本文選題：鈮酸鉀　切入點：鈮酸鈉　出處：《深圳大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：一維鈮酸鹽納米晶體具有很高的電光系數(shù)和非線性光學(xué)系數(shù),對于信息、物理以及生物科學(xué)的發(fā)展有著重要的意義。一維納米材料具有各向異性,使其擁有比二維納米材料更優(yōu)越的性能。但一維鈮酸鹽在合成和應(yīng)用上還存在許多問題。本論文將綜合考慮理論和實驗這兩方面的問題,以鈮酸鹽技術(shù)研究為主導(dǎo),以一維鈮酸鹽納米晶體可控合成、表征和性能為主要研究內(nèi)容,解決了一維鈮酸鹽納米晶體合成過程中產(chǎn)率低、形貌不可控等問題。保持溫度為150℃,堿液濃度為10mol/L不變,通過改變其他反應(yīng)條件,制備出針狀和樹狀鈮酸鉀鈉晶體。以市售Nb2O5為原料,在K和Na摩爾比為3:17的條件下,水熱反應(yīng)5天,合成了直徑為100-500nm的針狀鈮酸鉀鈉晶體,與合成針狀鈮酸鉀鈉晶體相同的條件,使用Nb2O5納米棒作為反應(yīng)原料替代市售Nb2O5后,合成出樹狀的鈮酸鉀鈉晶體。在傳統(tǒng)水熱法制備KNb O3的基礎(chǔ)上,分別使用Nb2O5納米棒和KNb3O8納米棒作為原料和模板替代傳統(tǒng)方法使用的市售Nb2O5粉體后,合成出直徑分別為100-200nm和100-150nm的KNb O3納米棒。使用Nb2O5納米棒合成結(jié)晶程度較為完整的KNb O3納米棒需要5d,而使用KNb3O8納米棒時,只需12h就能合成出純相KNb O3納米棒,極大的縮短了反應(yīng)時間。同樣,在傳統(tǒng)水熱法制備Na Nb O3的基礎(chǔ)上,Nb2O5納米棒作為原料和模板,合成出直徑為500-800nm的Na Nb O3納米棒。采用鈮粉作為原料反應(yīng)原料時,合成出直徑為50-150nm的Na Nb O3納米棒,極大的減小了產(chǎn)物Na Nb O3納米棒的粒徑。在傳統(tǒng)熔鹽法制備KNb3O8的基礎(chǔ)上,如果在粉體的原料中添加適量的Nb2O5納米棒后,可以合成出粒徑為150-500nm的KNb3O8納米棒,大大的減小了產(chǎn)物的直徑。將直徑為30-50nm的納米銀顆粒通過銀鏡反應(yīng)附著于KNb3O8納米棒后,KNb3O8納米棒鍍銀后熒光性能極大的增強(qiáng),熒光強(qiáng)度變成原來的4倍。同時,KNb3O8納米棒鍍銀后光催化效率極大的提高,光催化效率變?yōu)樵瓉淼?倍。KNb3O8納米棒和KNb O3納米棒的二次諧波信號隨著偏振片的旋轉(zhuǎn),強(qiáng)度發(fā)生明顯改變。說明實驗所制備的KNb3O8納米棒和KNb O3納米棒具有較強(qiáng)的非線性光學(xué)性能。
[Abstract]:One-dimensional niobate nanocrystals have high electro-optic and nonlinear optical coefficients, which are of great significance for the development of information, physics and biological science.One-dimensional nanomaterials have anisotropy, which makes them superior to two-dimensional nanomaterials.However, there are still many problems in the synthesis and application of one-dimensional niobate.In this thesis, the theoretical and experimental problems will be comprehensively considered, and the study of niobate technology will be the dominant, and the controllable synthesis, characterization and properties of one-dimensional nanocrystalline niobate will be the main research contents.The problems of low yield and uncontrollable morphology during the synthesis of one dimensional niobate nanocrystalline were solved.By changing other reaction conditions, the needle-like and dendritic potassium sodium niobate crystals were prepared by keeping the temperature at 150 鈩，

本文編號：1714986