發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-01 13:22

  本文選題：靜電紡絲　切入點(diǎn)：過渡金屬氧化物　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：近年來，納米級(jí)過渡金屬氧化物因具有良好的電、光、力學(xué)等性能逐漸成為研究熱點(diǎn)。靜電紡絲法憑借其操作簡單、方便等優(yōu)勢(shì)，成為制備納米金屬氧化物纖維的主要手段。然而，傳統(tǒng)靜電紡絲法制備納米金屬氧化物材料還存在形貌過于單一、應(yīng)用性不強(qiáng)等局限性�；谶@種現(xiàn)狀，完善納米纖維材料的制備方法是必要的。由此，本論文提出了靜電紡絲法分別結(jié)合溶膠-凝膠、物質(zhì)改性、物理吸附、液-固反應(yīng)等技術(shù)，以得到形貌多樣、應(yīng)用性強(qiáng)的產(chǎn)物。金屬氧化物纖維的形貌和性質(zhì)還受靜電紡絲過程中聚合物參數(shù)的影響。為了探究聚合物模板對(duì)氧化物纖維形貌的影響行為，本論文選取三種合成高分子材料作為模板，制備了幾種形貌特殊的納米過渡金屬氧化物，并對(duì)其形成機(jī)理進(jìn)行了研究。主要工作內(nèi)容如下： 第一，以聚乳酸（PLA）為模板，利用靜電紡絲法分別結(jié)合溶膠-凝膠、物質(zhì)改性、物理吸附的技術(shù)制備出表面帶有條紋的TiO2納米纖維、ZnO納米纖維及具有多層結(jié)構(gòu)的納米NiO產(chǎn)物，既簡化了過渡金屬氧化物納米纖維的制備過程，又解決了ZnO纖維無法通過直接煅燒制備的問題。通過對(duì)上述纖維的光催化活性、氣體傳感性的研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)新形貌有利于提高性能。 第二，利用一步擴(kuò)鏈法合成(ABA)n型聚乳酸-聚己內(nèi)酯二元醇共聚物（PCLA），并以其為模板，通過靜電紡絲法結(jié)合溶膠-凝膠及煅燒技術(shù)制備出形貌特殊的Mn2O3納米褶皺和Mn3O4納米棒，并研究其催化性質(zhì)。此外，還將PCLA作為底物，通過溶劑-紫外光結(jié)合法原位還原Ag+制備出負(fù)載Ag納米顆粒（AgNPs）的PCLA纖維。該方法解決了普通溶劑還原法耗時(shí)長、粒子易團(tuán)聚的問題，實(shí)現(xiàn)了納米粒子在聚合物纖維中的均勻分散。 第三，以含苯羧基線性聚芳醚酮（PCA-PAEK）為中心，首次制備出純PCA-PAEK超細(xì)纖維，，并以其為模板，利用液-固反應(yīng)結(jié)合煅燒技術(shù)，分別制備出繩索狀的CuO纖維、帶孔的CdO纖維及鏤空的CuO/CdO復(fù)合纖維，實(shí)現(xiàn)了不同成分金屬氧化物納米纖維的制備。 通過對(duì)上述金屬氧化物形貌形成機(jī)制的研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)金屬氧化物的最終形態(tài)與聚合物模板的選擇有密切聯(lián)系。
[Abstract]:In recent years, nanoscale transition metal oxides have become a hot research area due to their excellent electrical, optical and mechanical properties.Electrostatic spinning has become the main method to prepare nano-metal oxide fiber because of its advantages such as simple operation and convenience.However, the traditional electrospinning method still has some limitations such as too single morphology and weak application.Based on this situation, it is necessary to perfect the preparation method of nanofiber materials.Therefore, the electrospinning method combined with sol-gel, material modification, physical adsorption, liquid-solid reaction and so on was proposed in this paper to obtain the products with various morphology and strong application.The morphology and properties of metal oxide fibers are also affected by polymer parameters during electrostatic spinning.In order to investigate the effect of polymer template on the morphology of oxide fibers, three kinds of synthetic polymer materials were selected as templates to prepare several nano-transition metal oxides with special morphology, and their formation mechanism was studied.The main tasks are as follows:Firstly, TiO2 nanofibers with striped surface and nanosized NiO products with multilayer structure were prepared by electrospinning with sol-gel modification and physical adsorption using polylactic acid (PLA) as template.It not only simplifies the preparation process of transition metal oxide nanofibers, but also solves the problem that ZnO fibers can not be prepared by direct calcination.Through the study of the photocatalytic activity and gas conductivity of the fibers, it is found that the new morphology is beneficial to the improvement of the performance.Secondly, Mn2O3 nanorods and Mn3O4 nanorods with special morphology were synthesized by one-step chain extension method, and the Mn2O3 nanorods with special morphology were prepared by electrospinning method combined with sol-gel and calcination techniques, using the poly (lactic acid-polycaprolactone) diol diol copolymers as a template.Its catalytic properties were studied.In addition, PCLA was used as substrate to prepare PCLA fibers loaded with Ag nanoparticles by in situ reduction of Ag by solvent-UV combination method.This method solves the problem of long time consuming and easy agglomeration of particles in ordinary solvent reduction method, and realizes the uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in polymer fibers.Thirdly, the pure PCA-PAEK ultrafine fiber was prepared by using linear polyaryl ether ketone (PCA-PAEK) containing benzene carboxyl group as the center for the first time. Using it as a template, the cord-like CuO fibers were prepared by liquid-solid reaction combined with calcination technology, respectively.The preparation of metal oxide nanofibers with different composition was realized by porous CdO fiber and hollow CuO/CdO composite fiber.It is found that the final morphology of metal oxides is closely related to the selection of polymer templates.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB383.1;TQ340.64

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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2 邵長路,關(guān)宏宇,溫尚彬,陳彬,韓冬雪,龔劍,楊興華,劉益春;靜電紡絲法制備NiO納米纖維及其表征[J];高等學(xué)校化學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2004年06期

本文編號(hào)：1695772