本文選題：碳納米管　切入點(diǎn)：化學(xué)接枝　出處：《魯東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：自發(fā)現(xiàn)碳納米管(CNTs)以來,CNTs在過去的幾十年中引起了極大的關(guān)注,因?yàn)樘技{米管可以應(yīng)用到材料學(xué)的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域中。特別值得說的是因?yàn)镃NTs具有高模量、高強(qiáng)度、極低的密度和超高的管徑比等非常理想的機(jī)械性能,所以CNTs被看成了非常理想的增強(qiáng)聚合物機(jī)械性能的填充物。以往的研究表明,CNTs想要成為一種非常好的增強(qiáng)材料,那么就得解決CNTs容易團(tuán)聚的問題。到目前為止,報(bào)道了很多種改性CNTs的方法。在眾多的修飾CNTs的聚合物中,PPTA無疑是一種非常好的材料,因?yàn)樗且环N非常著名的高性能聚合物材料,擁有許多良好的性能,例如,在航空航天、汽車、彈道面料和化工石油等領(lǐng)域都有應(yīng)用。PPTA和CNTs兩種超強(qiáng)材料的結(jié)合,所產(chǎn)生的的協(xié)同效應(yīng)能夠加強(qiáng)各種高分子材料。本文將環(huán)氧氯丙烷接到PPTA表面,得到了一些列環(huán)氧化程度不同的PPTA-ECH-x。熱重分析表明,PPTA-ECH熱穩(wěn)定性降低,并且隨著環(huán)氧化程度的不斷增大,穩(wěn)定性越來越差;紅外光譜分析表明,在1544cm-1處N-H鍵的彎曲振動(dòng)峰的峰值隨著ECH含量的不斷增強(qiáng)逐漸減弱,甚至當(dāng)環(huán)氧化程度達(dá)到最大時(shí),峰值幾乎消失;通過透射電鏡表明,隨著環(huán)氧化程度的不斷增大,成根的納米纖維變成了納米纖維球。接下來我們采用物理方法和化學(xué)方法分別用PPTA-ECH-x去修飾碳納米管(MWNTs)和氨基碳納米管(MWNTs-NH2),得到了功能化的芳綸物理修飾的碳納米管系列材料即PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x和功能化的芳綸化學(xué)修飾的氨基碳納米管系列材料即PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x。通過熱重分析表明,改性后的CNTs熱穩(wěn)定很好,并且通過失重比計(jì)算出了包覆在碳納米管表面的PPTA-ECH的含量,隨著環(huán)氧化程度的不斷增加,PPTA-ECH的含量也在不斷的增大,這有可能是ECH的含量增加導(dǎo)致了PPTA-ECH含量的增加;透射電鏡分析表明,改性的PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x和PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x的管壁變得粗糙并且管壁變厚,說明PPTA-ECH成功的包覆到了碳納米管的表面;XPS分析證明了成功的以化學(xué)鍵的方式改性了MWNTs-NH2將PPTA-ECH接到了其表面。在這篇論文中,將PPTA-ECH分別以物理方法和化學(xué)方法包覆到碳納米管的表面得到PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x和PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x材料,將PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x和PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x分別填充到聚合物聚氯乙烯(PVC)中,澆鑄成膜通過拉力測試分析對PVC的屈服強(qiáng)度、楊氏模量和韌性的影響。我們發(fā)現(xiàn),PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x/PVC復(fù)合薄膜的屈服強(qiáng)度、楊氏模量和韌性相對于純的PVC來說分別提高了113.64%~227.84%、73.81%~201.56%和229.77~589.96%;PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x/PVC復(fù)合薄膜的屈服強(qiáng)度、楊氏模量和韌性相對于純的PVC來說分別提高了158.01%~215.08%、45.79%~153.13%和311.21~540.81%。通過對比發(fā)現(xiàn)在最佳填充重量比時(shí),PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x/PVC和PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x/PVC的最大屈服強(qiáng)度、楊氏模量和韌性都比于文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道的PPTA-MWNTs/PVC和PPTA-MWNTs-NH2/PVC增強(qiáng)效果要提升很多。這就表明PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x和PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2都能對PVC的力學(xué)性能起到增強(qiáng)的效果,并且化學(xué)接枝方式修飾CNTs的要比物理修飾CNTs的效果要稍微好一點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) CNTs has attracted great attention in the past few decades, because carbon nanotubes can be applied to various fields of materials science. Especially it is worth to say that because the CNTs has high modulus, high strength, mechanical properties of extremely low density and high diameter ratio is very ideal so, CNTs is regarded as a reinforcing filler the mechanical properties of polymers are very ideal. Previous studies have shown that CNTs wants to be a very good reinforcing material, so easy to solve CNTs aggregation problem. So far, many methods reported modified CNTs. In the modified CNTs the polymer, PPTA is undoubtedly a very good material, because it is a very famous high performance polymer material has many good properties, such as cars, in aerospace, chemical industry, ballistic fabrics and oil fields A combined application of.PPTA and CNTs two kinds of super material, which produce a synergistic effect to strengthen various polymer materials. In this paper, epichlorohydrin to PPTA surface, PPTA-ECH-x. got some heat column ring of different oxidation degree analysis showed that the lower the thermal stability of PPTA-ECH, and with the increasing of epoxidation degree, stability and the worse; infrared spectrum analysis showed that in bending vibration peak at 1544cm-1 peak of N-H bond with the content of ECH increased gradually, even when the epoxidation degree reaches the maximum, the peak almost disappeared; by means of transmission electron microscope showed that with the increasing of epoxidation degree, into nanofibers root into nano fiber ball next we use the methods of physical and chemical methods to modify carbon nanotubes by PPTA-ECH-x (MWNTs) and amino carbon nanotubes (MWNTs-NH2), the function of Fang A series of amino carbon nanotubes carbon nanotubes modified polyamide series material physics PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x and functionalization of aramid fiber chemical modification of PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x. by thermogravimetric analysis showed that thermal stability of the modified CNTs is very good, and the weight ratio to calculate the content of coating on the surface of carbon nanotubes by PPTA-ECH, with the increase of epoxidation the degree of the content of PPTA-ECH is increasing, it is possible to increase the content of ECH leads to the increase of PPTA-ECH content; transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the tube wall of the modified PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x and PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x became rough and wall thickening, indicating that PPTA-ECH was successfully coated to the surface of carbon nanotubes; XPS analysis the success in the form of chemical bonding of modified MWNTs-NH2 PPTA-ECH received its surface. In this paper, PPTA-ECH respectively by physical method And the chemical method of the coating to the surface of carbon nanotubes by PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x and PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x materials, PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x and PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x were filled into polymer polyvinyl chloride (PVC), cast into films by tensile test analysis of the yield strength of PVC, influence of Young's modulus and toughness. We found that the yield strength of PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x/PVC composite films, the young's modulus and toughness compared to pure PVC were increased by 113.64%~227.84%, 73.81%~201.56% and 229.77~589.96%; PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x/PVC composite film yield strength, Young's modulus and toughness compared to pure PVC were increased by 158.01%~215.08%, 45.79%~153.13% and 311.21~540.81%. found in the best filling weight ratio when compared with PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x/PVC and PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x/PVC, the maximum yield strength, Young's modulus and toughness than to The reported PPTA-MWNTs/PVC and PPTA-MWNTs-NH2/PVC enhancement effect to improve a lot. It shows that PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x and PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2 are on the mechanical properties of PVC to enhance the effect, and the chemical grafting modification of CNTs mode than the physical modification effect of CNTs a little.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：魯東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ127.11;TB383.1

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