本文選題：天然高分子　切入點：納米銀　出處：《武漢理工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：天然高分子材料廣泛存在于自然界中,具有良好的生物相容性、生物降解性以及無毒副作用等性能特點和優(yōu)點,在生物醫(yī)用領域具有十分廣泛的應用。然而,有些天然高分子材料也存在著一些性能不足之處,例如天然高分子明膠材料在力學性能和抗菌性能方面存在不足。近年來,納米材料的研究和應用受到了人們的廣泛關注。其中,納米銀因為具有良好的抗菌性能,能夠抑制細菌的生長,因此在生物醫(yī)藥領域得到了廣泛的應用,例如納米銀抗菌材料應用于不同的生物植入器件和醫(yī)用織物方面。本工作將殼聚糖、明膠、羧甲基纖維素鈉等天然高分子與納米銀進行復合制備了天然高分子/納米銀生物復合材料,并對這些復合材料的性能進行了分析。首先,基于電刺激響應性殼聚糖的可控電沉積技術,進行殼聚糖、明膠與納米銀生物材料的電沉積研究,在電極表面得到外觀平整的復合膜;納米銀的引入可以賦予材料抗菌性能和導電性能,有利于其在生物醫(yī)用領域的進一步應用。本工作為構建納米銀/殼聚糖/明膠生物復合膜提供了一種新的方法,實現(xiàn)了在不同電極或基材上電沉積生物復合膜。該方法可以利用不同形狀的電極以及電沉積技術的空間選擇性制備具有不同形狀的納米銀/殼聚糖/明膠生物復合膜。其次,同時采用納米銀和生物酶對明膠材料進行修飾來制備納米銀/明膠生物復合材料。采用微生物轉谷氨酰胺酶修飾明膠材料,可以將明膠進行交聯(lián)修飾改善材料的力學性能;采用納米銀修飾明膠材料,可以改善材料的抗菌性能。采用流變儀對微生物轉谷氨酰胺酶催化納米銀/明膠體系形成凝膠過程進行分析�？咕鷮嶒灲Y果證明,與純明膠材料相比,微生物轉谷氨酰胺酶修飾的納米銀/明膠生物復合材料顯示出了良好的抗菌性能,這種微生物轉谷氨酰胺酶修飾的納米銀/明膠生物復合材料將在生物醫(yī)用材料例如人工皮膚材料傷口愈合劑等方面具有良好的應用前景。最后,本工作利用陽離子聚電解質殼聚糖與陰離子聚電解質羧甲基纖維素鈉的組裝,并結合氣-液微流道技術制備羧甲基纖維素鈉/殼聚糖的多層微膠囊。研究結果表明我們所制備的羧甲基纖維素鈉/殼聚糖多層微膠囊的尺寸比較均一,層與層之間的界面清晰,每一層都具有一定的空隙。我們采用這種微膠囊對不同類型的熒光物質以及不同種類納米粒子例如納米銀進行了包埋實驗,結果表明這種微膠囊能夠在不同層組裝不同類型的物質。因此,這種微膠囊將在控制釋放、載體材料、藥物輸送等方面具有潛在的應用價值。本工作利用電沉積技術、生物酶修飾技術、氣-液微流道技術等方法制備了納米銀/殼聚糖/明膠生物復合膜、納米銀/明膠生物復合材料以及羧甲基纖維素鈉/殼聚糖多層微膠囊,所制備的天然高分子/納米銀生物復合材料在植入器件、傷口愈合材料、控制釋放材料等生物醫(yī)藥領域將具有良好的應用前景。同時,該工作將為天然高分子與納米粒子復合材料的研究提供重要的理論和實踐依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Natural polymer material widely exists in nature, has good biocompatibility, biodegradability and toxicity. The performance characteristics and advantages, is widely used in the biomedical field. However, some natural polymer material also has some performance deficiencies, such as natural polymer materials in mechanical and antibacterial properties of gelatin performance problems. In recent years, the research and application of nano materials has attracted widespread attention. Among them, because the silver nanoparticles exhibit good antibacterial properties, can inhibit the growth of bacteria, so it has been widely used in biomedical fields, such as nano silver antibacterial material used in bio implantable devices and medical fabrics different. In this work, chitosan, gelatin, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, natural polymer and nano silver compound preparation of natural polymer / nano Nano silver biological composite material, and the properties of these composites are analyzed. Firstly, electroresponse controllable electrodeposition technique based on chitosan, chitosan, gelatin and electrodeposition of nano silver biological materials, composite film on the electrode surface are smooth; the introduction of nano silver can be given antibacterial properties and conductivity, beneficial to its further application in the biomedical field. The work for the construction of silver nanoparticle / chitosan / gelatin composite membrane provides a new method to achieve at different electrode or substrate electrodeposited on the biological membrane. This method can be used for space selective electrodes of different shapes and the electrodeposition technology with different shapes of nano silver / chitosan / gelatin composite biological membrane. Secondly, the silver nanoparticles and enzymatic modification of gelatin material to prepare nano Mi Yin / bio composite gelatin. By microbial transglutaminase modified gelatin material, can improve the mechanical properties of gelatin materials modified by cross-linking; silver nanoparticles modified gelatin material, can improve the performance of antibacterial materials. By using analysis of microbial transglutaminase catalyzed by nano silver / gelatin gel formation process. Experimental results show that the antibacterial, compared with the pure gelatin material, nano silver / microbial transglutaminase modified gelatin composites showed good antibacterial properties, the microbial transglutaminase modification of nano silver / gelatin composite biomaterials in biomedical materials such as artificial skin material wound healing agent has good application prospect. Finally, the assembly of polyelectrolyte chitosan and anionic polyelectrolyte sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, Combined with gas - liquid micro channel technology for preparation of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose / chitosan multilayer microcapsules. The results showed that the prepared sodium carboxymethyl cellulose / chitosan multilayer microcapsules of uniform size, between the layers and clear interface, each layer has a certain gap with us. The micro capsule on the fluorescent substances of different types and different types of nanoparticles such as silver nanoparticles were embedded in experiments, the results show that the microcapsules in different layers of different types of material assembly. Therefore, this kind of microcapsules in a controlled release carrier material, has the potential application value in drug delivery and so on. The electro deposition technology, biological enzyme modification technology, gas - liquid micro channel technology and method for preparation of silver nanoparticles / chitosan / gelatin composite membrane bio, nano silver / gelatin composite biomaterials and carboxymethyl cellulose The sodium / chitosan multilayer microcapsules prepared by natural polymer / nano silver composite materials in bio implantable devices, wound healing materials, has a good application prospect controlled release materials and other biomedical fields. At the same time, the work will be studied for natural polymer and nanoparticles composite materials provide important theoretical and practical basis.

【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.2

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