本文選題：多孔碳　切入點：EDTA　出處：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：基于能源和資源有效利用的問題,本論文主要用一步法制出新型具有多級孔結(jié)構(gòu)的碳材料HPCs,考察其在超級電容器和電吸附技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用。本論文研究反應(yīng)物用量,活化溫度和時間等條件對HPCs的形貌和電化學(xué)性能的影響,獲得目前最優(yōu)化的實驗條件。超級電容器和電吸附技術(shù)在原理上都采用電化學(xué)雙電層儲能原理,所以本論文研究了多孔碳材料HPCs在超電容和電吸附技術(shù)方面的應(yīng)用。采用EDTA為碳源,活化造孔劑為KOH時合成的多孔碳EDTA基材料HPCs的比表面積最高達2185.71 m2·g-1；孔體積最高可達1.368cm3·g-.HPCs在堿性電解液(6mol·L-1KOH)中的電容值為260F·g-1；中性電解液(1mol·L-1 NaCl)中電容值為182F·g-1,充放電1000次之后電容保持率可達96%；并對其阻抗、電壓降等電化學(xué)參數(shù)進行評價,結(jié)果說明HPCs是一類優(yōu)良的超電容電極材料。本論文還探討了材料的結(jié)構(gòu)與電容性能之間存在的內(nèi)在關(guān)系。HPCs作為電吸附電極能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對不同濃度NaCl溶液的處理,處理40mg·L-1NaCl溶液的電吸附容量為34.27mg·g-1；處理500mg·L-1NaCl溶液的電吸附容量為61.51mg·g-1;NaCl濃度再增加一倍時(1000mg·L-1),電吸附容量可達73.39mg@g-1；NaCl濃度變?yōu)?058mg@L-'(100mM)時,電吸附容量為87.48mg·g-1,說明EDTA基的多孔碳材料可以凈化各種濃度的鹽水而且其電吸附能力優(yōu)于目前報道的絕大多數(shù)電極材料。而且HPCs電極物理吸附容量很小且循環(huán)使用多次后,電吸附性能幾乎沒有任何衰減,說明HPCs是一種極具工業(yè)應(yīng)用潛力的電吸附電極。通過研究系列EDTA基碳材料的表面積,電容值和電吸附容量的變化,揭示出三者之間的內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián),探討影響電吸附容量的本質(zhì)原因。具有最高比表面積和良好孔結(jié)構(gòu)的EDTA基碳材料,其堿性和中性電解液的電容值均為最高,電吸附電容最高,表明比表面積和孔結(jié)構(gòu)能夠?qū)Σ牧系碾娀瘜W(xué)特性有很大影響。探討了HPCs電吸附電極對多種離子的混合溶液(Al3+,Fe3+,Cu2+, Mg2+, K+, Rb+或Li+)的離子選擇性,它受離子的價態(tài),水合半徑和材料孔結(jié)構(gòu)三種因素共同影響。HPCs具有優(yōu)良的超電容和電吸附性能是由于材料多級孔結(jié)構(gòu),高比表面積,適合的孔體積,合適的孔徑和石墨化程度所致。
[Abstract]:Based on the problem of efficient utilization of energy and resources, a new type of carbon material HPCswith multilevel pore structure was prepared by one-step method, and its application in supercapacitors and electrosorption technology was investigated.In this paper, the effects of the amount of reactants, activation temperature and time on the morphology and electrochemical properties of HPCs were studied, and the optimal experimental conditions were obtained.The principle of electrochemical double layer energy storage is used in supercapacitor and electroadsorption technology, so the application of porous carbon material HPCs in supercapacitor and electrosorption technology is studied in this paper.Using EDTA as carbon source,The maximum specific surface area of the porous carbon EDTA based material was 2185.71 m2 g-1 when the activated pore-making agent was KOH, the maximum pore volume was 260F g-1 in the alkaline electrolyte (6mol L -1 KOH), the capacitance value of neutral electrolyte was 182F g -1, the charge and discharge was 1000 second.The retention rate of the rear capacitance can be up to 96.The electrochemical parameters such as voltage drop are evaluated. The results show that HPCs is a kind of excellent supercapacitor electrode material.The relationship between the structure of the materials and the capacitance properties is also discussed. HPCs can be used as an electroadsorption electrode to deal with different concentrations of NaCl solution.The electrosorption capacity of 40mg L-1NaCl solution was 34.27mg g-1, and that of 500mg L-1NaCl solution was 100 mg 路L ~ (-1) when the concentration of 61.51mg g ~ (-1) L-1NaCl was doubled, and that of 500mg L-1NaCl solution could reach 73.39 mg 路g ~ (-1) 34.27mg concentration to 5058 mg 路L ~ (-1) 500mg L-1NaCl solution, and the adsorption capacity of 500mg L-1NaCl solution was 100 mg 路L ~ (-1) when the concentration of 61.51mg g ~ (-1) was increased to 100 mg 路L ~ (-1).The electrosorption capacity is 87.48mg g-1, which indicates that the porous carbon based on EDTA can purify brine of various concentrations and its adsorption capacity is better than that of most electrode materials reported at present.Moreover, the physical adsorption capacity of HPCs electrode is very small and the electrosorption performance of HPCs electrode has almost no attenuation after repeated recycling, which indicates that HPCs is a kind of electrosorption electrode with great potential for industrial application.By studying the changes of surface area, capacitance and adsorption capacity of EDTA based carbon materials, the intrinsic relationship among them is revealed, and the essential reasons influencing the adsorption capacity are discussed.For EDTA based carbon materials with the highest specific surface area and good pore structure, the capacitance of alkaline and neutral electrolytes is the highest and the capacitance of electroadsorption is the highest, indicating that the specific surface area and pore structure can greatly affect the electrochemical characteristics of the materials.The ionic selectivity of HPCs electroadsorption electrode to Al _ 3 / Fe _ 3 / Cu _ 2, Mg2, K, RB or Li was investigated.Three factors, hydration radius and pore structure, affect the excellent supercapacitor and electrosorption of HPCs due to the multilevel pore structure, high specific surface area, suitable pore volume, appropriate pore size and graphitization degree.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ127.11;TB383.4

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉振宇;新型多孔碳材料的合成與應(yīng)用研究[D];北京化工大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：1724983