本文選題：聚酰亞胺　切入點(diǎn)：碳納米管　出處：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：聚酰亞胺(PI)薄膜基于其本身的高絕緣性能、耐高低溫性能、高強(qiáng)度等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在F、H級(jí)電機(jī)、變壓器、電器絕緣、柔性印刷線(xiàn)路板、手機(jī)、電腦等電器電子行業(yè)具有廣泛應(yīng)用[1-2]。然而，隨著對(duì)電子器件微型化發(fā)展的需要，PI薄膜的性能也有待提高。近年，無(wú)機(jī)納米粒子改性PI薄膜的研究工作在不斷開(kāi)展，采用碳納米管(MWNTs)改性PI薄膜已經(jīng)取得了一定研究成果[3-5]，但主要集中于對(duì)其耐電暈、耐擊穿性能的改善，而對(duì)兩相復(fù)合體系力、電、熱綜合性能的測(cè)試及分析比較少見(jiàn)。MWNTs作為一維長(zhǎng)纖維狀材料，，除具有極佳的導(dǎo)電性能外，也擁有較高的強(qiáng)度和耐熱性能，將其添加到PI基體中，勢(shì)必會(huì)對(duì)薄膜的力、電、熱綜合性能產(chǎn)生影響，然而MWNTs表面能大，易團(tuán)聚，不易在基體中分散，進(jìn)而限制了其長(zhǎng)纖維作用的發(fā)揮。因此，本文采用不同方式對(duì)MWNTs進(jìn)行表面處理，并將表面處理后的MWNTs添加到PI基體中，研究表面處理后的MWNTs對(duì)薄膜力、電、熱性能的影響。 本文采用原位聚合法，以均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)和4,4′-二胺基二苯醚(ODA)為原料，將表面處理后的MWNTs與單體混合制備MWNTs/PAA雜化膠液，模擬工業(yè)流延法進(jìn)行鋪膜，最后經(jīng)熱亞胺化制得PI薄膜。MWNTs的表面處理效果影響因素眾多，本文采用超聲法、混酸法和芬頓法三種方法對(duì)MWNTs進(jìn)行表面處理，探討影響MWNTs表面處理效果的因素，以期通過(guò)表面處理后的MWNTs來(lái)提高PI薄膜的拉伸強(qiáng)度，并在此條件下，研究表面處理后的MWNTs對(duì)PI薄膜介電性能和熱性能的影響。SEM測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，經(jīng)超聲法處理后的MWNTs纏結(jié)被解開(kāi)，經(jīng)混酸處理4h、8h、12h后的MWNTs被切短，纏結(jié)現(xiàn)象明顯減少，MWNTs長(zhǎng)度分布也變小，能較均勻的分散在乙醇溶液中；FTIR測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，經(jīng)混酸法處理后的MWNTs表面接枝上了羧基以及羥基官能團(tuán)，經(jīng)芬頓法處理后的MWNTs表面接枝上了羥基官能團(tuán)；XRD測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，經(jīng)混酸法處理后的MWNTs使PI薄膜的分子有序度提高。MWNTs/PI復(fù)合薄膜拉伸測(cè)試結(jié)果顯示，混酸處理8h的MWNTs改性的PI薄膜拉伸強(qiáng)度值大于混酸處理4h和12h的MWNTs改性的PI薄膜，芬頓試劑處理的MWNTs使PI薄膜的拉伸強(qiáng)度值大于混酸處理的MWNTs改性的PI薄膜，且其介電常數(shù)和介電損耗相對(duì)較低，使薄膜的介電強(qiáng)度提升更為明顯；在MWNTs添加量為2.0wt%時(shí)，混酸處理的MWNTs改性的PI薄膜和芬頓試劑處理的MWNTs改性的PI薄膜仍表現(xiàn)出良好的絕緣性。芬頓法處理的MWNTs更好地兼顧了復(fù)合薄膜的拉伸性能和介電性能。熱性能測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，在本實(shí)驗(yàn)添加量下，經(jīng)表面處理后的MWNTs的加入并未對(duì)PI薄膜的熱分解溫度產(chǎn)生明顯影響。
[Abstract]:Polyimide (Pi) thin film based on its own high insulation, high and low temperature resistance, high strength and other advantages, in FG class motor, transformer, electrical insulation, flexible printed circuit board, mobile phone, The electrical and electronic industries such as computer have been widely used [1-2]. However, the properties of Pi thin films need to be improved with the development of miniaturization of electronic devices. In recent years, the research work of inorganic nanoparticles modified Pi thin films has been carried out continuously. Some research results have been obtained by using MWNTs to modify Pi thin films, but the main focus is on improving the corona resistance and breakdown resistance of Pi films, while on the two phase composite system. The test and analysis of thermal comprehensive properties are rare. MWNTs, as one dimensional long fibrous material, not only have excellent electrical conductivity, but also have high strength and heat resistance. Adding them to Pi matrix is bound to affect the force and electricity of the film. However, the surface energy of MWNTs is large, it is easy to agglomerate, and it is not easy to disperse in the matrix, which limits the function of long fiber. Therefore, the surface treatment of MWNTs is carried out in different ways in this paper. The surface treated MWNTs was added to Pi substrate to study the effect of surface treated MWNTs on the mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of the film. In this paper, in situ polymerization, MWNTs/PAA hybrid solution was prepared by mixing the surface treated MWNTs with monomers from PMDAs of tetracarboxylic acid (PMDAA) and 4H4C4-diamino-diphenyl ether (ODAA), and the film was prepared by simulated industrial flow casting method. Finally, there are many factors affecting the surface treatment effect of Pi film. In this paper, ultrasonic method, mixed acid method and Fenton method are used to treat the surface of MWNTs, and the factors that affect the surface treatment effect of MWNTs are discussed. In order to improve the tensile strength of Pi films by surface treated MWNTs, the effects of MWNTs on the dielectric and thermal properties of Pi films were studied under these conditions. The results showed that the MWNTs entanglement after ultrasonic treatment was solved. After being treated with mixed acid for 4 h or 8 h or 12 h, the MWNTs was cut short, the entanglement phenomenon was obviously reduced and the length distribution of MWNTs was also reduced. The results of FTIR measurements showed that the surface of MWNTs treated by mixed acid treatment was grafted with carboxyl groups and hydroxyl functional groups. After Fenton method, hydroxyl functional groups were grafted on the surface of MWNTs. The results showed that the MWNTs treated by mixed acid method increased the molecular order of Pi films. The tensile strength of Pi film modified by MWNTs for 8 h was higher than that of Pi film modified by MWNTs for 4 h and 12 h after mixed acid treatment. The tensile strength of Pi film treated by Fenton reagent was higher than that of Pi film modified by MWNTs treated with Fenton reagent. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the films are relatively low, which makes the dielectric strength of the films more obvious, and when the content of MWNTs is 2.0 wt%, The Pi film modified by MWNTs and MWNTs modified by Fenton reagent still show good insulation. The tensile and dielectric properties of the composite film are better taken into account by Fenton MWNTs. The addition of MWNTs after surface treatment has no obvious effect on the thermal decomposition temperature of Pi films.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB383.2;TQ317

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