本文選題：導(dǎo)電高分子復(fù)合材料　切入點(diǎn)：拉伸應(yīng)變傳感　出處：《北京化工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：用于應(yīng)變傳感器的導(dǎo)電高分子復(fù)合材料(CPCs)已得到廣泛研究。不同應(yīng)用中需要大范圍的應(yīng)變靈敏度和高的重復(fù)性。本課題中,我們?cè)诩谆蚁┗柘鹉z(PMVS)中填充碳納米管(CNTA)和炭黑(CB)制得了導(dǎo)電復(fù)合材料,并系統(tǒng)研究了導(dǎo)電填料網(wǎng)絡(luò)、復(fù)合材料應(yīng)變傳感行為和疲勞周期下電性能穩(wěn)定性的關(guān)系。我們研究了填料用量和體積配比對(duì)填料導(dǎo)電網(wǎng)絡(luò)、復(fù)合材料應(yīng)變傳感行為和電性能穩(wěn)定性的影響,并試圖制備出一種兼具高靈敏度、重復(fù)性和疲勞周期下電性能穩(wěn)定性的導(dǎo)電復(fù)合材料。首先,我們選定剛開始逾滲時(shí)1.5vo1.%,逾滲快結(jié)束時(shí)3vo1.%和遠(yuǎn)超過逾滲區(qū)6vo1.%三個(gè)關(guān)鍵填料用量作為參考對(duì)象,并變換炭黑與碳納米管的體積配比(VCNTA/VCB=0:10,4：6,10：0),研究了形成的導(dǎo)電復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)電性能和力學(xué)性能。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)所有復(fù)合材料的斷裂伸長率均能達(dá)到78%以上,說明復(fù)合材料在用于應(yīng)變傳感時(shí)能承受較大應(yīng)變。通過橡膠加工分析儀(RPA)和電鏡對(duì)硅橡膠基體中填料的網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行了表征,說明了復(fù)合材料導(dǎo)電性能隨填料體積分?jǐn)?shù)和不同填料體積配比變化的原因。我們發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著填料體積分?jǐn)?shù)及VCNTA/VCB的增加,復(fù)合材料的電阻-應(yīng)變靈敏度降低；隨著填料體積分?jǐn)?shù)的增加,復(fù)合材料應(yīng)變傳感行為的重復(fù)性及疲勞周期下的電性能穩(wěn)定性提高。無論是硅橡膠基體中填充顆粒狀還是纖維狀的填料,填料含量在逾滲值附近,復(fù)合材料的電阻-應(yīng)變靈敏‘度都是最高的,而復(fù)合材料應(yīng)變傳感行為的重復(fù)性及疲勞周期下的電性能穩(wěn)定性是最差的；填料含量遠(yuǎn)超逾滲值,情況則恰恰相反。由于碳納米管的長徑比較大,相同填料含量下CNTA/PMVS復(fù)合材料比CB/PMVS復(fù)合材料的電性能好,但是CNTA/PMVS復(fù)合材料疲勞周期下的電性能穩(wěn)定性是最差的。所以依賴單一的碳納米管或者炭黑網(wǎng)絡(luò)很難同時(shí)獲得高的靈敏度、重復(fù)性和電性能穩(wěn)定性。填料體積分?jǐn)?shù)為3vo1.%的CNTA/CB/PMVS復(fù)合材料同時(shí)表現(xiàn)出高靈敏度(60%的應(yīng)變下應(yīng)變系數(shù)GF為10),高重復(fù)性(max R/R0的相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差為3.58%),高的疲勞周期下的電性能穩(wěn)定性(R/R0值的范圍為1.62到1.82),這是由于碳納米管和炭黑的雙導(dǎo)電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的協(xié)同效應(yīng)。由于復(fù)合材料中碳納米管和炭黑的體積分?jǐn)?shù)剛剛超過其逾滲閾值,硅橡膠基體中炭黑、碳納米管分別形成導(dǎo)電網(wǎng)絡(luò)以構(gòu)成雙導(dǎo)電網(wǎng)絡(luò)。即使應(yīng)變下發(fā)生導(dǎo)電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的破壞-重建,導(dǎo)電網(wǎng)絡(luò)仍可以形成,從而復(fù)合材料表現(xiàn)出高重復(fù)性和電性能穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:Conductive polymer composites for strain sensors have been extensively studied. Wide range strain sensitivity and high reproducibility are required in different applications. We prepared conductive composites by filling carbon nanotubes (CNTAs) and carbon black (CBB) in methyl vinyl silicone rubber (PMVSs), and systematically studied the conductive filler networks. The relationship between strain sensing behavior of composite materials and electrical property stability under fatigue cycle. The effects of filler content and volume ratio on filler conductive network, strain sensing behavior and electrical property stability of composites were studied. We also try to fabricate a kind of conductive composite with high sensitivity, repeatability and fatigue cycle. We selected three key fillers as reference: at the beginning of percolation at the beginning of percolation, at the end of percolation at 3vo1.% and well above the percolation zone by 6vo1.%. The volume ratio of carbon black to carbon nanotubes was also changed. The conductivity and mechanical properties of the resulting conductive composites were studied by VCNTA / VCB0: 10: 4: 6: 10: 0. We found that the elongation at break of all the composites could reach more than 78%. The results show that the composite can withstand large strain when it is used for strain sensing. The network of filler in silicone rubber matrix is characterized by rubber processing analyzer (RPA) and electron microscope. It is found that the electrical conductivity of the composites varies with the volume fraction of the filler and the volume ratio of the different fillers. We find that the resistance strain sensitivity of the composites decreases with the increase of the volume fraction of the filler and the increase of VCNTA/VCB. With the increase of the volume fraction of filler, the repeatability of strain sensing behavior and the electrical property stability under fatigue cycle of composites are improved. Whether the filler is filled with granular or fibrous filler in silicone rubber matrix, the filler content is near the percolation value. The resistance-strain sensitivity of composites is the highest, while the repeatability of strain sensing behavior and the stability of electrical properties under fatigue cycle are the worst, and the filler content far exceeds the percolation value. The opposite is true. Because of the large length and diameter of carbon nanotubes, CNTA/PMVS composites with the same filler content have better electrical properties than CB/PMVS composites. But the electrical stability of CNTA/PMVS composites during fatigue cycles is the worst, so it is difficult to obtain high sensitivity simultaneously by relying on a single carbon nanotube or carbon black network. Reproducibility and electrical property stability. The CNTA/CB/PMVS composites with 3 vo1% filler volume fraction also showed high sensitivity of 60% strain strain coefficient GF was 10%, the relative standard deviation of high repeatability max R/R0 was 3.58%, and the electrical property under high fatigue cycle. The range of R / R 0 is from 1.62 to 1.82, which is due to the synergistic effect of carbon nanotubes and carbon black double conductive networks, since the volume fraction of carbon nanotubes and carbon black in composite materials has just exceeded its percolation threshold. Carbon black and carbon nanotubes in silicone rubber matrix form conductive networks to form double conductive networks. Thus the composite exhibits high reproducibility and electrical stability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TQ333.93;TB332

