本文選題：原位自生　切入點(diǎn)：鐵基復(fù)合材料　出處：《河南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文以鈦鐵、釩鐵、碳粉和20鋼為原料,采用原位反應(yīng)鑄造法制備出碳化物顆粒增強(qiáng)鐵基復(fù)合材料。通過金相顯微鏡、掃描電子顯微鏡、透射電子顯微鏡、X射線衍射儀以及洛氏硬度計(jì)和沖擊試驗(yàn)機(jī)研究了變質(zhì)處理和熱處理工藝對(duì)自生復(fù)合材料組織和性能的影響。采用MM-200型摩擦磨損試驗(yàn)機(jī)研究了干磨損條件下鐵基自生復(fù)合材料的滑動(dòng)磨損特性。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,采用原位反應(yīng)鑄造法制備了自生碳化物體積分?jǐn)?shù)為18%的變質(zhì)和未變質(zhì)兩種復(fù)合材料。自生復(fù)合材料的鑄態(tài)組織為珠光體+碳化物+少量菊花狀石墨+少量鐵素體。經(jīng)RE變質(zhì)處理后自生復(fù)合材料鑄態(tài)基體組織由片狀珠光體和粒狀珠光體轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粤钪楣怏w為主。稀土變質(zhì)處理改變了自生碳化物的生長(zhǎng)方式,使自生碳化物由棒狀變?yōu)轭w粒狀。碳化物的類型均為VC+TiVC2。變質(zhì)自生復(fù)合材料試樣硬度為37.10 HRC沖擊韌性為2.7 J/cm2。比未變質(zhì)自生復(fù)合材料分別提高了4.27%和35%。自生復(fù)合材料在不同淬火溫度下的組織均為馬氏體+碳化物+少量殘余奧氏體。變質(zhì)處理能改善自生復(fù)合材料基體組織,使自生復(fù)合材料組織由變質(zhì)前的針狀馬氏體變?yōu)獒槧铖R氏體和板條馬氏體的混合組織,馬氏體中析出的二次碳化物顆粒比變質(zhì)前更加細(xì)小規(guī)則且含量增多。變質(zhì)和未變質(zhì)自生復(fù)合材料的硬度均隨淬火溫度升高而降低,而沖擊韌性則隨淬火溫度升高呈現(xiàn)出了先升高后降低的趨勢(shì),在920°C淬火處理后自生復(fù)合材料的沖擊韌性達(dá)到最大值。變質(zhì)處理對(duì)不同溫度淬火后自生復(fù)合材料的硬度影響不大,但能顯著提高自生復(fù)合材料的沖擊韌性,使自生復(fù)合材料的沖擊韌性由變質(zhì)前的9.0J/cm2提高到11.2 J/cm2。920°C淬火處理后變質(zhì)自生復(fù)合材料的斷裂類型為準(zhǔn)解理斷裂,鑄態(tài)的斷裂類型為沿晶斷裂。在干滑動(dòng)磨損條件下自生復(fù)合材料的磨損失重量和磨損率均隨磨損載荷的增加而增大,經(jīng)RE變質(zhì)處理可提高其耐磨性。自生復(fù)合材料在不同載荷下的磨損規(guī)律不同,當(dāng)載荷小于600N時(shí)磨損失重量緩慢增加;當(dāng)載荷大于600N時(shí)磨損失重量迅速增加。不同載荷下的磨損機(jī)理不同,低載荷下自生復(fù)合材料的磨損機(jī)理主要為磨粒磨損,高載荷下自生復(fù)合材料的磨損機(jī)理以氧化磨損+磨粒磨損為主。
[Abstract]:In this paper, titanium iron, vanadium iron, carbon steel and 20 as raw materials, preparation of carbide particle reinforced iron matrix composite casting method by in situ reaction. Through metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X ray diffractometer and Rockwell hardness tester and impact tester on the effect of modification and heat treatment on spontaneous microstructure and properties of the composites. The MM-200 were studied under dry friction sliding wear characteristics of iron-based in-situ composite material friction wear testing machine. The test results show that in-situ carbide volume fraction of 18% and two kinds of metamorphic unmodified composites were prepared by in-situ reaction casting. In situ cast microstructure of composite materials for a small amount of pearlite + carbide + graphite + a small amount of ferrite. After RE modification in situ composites as cast microstructure by lamellar pearlite and granular pearlite The change in granular pearlite. Rare earth modification changes the growth pattern of authigenic carbonate, the in-situ carbide rods by granular. The carbides are VC+TiVC2. in-situ composite hardness for metamorphic impact toughness of 37.10 HRC 2.7 J/cm2. ratio unchanged quality composites were increased by 4.27% and 35%. in-situ composite tissue at different quenching temperatures are martensite and carbides and residual austenite. The modification can improve the microstructure of composites, the composites by acicular martensite before modification into mixed microstructure of acicular martensite and lath martensite, increasing two times of precipitated carbide particles in martensite than metamorphic the more fine rules and the content of modification and no modification. In situ composite hardness with quenching temperature increasing, but the impact toughness Increased showing increased first and then decreased with the quenching temperature at 920 DEG C after quenching in situ impact toughness of composites reached the maximum. Modification on different quenching temperature has little influence in situ composite hardness, but can significantly improve the self impact toughness of composite materials, the impact toughness of the composite in situ increased from 9.0J/cm2 to 11.2 J/cm2.920 before the metamorphic degree C quenching metamorphic fracture type composite material for in-situ quasi cleavage fracture, fracture type cast as intergranular fracture. Under the condition of dry sliding wear of composite material self weight loss and wear rate increases with the increase of the wear load by RE. Modification can improve the wear resistance of the composites. Under different load wear different rules, when the load is less than 600N when the loss of weight increases slowly; when the load exceed 600N losses The weight increases rapidly. The wear mechanism under different loads is different. The wear mechanism of in-situ composites under low load is mainly abrasive wear. The wear mechanism of in-situ composites under high load is mainly oxidation wear and abrasive wear.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB333

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