本文選題：介孔硅　切入點(diǎn)：疏水棉織物　出處：《東華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在日常生活和工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，固體材料表面性能的破壞和損耗很大程度上是由于液體的參與，如流動(dòng)摩擦、腐蝕、結(jié)垢和生物附著等。因此如何有效的減少固液接觸在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中具有重要意義。超疏水表面由于其低表面能，能有效的減少固液之間的接觸，具有優(yōu)異的自清潔和防粘性能。但是人造的超疏水表面在使用過(guò)程中，由于外界環(huán)境的污染、機(jī)械力的破壞等，其性能難以維持長(zhǎng)期的有效性。因此制備表面形態(tài)穩(wěn)定，具有持續(xù)疏水性能的表面具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。 制備自修復(fù)的超疏水表面主要有兩種方法：一是基于在粗糙多孔材料孔隙內(nèi)填充疏水性物質(zhì)；二是建立在界面上的疏水性膠體粒子的自組織。介孔硅納米粒子具有高比表面積、高負(fù)載、良好的機(jī)械及熱穩(wěn)定性，毒性小，優(yōu)良的生物相容性等特點(diǎn)，適用于紡織疏水整理方面。本文主要是利用多巴胺易于在堿性條件下氧化生成醌鍵，然后易于帶有氨基的物質(zhì)反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生烷基疏水物質(zhì)的性質(zhì)，選用介孔納米顆粒負(fù)載疏水性物質(zhì)十八胺（ODA），并在該粒子表面包覆多巴胺薄膜，保護(hù)內(nèi)部ODA的同時(shí)，提供反應(yīng)層，保證疏水性能的自修復(fù)。然后將制備的疏水納米粒子修飾到棉織物上，制備具有自修復(fù)能力的疏水織物。在疏水表面遭到機(jī)械等損傷后，自由的ODA能通過(guò)MSN的孔道向外釋放，，再次與多巴胺薄膜反應(yīng)，生成疏水表面，使織物疏水效果的得到很好的修復(fù)。研究的具體內(nèi)容如下： （1）合成了兩種介孔硅納米粒子。利用溶膠-凝膠法合成介孔二氧化硅納米粒子（MSN），采用透射掃描電鏡（TEM），小角X射線衍射（XRD）等對(duì)其表征，可觀察到MSN具有清晰的孔道結(jié)構(gòu)，孔徑為3.27nm；采用實(shí)心二氧化硅為模板，碳酸鈉選擇性刻蝕，制備中空介孔二氧化硅（HMS），通過(guò)TEM及XRD表征，可以看到在HMS具有豎直孔道結(jié)構(gòu)，孔徑為3.7nm。 （2）選用上述合成的兩種介孔納米粒子負(fù)載疏水物質(zhì)，制備疏水納米粒子。選用上述合成的兩種介孔納米粒子，負(fù)載疏水性物質(zhì)十八胺（ODA），并包覆聚多巴胺薄膜，保護(hù)內(nèi)部ODA的同時(shí)，提供反應(yīng)層，保證疏水性能的自修復(fù)。利用TEM表征多巴胺的包覆情況。并將制備好的疏水納米粒子噴涂到硅片上，制備疏水涂層，選用接觸角來(lái)表征該涂層的疏水性質(zhì)及耐酸堿的性質(zhì)，發(fā)現(xiàn)涂層接觸角可達(dá)到140°以上，且具有較好的耐酸堿性。 （3）疏水粒子快速噴涂到織物上獲得自修復(fù)的疏水棉織物。將上述制備的疏水納米粒子噴涂到棉織物上，得到超疏水的棉織物。MSN修飾的棉織物接觸角可達(dá)153.2°，HMS修飾的棉織物接觸角可達(dá)到155.7°；利用等離子刻蝕儀在5Pa氣壓下，選用100W功率，對(duì)整理后的織物刻蝕1min，經(jīng)過(guò)5次刻蝕后，HMS織物具有良好的疏水性能的自修復(fù)；而MSN表面的恢復(fù)速率較慢，這與修飾后織物表面不同的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:In daily life and industrial and agricultural production, the destruction and loss of surface properties of solid materials are largely due to the participation of liquids, such as fluid friction, corrosion, scaling and biological attachment.Therefore, how to effectively reduce solid-liquid contact is of great significance in practical production.Because of its low surface energy, superhydrophobic surface can effectively reduce the contact between solid and liquid, and has excellent self-cleaning and anti-viscosity performance.However, in the process of using artificial superhydrophobic surface, it is difficult to maintain long-term effectiveness due to environmental pollution and mechanical damage.Therefore, the prepared surfaces with stable surface morphology and sustained hydrophobic properties have broad application prospects.There are two main methods to prepare self-repairing superhydrophobic surfaces: one is based on filling hydrophobic materials in the pores of rough porous materials; the other is self-organization of hydrophobic colloidal particles based on the interface.Mesoporous silicon nanoparticles are suitable for textile hydrophobic finishing due to their high specific surface area, high loading, good mechanical and thermal stability, low toxicity and good biocompatibility.In this paper, dopamine is used to oxidize easily to form quinone bonds under alkaline conditions, and then to react easily with amino groups to produce the properties of alkyl hydrophobic substances.The mesoporous nanoparticles were used to support the hydrophobic substance octadecylamine ODAA, and the dopamine film was coated on the surface of the particles to protect the inner ODA and provide a reaction layer to ensure the self-repair of hydrophobic properties.Then the hydrophobic nanoparticles were modified onto cotton fabric to prepare self-repairing hydrophobic fabric.After the hydrophobic surface is damaged by mechanism, the free ODA can be released through the pore of MSN and react with the dopamine film again to form the hydrophobic surface, which can make the fabric hydrophobic effect to be repaired well.The details of the study are as follows:Two kinds of mesoporous silicon nanoparticles were synthesized.Mesoporous silica nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angle X-ray diffraction (MSN). It was found that MSN had a clear pore structure with a pore size of 3.27nm. solid silica was used as a template.The hollow mesoporous silica (HMS) was prepared by selective etching of sodium carbonate. By TEM and XRD characterization, the vertical pore structure and pore size of HMS were found to be 3.7 nm.2) hydrophobic nanoparticles were prepared by using two mesoporous nanoparticles loaded with hydrophobic substances.The two mesoporous nanoparticles were used to support the hydrophobic substance octadecylamine ODAA and to coat the dopamine film to protect the inner ODA and provide a reaction layer to ensure the self-repair of hydrophobic properties.The coating of dopamine was characterized by TEM.The hydrophobic nano-particles were sprayed on the silicon wafer and the hydrophobic coating was prepared. The hydrophobic property and acid-alkali resistance of the coating were characterized by contact angle. It was found that the contact angle of the coating was above 140 擄and had good acid-alkali resistance.Hydrophobic particles are rapidly sprayed onto the fabric to obtain self-repairing hydrophobic cotton fabric.By spraying the hydrophobic nanoparticles onto the cotton fabric, the contact angle of the cotton fabric modified by the super hydrophobic cotton fabric. MSN modified cotton fabric can reach 155.7 擄, the contact angle of the cotton fabric modified by the modified cotton fabric can reach 155.7 擄, the contact angle of the cotton fabric modified by the superhydrophobic cotton fabric is up to 155.7 擄, and 100W power is selected by plasma etching apparatus under 5Pa pressure.After 5 times etching, the MSN fabric has good hydrophobicity self-repair, while the recovery rate of MSN surface is slow, which is related to the different microstructure of the modified fabric surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB383.1;TS195.5

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