本文選題：傳感器　切入點(diǎn)：水溶性　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：量子點(diǎn)作為一種新型的納米發(fā)光材料,常常作為熒光標(biāo)記物用于生物傳感和細(xì)胞成像,而氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)與傳統(tǒng)量子點(diǎn)相比,不僅具有傳統(tǒng)量子點(diǎn)的優(yōu)良光學(xué)性質(zhì),還具有環(huán)境友好、無(wú)毒的性質(zhì),因此可以將其應(yīng)用于環(huán)境、食品和醫(yī)學(xué)等領(lǐng)域。對(duì)氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)進(jìn)行表面修飾,使氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)在水溶液中保持穩(wěn)定,能夠極大地促進(jìn)其在水樣及生物樣品中分析檢測(cè)中的使用。本文通過(guò)對(duì)氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)進(jìn)行表面修飾,使其能夠在水溶液中穩(wěn)定保存,且保有良好的熒光特性,并將其應(yīng)用于分析化學(xué)領(lǐng)域,構(gòu)建新型傳感器。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:1.基于聚乙烯亞胺修飾的氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)構(gòu)建熒光方法間接測(cè)定白酒的酒精度在本研究中,通過(guò)兩步法合成了能夠很好的分散在乙醇溶液中的聚乙烯亞胺修飾的氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)。并利用紫外吸收光譜、熒光光譜、紅外光譜、高分辨透射電鏡和場(chǎng)發(fā)射掃描電鏡對(duì)聚乙烯亞胺修飾的氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了表征。聚乙烯亞胺修飾的氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)在最佳激發(fā)(激發(fā)波長(zhǎng)為355 nm)下發(fā)射黃綠色的熒光(最佳發(fā)射波長(zhǎng)為527 nm)。在本研究工作中,利用聚乙烯亞胺修飾的氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)在水中和乙醇中的熒光性質(zhì)不同的原理,構(gòu)建了測(cè)定酒精度的熒光方法。隨著水分的增加,該量子點(diǎn)的熒光強(qiáng)度逐漸降低,該熒光方法在酒精度為20%-60%的范圍內(nèi)有一線性關(guān)系,能夠檢測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的人工樣品,同時(shí),利用該方法檢測(cè)市場(chǎng)上的白酒,可以得到令人滿意的結(jié)果。2.基于β-環(huán)糊精修飾的氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)構(gòu)建檢測(cè)對(duì)硝基苯酚的熒光傳感器在本研究工作中,通過(guò)一種簡(jiǎn)單的方法合成了一種水溶性較好的β-環(huán)糊精修飾的氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)。合成的量子點(diǎn)的平均粒徑約為3.64 nm,能夠發(fā)射出黃色的熒光,并且利用高分辨透射電鏡、紫外吸收光譜、熒光光譜和紅外光譜對(duì)這一量子點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了表征。該量子點(diǎn)可以被設(shè)計(jì)成檢測(cè)對(duì)硝基苯酚的熒光傳感器,該熒光傳感器的檢測(cè)范圍在1.0-40μM之間,且其檢測(cè)限為0.34μM。同時(shí),將該傳感器應(yīng)用于實(shí)際水樣的檢測(cè),得到很好的結(jié)果。同時(shí),對(duì)其檢測(cè)機(jī)理進(jìn)行了研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)硝基苯酚能夠和β-環(huán)糊精進(jìn)行絡(luò)合作用,同時(shí)與氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)之間進(jìn)行電子轉(zhuǎn)移,導(dǎo)致氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)的熒光猝滅。3.基于β-環(huán)糊精修飾的氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)構(gòu)建檢測(cè)鈷離子的熒光探針在本研究工作中建立了一種基于β-環(huán)糊精修飾的氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)檢測(cè)鈷離子的熒光方法,該熒光量子點(diǎn)有很強(qiáng)的黃綠色熒光并且能夠很好的分散在水溶液中,此外對(duì)其用紅外光譜、紫外光譜和高分辨透射電鏡進(jìn)行表征。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),該量子點(diǎn)的熒光能夠被鈷離子猝滅,因此,發(fā)展了一種檢測(cè)水溶液中鈷離子的熒光探針。該熒光探針的檢測(cè)范圍是1.0-10μM,檢測(cè)限是0.34μM,并且利用該探針?lè)治鏊畼又锈掚x子的情況,得到滿意結(jié)果。最后對(duì)其猝滅機(jī)理進(jìn)行了討論,發(fā)現(xiàn)鈷離子的加入會(huì)引起量子點(diǎn)的聚集,進(jìn)而熒光猝滅,因此其機(jī)理有可能是聚集誘導(dǎo)猝滅。4.基于聚乙二醇修飾的氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)構(gòu)建檢測(cè)銅離子的熒光傳感器作為一種重要的重金屬離子,銅離子會(huì)對(duì)其他的生物造成危害,因此需要建立一種高效、靈敏和有效的檢測(cè)環(huán)境中銅離子數(shù)量的方法。在本研究工作中,首先合成了一種水溶性的聚乙二醇修飾的熒光氧化鋅量子點(diǎn),該量子點(diǎn)通過(guò)一種簡(jiǎn)單的合成方法將聚乙二醇修飾到氧化鋅量子點(diǎn)表面,并利用熒光光譜、高分辨透射電鏡、紫外吸收光譜和紅外光譜對(duì)該量子點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了表征。同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),該量子點(diǎn)的熒光能夠被銅離子猝滅,因此,發(fā)展了一種檢測(cè)水溶液中銅離子的熒光探針。該熒光探針有兩個(gè)檢測(cè)范圍分別是1.0-10μM和10-200 nm,檢測(cè)限是3.33 n M,并且利用該探針?lè)治鏊畼又械你~離子濃度,可以得到滿意結(jié)果。最后對(duì)其猝滅機(jī)理進(jìn)行了討論,發(fā)現(xiàn)銅離子的加入會(huì)引起量子點(diǎn)的聚集,導(dǎo)致熒光猝滅,因此其機(jī)理可能是是聚集誘導(dǎo)猝滅。
[Abstract]:A new type of nano luminescent materials as quantum dots, are often used as a fluorescent marker for biosensing and cell imaging, and compared with the traditional Zinc Oxide quantum dot quantum dots, not only has excellent optical properties of traditional quantum dots, also has environmental friendly and non-toxic properties, so it can be applied in the environmental, food and medicine etc. Zinc Oxide field. Surface modification of quantum dots, Zinc Oxide quantum dots remained stable in aqueous solution, can greatly promote the analysis used in the detection of water and biological samples. Through surface modification of Zinc Oxide quantum dots, so that it can be kept stable in aqueous solution, and have good fluorescence characteristics, and its application in the field of analytical chemistry, construction of new sensors. The main contents are as follows: 1. Zinc Oxide quantum dots polyethyleneimine modified based on indirect fluorescence method Determination of