 '10-7-7.0' is in the range of L-1 10-5 mol that shows a good linear relationship between the concentration of fluorescence quenching degree and copper ions of gold nanoclusters, the detection limit is 0.38mmol L-1; when the concentration of mercury ion in the 2.5 '10-7-1.0' 10-5 mol L-1, scattering of gold nanoclusters and increase the value of mercury ions. The concentration has a good linear relationship with a detection limit of 0.05mmol L-1.. Based on this, we have established a simple and rapid method for simultaneous detection of copper and mercury ions in aqueous solutions, and can be applied to the analysis of real water samples.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB383.1;O657.3

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