本文選題：可瓷化硅橡膠復(fù)合材料　切入點(diǎn)：氧化鋁　出處：《南昌大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：可瓷化硅橡膠復(fù)合材料在常溫下和普通高分子材料性能一樣,但在高溫環(huán)境下可以陶瓷化,形成的陶瓷結(jié)構(gòu)能夠自支撐甚至可抵御一定的外力侵蝕,是阻燃防火及高溫防護(hù)領(lǐng)域的重大突破,其加工工藝與普通的高分子材料一致,甚至使用的設(shè)備都可以通用,有很好的工業(yè)化應(yīng)用前景,因此發(fā)展非常迅速。本文研究了一種綜合性能良好的可瓷化硅橡膠復(fù)合材料配方,以結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑A、結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑B、結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑C、過氧化苯甲酰(BPO)、碳酸鋰、氧化鋁、白炭黑、硅灰石和羥基硅油為配方組成成瓷物質(zhì),得到了一種力學(xué)性能、瓷化性能優(yōu)異的絕緣材料,可用于阻燃耐火電纜等領(lǐng)域,保證火災(zāi)時(shí)電線電纜仍保持絕緣性和不發(fā)生短路事故。通過單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)和正交實(shí)驗(yàn)考察了配方中各物質(zhì)用量對材料瓷化性能和力學(xué)性能的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)得到最優(yōu)配方組成為:氧化鋁用量8份,硅灰石15份,結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑A 13份,結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑B 7份,結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑C 11份,碳酸鋰4份,BPO 2份,羥基硅油4份,并考察了配方中各物質(zhì)對材料拉伸強(qiáng)度、斷裂伸長率和600℃燒蝕殘留物的抗壓強(qiáng)度的影響,對拉伸強(qiáng)度影響作用由大到小的順序是:氧化鋁BPO硅灰石結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑B碳酸鋰結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑C結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑A;對斷裂伸長率影響作用由大到小的順序是:BPO結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑A氧化鋁結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑B結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑C硅灰石碳酸鋰;對600℃燒蝕殘留物的抗壓強(qiáng)度影響作用由大到小的順序是:結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑C硅灰石氧化鋁結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑A結(jié)構(gòu)控制劑B碳酸鋰BPO。最優(yōu)配方制備的材料拉伸強(qiáng)度可達(dá)5.473MPa,斷裂伸長率可達(dá)305.667%,600℃和800℃燒蝕殘留物的抗壓強(qiáng)度分別為4.663MPa和10.003MPa,邵爾A硬度達(dá)51.333度。通過SEM、XRD及熱重分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)材料瓷化機(jī)理因溫度不同而有所差異,600℃時(shí)是通過瓷化填料部分熔融產(chǎn)生的液相在顆粒間的黏連作用實(shí)現(xiàn)瓷化,在800℃下的成瓷性能則是在瓷化填料熔融液相的粘結(jié)作用同時(shí),還會有共晶反應(yīng),粒子之間形成鍵合,出現(xiàn)新的晶態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)更為致密。論文研究出的硅橡膠復(fù)合材料成瓷溫度范圍寬,瓷化溫度低(600℃),其燒蝕殘留物的體積電阻率在1013Ω·cm以上,滿足作為瓷化絕緣材料的要求。
[Abstract]:Ceramic silicone rubber composites have the same properties as ordinary polymer materials at room temperature, but can be ceramic formed in high temperature environment. The ceramic structure can support itself or even resist a certain external force erosion.It is a great breakthrough in the field of flame retardancy, fire resistance and high temperature protection, and its processing technology is consistent with ordinary polymer materials, and even the equipment used can be used in a universal way, so it has a good prospect of industrial application, so it is developing very rapidly.In this paper, a kind of ceramic silicone rubber composite with good comprehensive properties is studied. The structure control agent A, the structure control agent B, the structure control agent C, the benzoyl peroxide BPO, the lithium carbonate, the alumina, the white carbon black, the structure control agent, the structure control agent, the structure control agent, the structure control agent C, the lithium carbonate, the alumina, the silica,Wollastonite and hydroxyl silicone oil are made up of ceramic materials, and a kind of insulating material with excellent mechanical properties and porcelain properties is obtained, which can be used in flame retardant and refractory cables and other fields to ensure the insulation of wires and cables during fire and avoid short circuit accidents.The effects of the amount of materials in the formula on the ceramic properties and mechanical properties of the materials were investigated by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment.The optimum composition was obtained as follows: 8 phr of alumina, 15 phr of wollastonite, 13 phr of structural control agent A, 7 phr of structural control agent B, 11 phr of structural control agent C, 4 phr of lithium carbonate BPO 2 phr, 4 phr of hydroxy silicone oil.The effects of various substances in the formula on the tensile strength, elongation at break and compressive strength of the ablative residue at 600 鈩，

本文編號：1722204