本文選題：層狀材料　切入點：水滑石　出處：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水滑石類化合物(LDHs)屬于陰離子型層狀材料,具有可調(diào)控金屬陽離子二維層板,需要電荷補償?shù)膶娱g區(qū)域,以及可交換的陰離子客體,綠色,低成本,可以作為高效的PVC熱穩(wěn)定劑新品種。本課題考察了合成原料、合成方式、合成溫度、原料液配比、晶化處理條件等對合成碳酸根型鎂鋁水滑石結(jié)構(gòu)和組成的影響。首先采用普通共沉淀-水熱法,根據(jù)不同鎂源和鋁源、不同鎂鋁摩爾比、不同水熱溫度,制備出碳酸根型水滑石前驅(qū)體,并對合成產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行測試和分析,考察不同實驗條件對產(chǎn)物的作用和影響。根據(jù)實驗結(jié)果確定出合適的鎂源和鋁源、鎂鋁摩爾比和水熱溫度。再利用新型過程強化設(shè)備一定-轉(zhuǎn)子反應(yīng)器,制備純度高、分散性好、形貌規(guī)則的鎂鋁碳酸根型水滑石前體。對比研究兩種方法制備的MgAl-CO3-LDHs材料性能的優(yōu)異性。普通共沉淀-水熱法試驗中采用的鎂源和鋁源分別為Mg(NO3)2·6H2O、 Al(NO3)3·9H2O,MgCl2·6H2O、NaAlO2,沉淀劑選用Na2CO3、NaOH,考察的鎂鋁摩爾比為1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0,水熱溫度為140℃、160℃、180℃和200℃。分析實驗結(jié)果,確定最佳的合成條件：鎂源和鋁源分別為Mg(NO3)2·6H2O、Al(NO3)3·9H2O,沉淀劑選用Na2CO3、NaOH,摩爾比Mg/Al=2.0,水熱溫度為1 60℃。再采用定-轉(zhuǎn)子反應(yīng)器制備MgAl-CO3-LDHs:在已得到的最佳合成條件下,研究了定-轉(zhuǎn)子反應(yīng)器的轉(zhuǎn)速、產(chǎn)物在反應(yīng)器中循環(huán)時間以及加料流量對反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物的影響。試驗中考察的定-轉(zhuǎn)子反應(yīng)器轉(zhuǎn)速為500r/min、 1000r/min、1500r/min、2000r/min和2800r/min,漿料在反應(yīng)器中的循環(huán)時間為0.5h、1.0h和1.5h,加料流量為100ml/min、200ml/min、300ml/min和400ml/min。通過實驗表征及分析發(fā)現(xiàn)此狀況下的最佳合成條件：定-轉(zhuǎn)子反應(yīng)器轉(zhuǎn)速為2800r/min,漿料在反應(yīng)器中的循環(huán)時間為1.5h,加料流量300ml/min。實驗進(jìn)一步對合成的水滑石進(jìn)行了性能測試。將實驗制備的水滑石作為熱穩(wěn)定助劑添加到PVC材料中,制備LDHs/PVC復(fù)合材料,測試其熱穩(wěn)定性。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：普通共沉淀-水熱法制備的水滑石添加到PVC材料里僅僅提高了PVC的初期著色性,并沒有延長其熱穩(wěn)定時間。采用定-轉(zhuǎn)子反應(yīng)器制備的水滑石添加到PVC材料里,不僅提高了PVC的初期著色性,還大大延長了PVC材料的熱穩(wěn)定時間。
[Abstract]:Hydrotalcite compounds (LDHs) are anionic layered materials with adjustable metal cationic two-dimensional laminates, interlaminar regions requiring charge compensation, and exchangeable anionic guest, green, low cost, It can be used as a new kind of PVC heat stabilizer. In this paper, the synthetic raw materials, synthetic methods, synthesis temperature and the ratio of raw materials to liquid were investigated. The effect of crystallization conditions on the structure and composition of synthesized magnesia-aluminum hydrotalcite was studied. Firstly, common coprecipitation-hydrothermal method was used according to different magnesium and aluminum sources, different molar ratios of magnesium and aluminum, and different hydrothermal temperatures. The carbonate-type hydrotalcite precursors were prepared, and the synthetic products were tested and analyzed. The effects and effects of different experimental conditions on the products were investigated. According to the experimental results, the suitable magnesium and aluminum sources were determined. Mg-Al molar ratio and hydrothermal temperature. A new type of process strengthening equipment, rotor reactor, is used to prepare high purity and good dispersity. The properties of MgAl-CO3-LDHs materials prepared by two methods were compared and studied. The magnesium and aluminum sources used in the common coprecipitation-hydrothermal test were Mg(NO3)2 路6H _ 2O, Al(NO3)3 路9H _ 2O, MgCl _ 2 路6H _ 2O, NaAlO _ 2, Na2CO _ 3NaOH, respectively. The molar ratio of magnesium to aluminum is 1.5U 2.5U 3.0, and the hydrothermal temperature is 140 鈩，

本文編號：1625607