本文選題：碳纖維復(fù)合材料　切入點(diǎn)：有限元仿真　出處：《中北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：碳纖維復(fù)合材料具有強(qiáng)度高、耐熱性與耐腐蝕性好、出色的抗沖擊特性以及比重小等優(yōu)異的性能,現(xiàn)已經(jīng)廣泛的應(yīng)用于國防、航空航天、汽車等領(lǐng)域。但是由于具有各向異性的特征,以及纖維束的脆性,很容易在切削加工過程中產(chǎn)生毛刺、分層、斷裂等缺陷,屬于典型的難加工材料,這些加工缺陷也嚴(yán)重制約著加工質(zhì)量和加工效率。針對這些切削加工存在的問題,本文通過分析纖維的切削機(jī)理,運(yùn)用ABAQUS/Explicit有限元仿真模塊建立切削仿真模型,對切削加工中會影響加工效果的比較關(guān)鍵的因素進(jìn)行逐個分析以優(yōu)化切削參數(shù),提高加工質(zhì)量,主要研究內(nèi)容如下:首先,以單層碳纖維復(fù)合材料板為研究對象,建立切削加工中纖維束的受力模型,對受力情況進(jìn)行說明;分析對不同纖維角度下纖維的切削機(jī)理以及切屑的形成機(jī)理,在此基礎(chǔ)上推導(dǎo)切削力理論計(jì)算公式;其次,運(yùn)用有限元法分析研究切削加工過程,默認(rèn)切削深度為0.2mm,刀具前角為15,纖維角度為0,刀尖圓角半徑為0.01mm通過有限元軟件ABAQUS/Explicit建立二元正交切削仿真模型;然后,以二元正交切削仿真模型為基礎(chǔ),將表面粗糙度與切削力作為研究對象,切削深度、纖維角度、刀尖圓角半徑和刀具前角作為切削變量,先改變單一變量值探究表面粗糙度和切削力的變化規(guī)律,再在單一變量基礎(chǔ)上改變另一變量進(jìn)一步分析觀察表面粗糙度和切削力的整體規(guī)律變化情況,通過不同變量間的相互作用與影響可以得出不同變量在變化時對表面粗糙度和切削力的不同變化規(guī)律,從而可以對變量數(shù)值進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,為實(shí)際切削加工提供一定的理論基礎(chǔ)。最后,得出當(dāng)各變量值一定時,纖維角度為90時的表面加工質(zhì)量最好,切削力值最小,纖維角度為135時表面加工質(zhì)量最差,切削力值最大;當(dāng)變量發(fā)生變化時,對應(yīng)的最大應(yīng)力值與切削力值呈整體變化趨勢;于變量切削深度而言,在取值范圍中0.2mm對應(yīng)的數(shù)值最大,0.05mm對應(yīng)的數(shù)值最小,即切削深度越小越好;于變量刀具前角而言,在取值范圍中10與20對應(yīng)的數(shù)值較小,40對應(yīng)的數(shù)值最大,即刀具前角應(yīng)取較小值;于刀尖圓角半徑而言,在取值范圍中0.01mm對應(yīng)的數(shù)值最大,0.02mm和0.03mm對應(yīng)的數(shù)值較小,即實(shí)際加工切削中刀尖圓角半徑應(yīng)取較大值;
[Abstract]:Carbon fiber composites with high strength, heat resistance and corrosion resistance, excellent impact resistance and small proportion of excellent properties, has been widely used in national defense, aerospace, But because of its anisotropic characteristics and the brittleness of fiber bundles, it is easy to produce burr, delamination, fracture and other defects in the cutting process. These defects also seriously restrict the machining quality and efficiency. In view of the problems existing in these cutting processes, this paper analyzes the cutting mechanism of the fiber, and establishes the cutting simulation model by using the ABAQUS/Explicit finite element simulation module. In order to optimize the cutting parameters and improve the machining quality, the key factors affecting the machining effect are analyzed one by one. The main research contents are as follows: firstly, the single-layer carbon fiber composite plate is taken as the research object. The stress model of fiber bundle in cutting machining is established, and the stress situation is explained. The cutting mechanism and chip formation mechanism of fiber under different fiber angles are analyzed, and the theoretical formula of cutting force is deduced. The finite element method is used to analyze the cutting process. The default cutting depth is 0.2 mm, the cutting tool front angle is 15, the fiber angle is 0, and the radius of the cutting tip is 0.01mm. The simulation model of binary orthogonal cutting is established by the finite element software ABAQUS/Explicit. Based on the binary orthogonal cutting simulation model, the surface roughness and cutting force are taken as the research objects. The cutting depth, fiber angle, cutting tip radius and cutting tool front angle are taken as cutting variables. Firstly, the change of surface roughness and cutting force is studied by changing the value of single variable, and then the variation of surface roughness and cutting force is analyzed and observed by changing another variable on the basis of single variable. Through the interaction and influence of different variables, different variation laws of surface roughness and cutting force of different variables can be obtained, and the numerical value of variables can be optimized. Finally, it is concluded that when the fiber angle is 90, the surface processing quality is the best, the cutting force value is the least, and the fiber angle is 135, the surface processing quality is the worst. The value of cutting force is the largest, when the variable changes, the corresponding maximum stress value and cutting force value show an overall change trend, in the variable cutting depth, the value corresponding to the maximum value of 0.05mm corresponding to the 0.2mm value is the smallest in the range of variable cutting. That is, the smaller the cutting depth, the better, in the variable cutting tool front angle, the value corresponding to 10 and 20 is the largest in the range of values, that is, the tool front angle should be smaller; for the radius of the tool tip, In the range of value, the maximum value of 0.01mm corresponds to 0.02mm and the value of 0.03mm is smaller, that is to say, the radius of cutter tip should be larger in actual machining.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ342.742;TB33

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