本文關(guān)鍵詞： 亞麻纖維 化學(xué)鍍銅 非鈀活化 沉積速率 面積電阻率　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：植物纖維具有輕質(zhì)高強(qiáng)、綠色環(huán)保、吸濕隔熱等優(yōu)點(diǎn),近年來其復(fù)合材料質(zhì)被廣泛應(yīng)用于建材、汽車、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)等領(lǐng)域。本文采用化學(xué)鍍銅方法,在保留亞麻纖維自身優(yōu)良性能的基礎(chǔ)上使其具有一定的導(dǎo)電性能及抗菌性能,以雙向亞麻纖維布為基材,以表面電阻率及金屬沉積率作為指標(biāo),系統(tǒng)研究了亞麻纖維表面鍍銅工藝及其對亞麻纖維與亞麻纖維-環(huán)氧樹脂復(fù)合材料性能的影響,研究工作主要包括三部分內(nèi)容:(1)研究無鈀活化化學(xué)鍍銅方法,并利用Taguchi正交試驗(yàn)方法,對工藝參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化;(2)利用XPS、SEM、EDS、XRD與FTIR初步研究了亞麻纖維表面的化學(xué)鍍機(jī)理、鍍層化學(xué)成分與結(jié)構(gòu);(3)初步研究了表面鍍銅對亞麻纖維-環(huán)氧樹脂基復(fù)合材料的力、熱性能等影響。本文首先研究了溫度、p H值、Cu SO4濃度、EDTA·2Na濃度與HCHO濃度對亞麻纖維表面鍍層的影響。研究表明,鍍液的PH值對亞麻纖維表面鍍層的影響最大。通過Taguchi模型,優(yōu)化得到亞麻纖維表面最優(yōu)化學(xué)鍍銅工藝參數(shù)為:0.28mol/L Cu SO4、1.5mol/L HCHO、0.16mol/L EDTA·2Na,施鍍溫度為55°C,p H值為13,在該優(yōu)化工藝參數(shù)下,亞麻纖維表面銅沉積率為122.5μm/h,纖維表面銅鍍層厚度為0.7μm-2.1μm,面積電阻率可達(dá)到0.082Ω/cm2,亞麻纖維表面的鍍層均勻致密,并且具有金屬光澤�；罨昂笈c鍍銅后亞麻纖維的FTIR檢測結(jié)果表明,活化過程未改變亞麻纖維的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu),屬于物理吸附過程;對經(jīng)活化后施鍍得到的銅鍍層進(jìn)行XPS和EDS檢測結(jié)果顯示,亞麻纖維表面鍍層化學(xué)組成為銅單質(zhì);XRD分析結(jié)果顯示鍍層中的單質(zhì)銅為面心立方晶體結(jié)構(gòu)。最后研究了亞麻纖維表面鍍銅對亞麻纖維增強(qiáng)環(huán)氧樹脂基復(fù)合材料力學(xué)性能、熱性能及其抗菌性能的影響,結(jié)果表明,由于銅鍍層的存在,纖維表面粗糙度增加,與樹脂間的機(jī)械咬合力增加,所以拉伸強(qiáng)度提高4.23%;在化學(xué)鍍過程中,纖維經(jīng)過酸堿處理,結(jié)構(gòu)受到一定破壞,纖維表面缺陷增加,導(dǎo)致模量降低6.78%;銅是金屬,在受到拉伸時(shí),沿拉伸方向延伸,拉伸試驗(yàn)時(shí),在纖維和樹脂間存在的銅層發(fā)生一定程度的滑移,故斷裂伸長率提高31.78%;鍍銅后的亞麻纖維表面粗糙,與樹脂間結(jié)合力增強(qiáng),內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊密,鏈段運(yùn)動所需耗能較高,其復(fù)合材料較未處理的亞麻纖維復(fù)合材料玻璃化溫度、儲能模量、損耗因子均有所提高;銅作為天然無機(jī)抗菌劑的一種,具有良好的抗菌性能,銅離子通過干擾細(xì)菌的復(fù)制繁殖過程抑制細(xì)菌的增長,從而達(dá)到抗菌的目的。表面鍍銅后亞麻纖維復(fù)合材料由于大量銅的存在,阻止了細(xì)菌在纖維表面的增長,抗菌性能優(yōu)良。將化學(xué)鍍銅工藝創(chuàng)新性的應(yīng)用到亞麻纖維上,所得到的銅鍍層均勻致密,導(dǎo)電性能良好,與環(huán)氧樹脂相結(jié)合,得到的復(fù)合材料板材界面性能得到提高,從而力學(xué)性能及熱性能均有所提高。經(jīng)過化學(xué)鍍銅改性處理,亞麻纖維被賦予了良好的導(dǎo)電性及抗菌性,為今后功能性應(yīng)用做好鋪墊。
[Abstract]:The plant fiber is lightweight, green environmental protection, moisture absorption and heat insulation and other advantages, in recent years, the composite materials are widely used in automobile, Yu Jiancai, infrastructure construction and other fields. This paper uses the electroless copper plating methods, while retaining its excellent properties of flax fibers which have high conductivity and antibacterial properties, with two-way flax fiber cloth as the substrate, as the index to the surface resistivity and metal deposition rate, studied flax fiber surface copper plating process and its effect on properties of flax fiber and flax fiber epoxy resin composite material, the research work mainly includes three parts: (1) study on palladium free activation electroless plating method, and using orthogonal test method Taguchi. To optimize the process parameters; (2) using XPS, SEM, EDS, XRD and FTIR on the chemical plating mechanism of flax fiber surface coating, chemical composition and structure; (3) early Step on the surface of copper plating on flax fiber epoxy resin composites, thermal properties and so on. This paper studies the P temperature, H value, Cu concentration of SO4, effects of EDTA and 2Na