本文選題：乳液聚合　切入點(diǎn)：丁苯橡膠　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：乳聚丁苯橡膠(ESBR)是目前合成橡膠應(yīng)用最廣泛的一種,主要用于生產(chǎn)輪胎、膠管、汽車零部件等工業(yè)橡膠制品。由于乳聚丁苯是一種非結(jié)晶聚合物,分子之間的作用力小,在使用時需要添加一定量的補(bǔ)強(qiáng)劑,傳統(tǒng)補(bǔ)強(qiáng)劑如炭黑、白炭黑。炭黑在補(bǔ)強(qiáng)的同時也提高了輪胎的滾動阻力,增加能耗,白炭黑作為新型補(bǔ)強(qiáng)劑,不僅能夠降低輪胎的滾動阻力、提高輪胎濕地抓地能力,還使橡膠具有抗割劃和抗撕裂性能,同時減少橡膠蹦花掉塊現(xiàn)象。在國際環(huán)保組織和法規(guī)的要求下,人們希望采用白炭黑替代炭黑來降低滾動阻力,降低能耗。現(xiàn)在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中一般采用機(jī)械共混法將白炭黑分散在橡膠中,但是白炭黑在橡膠中分散不均,極易自聚,同時生產(chǎn)過程中極易產(chǎn)生白炭黑粉塵污染,危害人們健康。本文采用原位乳聚技術(shù)制備白炭黑-丁苯橡膠復(fù)合材料,研究表明白炭黑在橡膠中分散均勻,同時在后期混煉加工的過程中不會出現(xiàn)白炭黑粉塵飛揚(yáng)現(xiàn)象。在制備橡膠之前,首先對白炭黑進(jìn)行表面改性處理,本文采用陽離子表面活性劑1831對白炭黑進(jìn)行改性,然后采用DBP吸收值,紅外分析、熱失重分析、透射電鏡分析等方法對改性白炭黑進(jìn)行表征,結(jié)果表明1831能夠改善白炭黑表面極性,使其親油性提高。隨后將改性白炭黑與單體一起加入反應(yīng)釜制備白炭黑-丁苯橡膠復(fù)合材料,其中包括白炭黑乳化分散實驗、轉(zhuǎn)化率穩(wěn)定性及控制實驗、原位乳聚法白炭黑-丁苯橡膠與傳統(tǒng)乳聚丁苯橡膠工藝對比等實驗。制備一定轉(zhuǎn)化率的丁苯橡膠,并對產(chǎn)物橡膠進(jìn)行微觀定量分析、橡膠分子量分析,對比白炭黑通過原位乳聚法與機(jī)械共混法合成白炭黑-橡膠復(fù)合材料分散性,同時對這兩種方法合成的混膠進(jìn)行動態(tài)力學(xué)性能分析。實驗說明減小白炭黑的聚集度能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)白炭黑乳化分散,同時添加不同份數(shù)的白炭黑對橡膠的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、玻璃化轉(zhuǎn)變溫度(Tg)沒有顯著影響,并且原位乳聚法制備的白炭黑-丁苯橡膠復(fù)合材料的白炭黑分散度高。
[Abstract]:Emulsion styrene butadiene rubber (ESBR) is one of the most widely used synthetic rubber at present. It is mainly used to produce industrial rubber products such as tires, rubber tubes, automobile parts and so on.Carbon black not only increases the rolling resistance and energy consumption of tires, but also reduces the rolling resistance of tires and improves the ability of wet ground grabbing, and also makes rubber have the properties of resisting cutting and tearing, as a new reinforcing agent, the carbon black can not only reduce the rolling resistance of tires, but also improve the ability of ground grabbing of tires.At the same time, reduce the rubber bouncing spend block phenomenon.Under the requirements of international environmental protection organizations and regulations, people hope to use silica instead of carbon black to reduce rolling resistance and reduce energy consumption.Now in the industrial production, the silica is dispersed in rubber by mechanical blending method, but it is easy to self-agglomerate because of the uneven dispersion of silica in rubber. At the same time, it is easy to produce silica dust pollution in the process of production, which is harmful to people's health.In this paper, silica / styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) composites were prepared by in-situ emulsion polymerization. The results showed that silica was dispersed uniformly in rubber, and silica dust would not fly in the later processing process.Before the preparation of rubber, silica was first treated by surface modification. In this paper, cationic surfactant 1831 was used to modify silica, and then DBP absorption value, infrared analysis and thermogravimetric analysis were used.The modified silica was characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The results show that 1831 can improve the surface polarity of silica and improve its lipophilicity.Then the modified silica and the monomer were added to the reactor to prepare the silica / styrene butadiene rubber composite, which included the emulsification and dispersion experiment of silica, the conversion stability and the control experiment.In-situ emulsion polymerization of silica-styrene-butadiene rubber and traditional emulsion-styrene-butadiene rubber technology comparison and so on.Styrene butadiene rubber with a certain conversion rate was prepared. The microcosmic quantitative analysis and molecular weight analysis of rubber were carried out. The dispersion of silica / rubber composite was compared by in-situ emulsion polymerization and mechanical blending method.At the same time, the dynamic mechanical properties of the blends synthesized by the two methods were analyzed.The experimental results show that the emulsification and dispersion of silica can be achieved by reducing the aggregation degree of silica, and the addition of different fraction of silica has no significant effect on the microstructure and glass transition temperature (TG) of rubber.And the silica-SBR composite prepared by in situ emulsion polymerization has high silica dispersion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332

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本文編號：1721646