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 廖波;;炭黑/硅橡膠導(dǎo)電敏感復(fù)合材料可重復(fù)性試驗(yàn)研究[J];傳感技術(shù)學(xué)報(bào);2014年09期

2 陳東紅;虞鑫海;徐永芬;;導(dǎo)電高分子材料的研究進(jìn)展[J];化學(xué)與黏合;2012年06期

3 張凱;吳菊英;黃渝鴻;梅軍;;碳黑/硅橡膠復(fù)合材料壓阻性能穩(wěn)定性改進(jìn)研究[J];絕緣材料;2012年05期

4 王丹;彭蜀晉;王拂陽;汪義亮;;導(dǎo)電高分子材料及其應(yīng)用[J];化學(xué)教學(xué);2012年05期

5 王憲棟;趙爾波;;導(dǎo)電高分子材料在隱身技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用[J];紅外;2011年11期

6 黃勇;陳善勇;劉俊紅;;導(dǎo)電復(fù)合橡膠用導(dǎo)電填料的應(yīng)用研究進(jìn)展[J];云南化工;2009年05期

7 黃勇;陳善勇;劉俊紅;;導(dǎo)電復(fù)合橡膠研究進(jìn)展[J];貴州化工;2009年04期

8 孫業(yè)斌;張新民;;填充型導(dǎo)電高分子材料的研究進(jìn)展[J];特種橡膠制品;2009年03期

9 耿新玲;蘇正濤;錢黃海;劉君;王景鶴;;鍍銀鎳粉填充型導(dǎo)電硅橡膠的性能研究[J];橡膠工業(yè);2006年07期

10 耿新玲;劉君;任玉柱;蘇正濤;王景鶴;;導(dǎo)電硅橡膠研究進(jìn)展[J];航空材料學(xué)報(bào);2006年03期

，

本文編號(hào)：1648295