liquor alcohol in this study, Zinc Oxide quantum dots polyethyleneimine modified can be well dispersed in the ethanol solution was synthesized by two steps. And using UV absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy of polyethyleneimine modified Zinc Oxide quantum dots. Polyethyleneimine modified Zinc Oxide quantum dots in optimum excitation (excitation wavelength is 355 nm) fluorescence emission yellow green (optimal emission wavelength of 527 nm). In this work, the principle of fluorescence properties of quantum dots using Zinc Oxide polyethyleneimine modified in water and ethanol in different construction. Fluorescence method for the determination of alcohol. With the increase of moisture content, the fluorescence intensity of the QDs decreased, the fluorescence method in the alcohol range of 20%-60% have a linear relationship, can. The laboratory test samples, at the same time, using the method of detection of liquor on the market, can get satisfactory results in.2. to construct the detection of p-nitrophenol fluorescence sensor in this work Zinc Oxide quantum dot cyclodextrin modified based on a Zinc Oxide quantum dot good water-soluble cyclodextrin modified was synthesized by a simple method. The average particle size of QDs is about 3.64 nm, which can emit yellow fluorescence, and high resolution transmission electron microscopy, UV absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra and IR spectra of the quantum dots were characterized. The quantum dots can be designed the fluorescence sensor of p-nitrophenol, the fluorescence sensor detection range between 1.0-40 M, and the detection limit was 0.34 M. at the same time, the detection of the sensor used in real samples, obtained very good results. At the same time, the The detection mechanism is studied, found that the complexation of p-nitrophenol and beta cyclodextrin, and between quantum dots and Zinc Oxide electron transfer, leading to fluorescence quenching of.3. quantum dots QDs Zinc Oxide Zinc Oxide beta cyclodextrin modified construction from the detection of cobalt fluorescence probe in this work established a fluorescence detection method of cobalt ion quantum dot Zinc Oxide beta cyclodextrin modified based on the fluorescent quantum dots have a strong yellow green fluorescence and can be well dispersed in aqueous solution, in addition to using infrared spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy characterization. The study found that the fluorescence quantum dots can be cobalt ion quenching, therefore, the development of fluorescent probe for detecting cobalt ions in aqueous solution. The detection range of the fluorescent probe is 1.0-10 M, the detection limit is 0.34 M, and the use of the probe The cobalt ion in water needle analysis, obtained satisfactory results. The quenching mechanism was discussed, found that the cobalt ion added will cause quantum dots aggregation, and fluorescence quenching, the mechanism may be aggregation induced quenching of.4. quantum dots Zinc Oxide PEGylated construct fluorescence sensor for the detection of copper ion as a based on the important heavy metal ions, copper ions will cause harm to other creatures, so it is necessary to establish an efficient, sensitive and effective method for quantitative detection of copper ions in the environment. In this work, we synthesized fluorescent quantum dots Zinc Oxide a water-soluble polyethylene glycol, the quantum point a a simple synthetic method of polyethylene glycol modified onto the surface of Zinc Oxide and the use of quantum dots, fluorescence spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, UV absorption spectra and infrared spectrum of the amount Quantum dots were characterized. At the same time, the fluorescence of the QDs can be copper ion quenching, therefore, the development of fluorescent probe for detection of copper ion in aqueous solution. The fluorescent probe with two detection range were 1.0-10 M and 10-200 nm, the detection limit is 3.33 n M, and the analysis of copper the ion concentration in water using the probe, can get satisfactory results. The quenching mechanism was discussed, found that the addition of copper ions can cause quantum dot aggregation induced fluorescence quenching, the mechanism may be induced by aggregation quenching.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O657.3;TB383.1

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本文編號(hào)：1651909