本文選題：超級(jí)電容器　切入點(diǎn)：泡沫鎳　出處：《青島科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：超級(jí)電容器具有可快速循環(huán)充放電、高的功率密度和能量密度、循環(huán)壽命長等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在許多領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。電極材料對(duì)超級(jí)電容器的性能起著重要作用。過渡金屬氫氧化物和氧化物具有優(yōu)異的電化學(xué)性質(zhì)且價(jià)格低廉、環(huán)境友好,近年來它們作為潛在的超級(jí)電容器電極材料引起科技工作者的廣泛關(guān)注。本文選擇氫氧化鎳、氧化鎳及其復(fù)合材料,研究了合成條件、結(jié)構(gòu)修飾和材料復(fù)合對(duì)電極材料電化學(xué)性能的影響。主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:1.采用原位生長法,以泡沫鎳為基底和鎳源,利用水熱法在泡沫鎳(NF)基底上原位合成Ni(OH)_2納米片,制備Ni(OH)_2/NF電極,利用SEM、XRD等手段對(duì)其形貌和物相進(jìn)行表征,探索了Ni(OH)_2納米片最優(yōu)生長條件。將Ni(OH)_2/NF作為工作電極利用循環(huán)伏安、恒電流充放電、交流阻抗及循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性等一系列的電化學(xué)性能測試手段,研究Ni(OH)_2/NF電極的超級(jí)電容性能。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):在180℃,6h的水熱條件下生長的Ni(OH)_2/NF電極在2 mol/LKOH溶液中具有較高的比電容和良好的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性。在電流密度為1 A/g時(shí),比容量高達(dá)850 F/g,充放電循環(huán)1000次后,該電極的比容量仍能保持最初比容量的95%,表明所制備的Ni(OH)_2/NF具有良好的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性。2.采用原位生長法在泡沫鎳上生長多級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)的MnCO_3/Ni(OH)_2納米復(fù)合材料,制備MnCO_3/Ni(OH)_2/NF復(fù)合電極,電化學(xué)測試結(jié)果表明,復(fù)合MnCO_3后電極的比電容有顯著提高,在電流密度為1 A/g時(shí),比電容可達(dá)到2150 F/g,且通過1000次充放電循環(huán)后,仍能保持91%的比電容。3.采用噴霧干燥技術(shù)制備前驅(qū)體,進(jìn)而熱分解得到CeO_2/Ni/NiO多孔復(fù)合微球材料,利用SEM、XRD等技術(shù)對(duì)所得樣品的形貌和成分進(jìn)行表征。探究了不同形貌的CeO_2/Ni/NiO的電化學(xué)性能,結(jié)果顯示形貌規(guī)則、顆粒大小均一的CeO_2/Ni/NiO多孔復(fù)合微球的比電容、阻抗性能優(yōu)越。
[Abstract]:Supercapacitors have the advantages of rapid cycle charge and discharge, high power density and energy density, long cycle life, etc. Electrode materials play an important role in the performance of supercapacitors. Transition metal hydroxides and oxides have excellent electrochemical properties and are inexpensive and environmentally friendly. In recent years, as potential electrode materials for supercapacitors, they have attracted wide attention of scientists and technologists. In this paper, nickel hydroxide, nickel oxide and its composite materials have been selected and the synthetic conditions have been studied. Effects of structural Modification and Composites on Electrochemical Properties of electrode Materials. The main contents and results are as follows: 1. In situ synthesis of Ni(OH)_2 nanoparticles on nickel foam substrates using nickel foam as substrate and nickel source by in situ growth method. The Ni(OH)_2/NF electrode was prepared, and the morphology and phase were characterized by means of Ni(OH)_2/NF. The optimum growth conditions of Ni(OH)_2 nanoparticles were explored. Ni(OH)_2/NF was used as the working electrode to use cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge and discharge. A series of electrochemical performance testing methods, such as AC impedance and cyclic stability, The supercapacitor performance of Ni(OH)_2/NF electrode was studied. The results show that the Ni(OH)_2/NF electrode grown at 180 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1671606