發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-30 05:10

  本文選題：電致變色　切入點(diǎn)：納米結(jié)構(gòu)　出處：《青島科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于電致變色器件可以進(jìn)行可逆的顏色變化并動(dòng)態(tài)的調(diào)控光線(xiàn)和熱量的入射強(qiáng)度,使其受到了廣泛的關(guān)注。目前,電致變色薄膜可以用于建筑物、汽車(chē)、飛機(jī)等的玻璃窗上,作為智能窗、汽車(chē)防眩后視鏡、顯示屏等等。本文中分別以不同的方法制備了氧化鎳和普魯士藍(lán)的納米結(jié)構(gòu),通過(guò)沉積、旋涂或電沉積等方法制備成膜,對(duì)薄膜的電致變色性能進(jìn)行了研究。材料的電致變色性能與材料本身的形貌和尺寸密切相關(guān)。本文得到的主要研究結(jié)果如下：(1)采用將反應(yīng)體系先水熱處理后將水熱產(chǎn)物煅燒的方法制備出具有花狀微納結(jié)構(gòu)的氧化鎳(NiO)。然后使花狀微納結(jié)構(gòu)的氧化鎳均勻分散后,通過(guò)沉積使其在導(dǎo)電玻璃上成膜。通過(guò)X射線(xiàn)粉末衍射儀,透射電鏡,掃描電鏡,熱重分析儀,紫外分光光度計(jì)以及電化學(xué)工作站對(duì)氧化鎳花狀微納結(jié)構(gòu)及其薄膜的物相、形貌、受熱行為和電致變色性能進(jìn)行了測(cè)試和分析。在合成過(guò)程中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)硫酸鉀的濃度對(duì)花狀微納結(jié)構(gòu)前驅(qū)體的生成起著至關(guān)重要的作用,提出了氧化鎳花狀微納結(jié)構(gòu)的生長(zhǎng)機(jī)理。由于電解液中的離子能夠快速擴(kuò)散到花狀微納結(jié)構(gòu)的納米片中,所以花狀氧化鎳微納結(jié)構(gòu)薄膜的變色響應(yīng)速度很快。在300℃煅燒1.5h的氧化鎳薄膜具有較快的著色/褪色響應(yīng)速度(著色響應(yīng)時(shí)間為1.3 s,褪色響應(yīng)時(shí)間為3.2s),較高的著色效率(49.8cm2·C-1),使其有望應(yīng)用于快速響應(yīng)的智能變色窗。(2)用聚苯乙烯納米球作模板,通過(guò)模板法制備了厚度約為10 nm的氧化鎳超薄納米片。發(fā)現(xiàn)尿素濃度對(duì)模板表面納米片的形成有著至關(guān)重要的影響,根據(jù)觀察到的實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象提出了氧化鎳超薄納米片的形成機(jī)理。由于氧化鎳超薄納米片可以提供較大的活性表面積,可以加快離子和電子的注入/抽出速度,從而使得電致變色響應(yīng)速度加快。通過(guò)透過(guò)率以及循環(huán)伏安等方法在1.0 mol·L-1 KOH電解液中對(duì)薄膜的電致變色性能進(jìn)行了研究,結(jié)果表明所制備的薄膜具有較寬的透過(guò)率調(diào)制范圍(～40.1%),較快的著色/褪色響應(yīng)速度(著色響應(yīng)時(shí)間為5.4 s,褪色響應(yīng)時(shí)間為3.2s)和較高的電致變色著色效率(43.5 cm2·C-1)。(3)通過(guò)恒電流電沉積法制備普魯士藍(lán)薄膜。分別以空白的ITO導(dǎo)電玻璃為襯底和旋涂有堿式硅酸鎳的ITO導(dǎo)電玻璃為襯底進(jìn)行電沉積以制備具有不同表面形貌的普魯士藍(lán)薄膜。以旋涂有堿式硅酸鎳的ITO導(dǎo)電玻璃為襯底制備的普魯士藍(lán)薄膜在700 nm處著色態(tài)與褪色態(tài)之間最大透過(guò)率調(diào)制范圍為46.5%,著色響應(yīng)時(shí)間為1.5s,褪色態(tài)響應(yīng)時(shí)間為1.6s；而以空白ITO導(dǎo)電玻璃為襯底制備的普魯士藍(lán)薄膜在700nm處著色態(tài)與褪色態(tài)的之間最大透過(guò)率調(diào)制范圍只有36.6%,著色響應(yīng)時(shí)間為2.6s,褪色響應(yīng)時(shí)間為2.4s。
[Abstract]:Electrochromic devices have attracted wide attention due to their reversible color changes and dynamic control of the incident intensity of light and heat. At present, electrochromic films can be used in glass windows of buildings, cars, aircraft, etc. As smart windows, automotive rearview mirrors, displays, etc. In this paper, nickel oxide and Prussian blue nanostructures were prepared by different methods, and the films were prepared by deposition, spin coating or electrodeposition. The electrochromic properties of the films are studied. The electrochromic properties of the films are closely related to the morphology and size of the materials themselves. The main results obtained in this paper are as follows: 1) the reaction system was hydrothermal and then water was treated. Nickel oxide with flower-like micro-nano structure was prepared by calcination of hot products, and then the nickel oxide with flower-like micro-nano structure was uniformly dispersed. Films were formed on conductive glass by deposition, and by X-ray powder diffractometer, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, thermogravimetric analyzer, ultraviolet spectrophotometer and electrochemical workstation, The morphology, thermal behavior and electrochromic properties were measured and analyzed. During the synthesis process, we found that the concentration of potassium persulfate plays an important role in the formation of flower-like nanocrystalline precursors. The growth mechanism of the flower-like nanostructure of nickel oxide was proposed. Therefore, the discoloration response rate of the flower-like nickel oxide film is very fast. The nickel oxide film calcined at 300 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1684481