本文選題：活性炭　切入點：Fe2O3　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：超級電容器是介于傳統(tǒng)電容器和鋰離子電池之間新型的儲能元件,具有能量傳遞快、功率密度高、循環(huán)壽命長（105次）等優(yōu)點，是一種具有競爭力的儲能器件。超級電容器的一個很重要組成部分是電極，其性能是影響超級電容器性能的關(guān)鍵因素。 本文以活性炭、金屬鹽和沉淀劑為原料，通過溶劑熱法合成了金屬氧化物與活性炭和金屬氫氧化物與活性炭的復(fù)合材料。并采用XRD、SEM-EDS、FTIR、N2吸附-脫附曲線和TG-DSC等技術(shù)表征了所得復(fù)合材料的組成與結(jié)構(gòu)；用循環(huán)伏安法、恒流充放電法和交流阻抗法測量了復(fù)合材料的電化學(xué)性能。主要研究內(nèi)容如下： （1）采用FeCl36H2O、AC（石油焦活性炭）和沉淀劑NaOH溶劑熱合成了Fe2O3負載AC復(fù)合材料。所得復(fù)合材料具有高的比電容215F/g (電流密度為1A/g)和良好的倍率特性（40A/g容量保持率達65.1%）。其優(yōu)良的電化學(xué)性能主要源自于Fe2O3納米顆粒的高贗電容特性和AC的高比表面積/導(dǎo)電性，為電子/離子傳輸和離子存儲提供了高效的通道。 （2）采用四種不同沉淀劑NaOH、 CH3COONa、HMT、CO(NH2)2，研究了沉淀劑種類對復(fù)合材料電化學(xué)性能的影響。XRD、SEM-EDS和TG分析表明，所制備的復(fù)合材料由α-Fe2O3（含量：48.1、47.9、44.2、44.3%）納米粒子負載在AC顆粒（~20μm）上而形成。同時，沉淀劑的種類及其物質(zhì)的量對Fe2O3/AC復(fù)合材料的比電容具有顯著的影響。當(dāng)CH3COONa：FeCl3的摩爾比為9時，制備出的復(fù)合材料表現(xiàn)出最高的比電容240F/g（電流密度1A/g）；當(dāng)NaOH：FeCl3的摩爾比為1.5時，，制備出的復(fù)合材料表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)良的倍率特性，在電流密度為1A/g時，比電容為215F/g，而電流密度為2、5、10、20和40A/g時，容量保持率高達89.3、82.3、78.1、72.6和65.1%。 （3）以Co(NO3)2·6H2O、CO(NH2)2和AC為原料，利用溶劑熱法合成了Co(OH)2/AC復(fù)合材料。XRD、SEM-EDS、FTIR和TG分析表明，復(fù)合材料由~2μm非晶Co(OH)2片狀顆粒負載在AC顆粒上構(gòu)成。電化學(xué)測試表明當(dāng)電流密度為1A/g時，比電容達到301F/g，在電流密度為20A/g時，比電容為164F/g。相比之下，純Co(OH)2或AC在同等條件下比電容很低，分別為195和33F/g。復(fù)合材料優(yōu)良的電化學(xué)性能與AC的高導(dǎo)電性和Co(OH)2贗電容特性協(xié)同作用密切相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Supercapacitor is a new type of energy storage element between traditional capacitor and lithium ion battery. It has the advantages of fast energy transfer, high power density, long cycle life and so on. Supercapacitor is a kind of competitive energy storage device. An important component of supercapacitor is electrode, and its performance is the key factor affecting the performance of supercapacitor. In this paper, activated carbon, metal salts and precipitators are used as raw materials, The composite materials of metal oxide and activated carbon and metal hydroxide and activated carbon were synthesized by solvothermal method. The composition and structure of the composites were characterized by XRDX SEM-EDS FTIRN 2 adsorption and desorption curves and TG-DSC, and the composition and structure of the composites were characterized by cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical properties of composites were measured by constant current charge-discharge method and AC impedance method. The AC composites supported on Fe2O3 were prepared by the solvothermal reaction of FeCl 36 H 2O C and precipitator NaOH. The obtained composite has high specific capacitance 215F/g (current density 1 A / g) and good rate characteristic, the capacity retention rate of 40 Ar / g is 65.1%. The good electrochemical properties are mainly due to the high pseudo-capacitance characteristics of Fe2O3 nanoparticles and the high specific surface area / conductivity of AC. It provides an efficient channel for electron / ion transport and ion storage. (2) four different precipitators NaOH, CH3COONaHMTHMTHMTHMTCONH2O2 were used to study the effect of precipitators on the electrochemical properties of composites. The results of XRDX SEM-EDS and TG analysis showed that the composite was formed by 偽 -Fe _ 2O _ 3 (47.944.24.3) nanoparticles loaded on AC particles (20 渭 m). When the molar ratio of CH3COONa:FeCl3 is 9, the composite exhibits the highest specific capacitance (240F / g) (current density 1 / g), and when the molar ratio of NaOH:FeCl3 is 1.5, The prepared composites show excellent rate characteristics. When the current density is 1A/g, the specific capacitance is 215F / g, while the current density is 210g and 40A/g, the capacity retention rate is up to 82.3% 78.1% 72.6 and 65.1% respectively. Using Co(NO3)2 6H _ 2O COO _ 2 NH _ 2H _ 2 and AC as raw materials, Co(OH)2/AC composite. XRDX SEM-EDSX FTIR and TG analysis showed that the composite was supported on AC particles by amorphous Co(OH)2 flake particles of 2 渭 m. Electrochemical tests showed that the current density was 1A/g. The specific capacitance is 301F / g, and the specific capacitance is 164F / g when the current density is 20A/g. In contrast, the pure Co(OH)2 or AC has a lower capacitance under the same conditions. The excellent electrochemical properties of the composites are respectively 195 and 33F / g. The excellent electrochemical properties of the composites are closely related to the high conductivity of AC and the synergistic effect of the pseudo-capacitance characteristics of Co(OH)2.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332;TM53

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 唐麗;詹亮;楊光智;楊俊和;王艷莉;喬文明;凌立成;;雙電層電容器用中孔炭微球/活性炭復(fù)合電極的制備(英文)[J];新型炭材料;2011年03期

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