concentration and HCHO concentration on the surface coating of flax fiber. The study shows that the effect of bath pH on flax fiber surface the maximum. Coating by Taguchi model, the optimized optimal flax surface electroless plating process parameters: 0.28mol/L Cu SO4,1.5mol/L HCHO, 0.16mol/L EDTA, 2Na, plating temperature is 55 DEG C, P H 13, in the optimized process parameters, the flax fiber surface of the copper deposition rate is 122.5 m/h, the thickness of fiber the surface copper coating is 0.7 mu m-2.1 mu m, the area of resistivity can reach 0.082 /cm2, flax fiber surface coating is uniform and compact, and has a metallic luster. That flax fiber FTIR results before and after activation and copper after activation process did not change the sub The chemical structure of hemp fiber, which belongs to the physical adsorption process; after the activation of copper plating was obtained by the XPS and EDS results showed that the chemical composition of flax fiber surface layer of pure copper; XRD analysis results show that the copper coating in the face centered cubic crystal structure. The study of flax fiber surface plating flax fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composite material mechanics performance, thermal performance and impact, the antibacterial performance results show that the copper coating, fiber surface roughness increased, between resin and mechanical bite force increase, so the tensile strength increased by 4.23%; in the electroless plating process, fiber after acid treatment, subject to certain structural damage, increase the fiber surface defects, resulting in reduced modulus 6.78%; copper metal, under tension, extending along the stretching direction, tensile test, the copper layer exists between a fiber and resin The slip degree, the elongation increased 31.78%; copper after flax fiber surface roughness, reinforced with resin binding force, the internal structure more closely, the motion of chain segments required for high energy consumption, flax fiber composite materials of glass transition temperature of the composites is not processed, storage modulus, loss factor were improved; as a kind of natural copper inorganic antibacterial agent, has good antibacterial property, copper ions inhibit the growth of bacteria breeding by interfering with bacterial replication, so as to achieve the purpose of surface copper antibacterial. Flax fiber composite materials due to the large number of copper, prevent bacterial growth on the surface of the fiber, excellent antibacterial properties. The chemical plating process innovation applied to flax fiber, copper coating was uniform and compact, good conductivity, combined with epoxy resin, the performance of the plates to the interface of composite material The mechanical properties and thermal properties of the flax fiber have been improved. After being modified by chemical copper plating, flax fiber is endowed with good electrical conductivity and antibacterial property, laying a good foundation for functional application in the future.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TB306
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本文編號：1532704