本文選題：鈀納米顆粒　切入點(diǎn)：原子力顯微鏡　出處：《寧波大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：金屬鈀納米顆粒具有很高的催化活性,并且價格較鉑等便宜,因此在工業(yè)催化、能源化工等領(lǐng)域具有重要的應(yīng)用。鈀通常負(fù)載于各種有機(jī)物、碳納米管和其他金屬合金,因?yàn)樨?fù)載型鈀催化劑具有較好的分散性、尺寸可控性、催化效率高、易于分離產(chǎn)物等優(yōu)勢,是現(xiàn)今鈀催化劑研究的重點(diǎn)。目前已經(jīng)發(fā)展了很多種鈀納米顆粒合成的方法,常見的有化學(xué)合成法、電化學(xué)沉積法,近年來以生物大分子為模板合成鈀納米顆粒的方法受到很大關(guān)注。因?yàn)檫@些生物模板具有特定的空間納米結(jié)構(gòu)、金屬結(jié)合位點(diǎn)等特點(diǎn),能夠與鈀納米顆粒很好的結(jié)合一起,并且生物模板制備成本低、可降解、綠色環(huán)保等優(yōu)勢,目前,有不少研究組利用CYS突變煙草花葉病毒(TMVcys)作為生物模板來合成Pd納米顆粒,但是利用生物工程對蛋白修飾比較復(fù)雜,另外合成得到的Pd納米顆粒的尺寸也不是很均勻。鈀催化Suzuki反應(yīng)是眾多材料合成的基礎(chǔ)反應(yīng),一直是鈀催化有機(jī)反應(yīng)中的研究重點(diǎn)。多數(shù)研究者利用有機(jī)配體制備鈀納米顆粒,但是有機(jī)配體制備過程復(fù)雜,并且容易污染環(huán)境。為了克服上述缺點(diǎn),我們實(shí)驗(yàn)室則基于生物模板法制備鈀納米顆粒催化Suzuki反應(yīng)。在前期的工作中,我們實(shí)驗(yàn)室已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了胰島素纖維的控制生長,本文通過控制溫度實(shí)現(xiàn)尺寸可控的鈀納米顆粒的制備,實(shí)驗(yàn)中我們實(shí)現(xiàn)了三種粒徑大小的鈀納米顆粒的制備。另外我們發(fā)現(xiàn)淀粉樣纖維是具beta-sheet核心結(jié)構(gòu)的纖維,具有非常穩(wěn)定的化學(xué)性質(zhì),是十分理想的生物模板。我們以胰島素纖維作為生物模板,吸附Pd納米顆粒制備零價鈀催化劑。我們制備的鈀催化劑具有很好的催化Suzuki反應(yīng)的能力,并對鈀納米顆粒的大小對催化效率的影響進(jìn)行了討論。最后我們初步探究了鈀電催化過氧化氫的還原反應(yīng),進(jìn)一步研究了生物性鈀催化劑的催化性能。
[Abstract]:Palladium nanoparticles have high catalytic activity and are cheaper than platinum, so they have important applications in industrial catalysis, energy chemical industry and other fields.Palladium is usually supported on various organic compounds, carbon nanotubes and other metal alloys, because the supported palladium catalysts have the advantages of good dispersion, controllable size, high catalytic efficiency and easy separation of products.At present, many methods of synthesizing palladium nanoparticles have been developed, such as chemical synthesis and electrochemical deposition. In recent years, biosynthesis of palladium nanoparticles using biological macromolecules as template has attracted much attention.Because these biological templates have special spatial nanostructures, metal binding sites and other characteristics, they can be well combined with palladium nanoparticles, and the preparation of biological templates has the advantages of low cost, biodegradability, green environmental protection, etc. At present,Many researchers used CYS mutated tobacco mosaic virus (TMVcys) as a biological template to synthesize PD nanoparticles, but the protein modification by bioengineering was more complicated, and the size of the synthesized PD nanoparticles was not uniform.Palladium-catalyzed Suzuki reaction is the basic reaction in the synthesis of many materials and has been the focus of palladium-catalyzed organic reactions.Most researchers use organic ligands to prepare palladium nanoparticles, but the preparation of organic ligands is complex and easy to pollute the environment.In order to overcome these shortcomings, palladium nanoparticles were prepared to catalyze the Suzuki reaction in our laboratory.In the previous work, we have realized the controlled growth of insulin fiber in our laboratory. In this paper, we have achieved the preparation of palladium nanoparticles with controllable size by controlling the temperature. In the experiment, we have realized the preparation of three kinds of palladium nanoparticles.In addition, we found that amyloid fiber is a beta-sheet core structure fiber, with very stable chemical properties, is a very ideal biological template.We used insulin fiber as biological template to adsorb PD nanoparticles to prepare zero valent palladium catalyst.The palladium catalyst prepared by us has a good ability to catalyze Suzuki reaction, and the effect of the size of palladium nanoparticles on the catalytic efficiency is discussed.Finally, the reduction of hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by palladium was preliminarily investigated, and the catalytic performance of biologic palladium catalyst was further studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.1

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 李蓉;譚菊花;張云云;吳鐘良;徐鵬;周星飛;;基于生物模板法的鈀金屬納米線制備[J];科學(xué)通報;2013年26期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李蓉;胰島素纖維為模板制備金屬鈀納米線[D];寧波大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：1720236