無(wú)溶劑量子點(diǎn)的設(shè)計(jì)合成及其宏觀響應(yīng)性能的研究
本文選題:無(wú)溶劑量子點(diǎn) 切入點(diǎn):PEG 出處:《華中師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文
【摘要】:半導(dǎo)體量子點(diǎn)有著獨(dú)特的物理性能和化學(xué)性能成為人們研究的熱點(diǎn),廣泛地應(yīng)用在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域如光電傳感器,光電子學(xué)以及生物成像等。傳統(tǒng)合成的量子點(diǎn)一般要分散在氯仿,水,乙醇等溶劑中,這極大的限制了它的進(jìn)一步加工和材料化,也限制了它在特殊領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。為解決傳統(tǒng)的溶劑依賴型的量子點(diǎn)難以加工的問(wèn)題,擴(kuò)大其應(yīng)用范圍人們發(fā)展了一種新穎的納米材料即無(wú)溶劑量子點(diǎn)。該量子點(diǎn)材料是直接在其表面進(jìn)行化學(xué)修飾通過(guò)接枝具有柔性長(zhǎng)鏈的有機(jī)物或者離子液體而合成,因此賦予材料新的特點(diǎn)如流動(dòng)性,熱穩(wěn)定性,可加工性等,基于這些特點(diǎn)使得材料在光電器件,智能流體探針,特殊溶劑等方面有著潛在的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。但是目前人們對(duì)無(wú)溶劑量子點(diǎn)的研究還處在初級(jí)階段,主要集中在材料的合成上,因此根據(jù)材料的特點(diǎn)開發(fā)材料新的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域是無(wú)溶劑量子點(diǎn)發(fā)展的必然趨勢(shì)。本論文著重圍繞開發(fā)更多功能化的無(wú)溶劑量子點(diǎn),通過(guò)分子設(shè)計(jì),構(gòu)建高選擇性宏觀響應(yīng)的無(wú)溶劑量子點(diǎn)體系,以實(shí)現(xiàn)材料的實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值來(lái)展開工作。并取得了一定的創(chuàng)新性研究成果。主要內(nèi)容如下:第一,主要選用了三種不同長(zhǎng)度的帶有柔性PEG鏈的兩性表面活性分子,通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的疏水相互作用將量子點(diǎn)由油相轉(zhuǎn)移至水相,制備出了三種高熒光強(qiáng)度的無(wú)溶劑量子點(diǎn);通過(guò)TEM、DSC、FL等表征證明了無(wú)溶劑量子點(diǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)的可控組裝;在此基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步研究了無(wú)溶劑1810-QDs對(duì)金屬離子在熒光和界面的響應(yīng)性能,結(jié)果表明1810-QDs可以對(duì)Cu2+產(chǎn)生熒光和接觸角雙響應(yīng),為無(wú)溶劑量子點(diǎn)用于構(gòu)建智能流體探針方面奠定了基礎(chǔ)。第二,通過(guò)運(yùn)用質(zhì)子交換組裝技術(shù),將柔性PEG鏈修飾到量子點(diǎn)表面,后利用柱芳烴和PEG烷基鏈的包結(jié)作用把柱芳烴組裝到體系中,通過(guò)層層組裝,得到了高熒光的無(wú)溶劑CdTe量子點(diǎn),該液態(tài)量子點(diǎn)材料可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)賴氨酸在溶液和宏觀上的響應(yīng)。最后,合成了扁桃酸衍生化的手性柔性PEG長(zhǎng)鏈,通過(guò)疏水作用修飾到量子點(diǎn)表面,合成了具有手性響應(yīng)功能的無(wú)溶劑CdSe量子點(diǎn)。并探究了該無(wú)溶劑量子點(diǎn)材料對(duì)手性氨基醇底物的選擇性,通過(guò)熒光,TEM,流變表征,該體系可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)客體(1R,2S)-2-氨基-1,2-苯乙醇在分子尺度,微觀尺度,宏觀尺度的高選擇性。
[Abstract]:Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) with unique physical and chemical properties have been widely used in many fields, such as photoelectric sensors, optoelectronics, bioimaging and so on. In water, ethanol and other solvents, this greatly limits its further processing and materialization, as well as its application in special fields. In order to solve the problem that traditional solvent-dependent quantum dots are difficult to process, A novel nano-material, solvent-free quantum dots, has been developed to expand its application. The quantum dot material is synthesized by grafting organic compounds or ionic liquids with flexible long chains directly on its surface by chemical modification. Therefore, new characteristics such as fluidity, thermal stability, processability and so on are given to the materials, which make the materials in optoelectronic devices, intelligent fluid probes, etc. Special solvents have potential application value. However, the study of solvent-free quantum dots is still in its infancy, focusing on the synthesis of materials. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend to develop new applications of solvent-free quantum dots according to the characteristics of materials. This paper focuses on the development of more functional solvent-free quantum dots through molecular design. In order to realize the practical application value of materials, a solventless quantum dot system with highly selective macro response was constructed. Some innovative research results were obtained. The main contents are as follows: first, Three kinds of amphoteric surface active molecules with flexible PEG chains were selected and three solventless quantum dots with high fluorescence intensity were prepared by simple hydrophobic interaction to transfer the quantum dots from the oil phase to the aqueous phase. The controllable assembly of solvent-free quantum dots was proved by the characterization of Tem DSC-FL, and the response of solvent-free 1810-QDs to metal ions in fluorescence and interface was further studied. The results show that 1810-QDs can produce both fluorescence and contact angle responses to Cu2. It lays a foundation for the use of solvent-free quantum dots in the construction of intelligent fluid probes. Secondly, flexible PEG chains are modified to the surface of quantum dots by using proton exchange assembly technology. Then the column aromatics were assembled into the system by the inclusion of the column aromatics and the PEG alkyl chain, and the solvent-free CdTe quantum dots with high fluorescence were obtained by layer-by-layer assembly. The liquid QDs can respond to lysine in solution and macroscopically. Finally, a chiral flexible PEG chain derived from mandelic acid is synthesized and modified to the surface of QDs by hydrophobic interaction. Solvent-free CdSe quantum dots with chiral response were synthesized. The selectivity of chiral amino-alcohol substrates of solvent-free QDs was investigated. The system can achieve high selectivity to the guest (1R ~ (2 +)) S _ (2) S ~ ((2)) -amino ~ (-1) N _ (2) phenylethyl alcohol at molecular scale, micro scale and macro scale.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:TB383.1
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