本文關鍵詞： 聲學阻尼 丁腈橡膠 受阻酚AO-80 有機雜化 氫鍵網(wǎng)絡結構　出處：《北京化工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：橡膠因其獨特的粘彈性而廣泛用于阻尼減振和降噪吸聲領域,近些年,用于水下吸聲的聲學阻尼橡膠材料受到國內(nèi)外水聲材料專家的廣泛關注。本論文制備了丁腈橡膠(NBR)復合材料,研究了丙烯腈含量、增塑劑種類及用量及無機填料填充對復合材料的物理機械性能、動態(tài)機械性能、熱性能和聲學阻尼性能的影響,探究了有機雜化(氫鍵作用)和梯度層合技術對不同基體復合材料的聲學阻尼性能的影響,并進行了工藝的放大試驗,獲得如下有意義的結果：(1)在103Hz～104Hz的頻率范圍內(nèi),NBR復合材料的儲能模量(E’)值在1×108～7×108Pa之間、損耗因子(tanδ)在0.5～0.9之間,表現(xiàn)出較優(yōu)異的聲學阻尼性能;選擇低丙烯腈含量的NBR基體以及添加增塑劑可使NBR復合材料獲得較低的玻璃化轉變溫度(Tg)和E’值：其中NBR中丙烯腈含量為18%、以DOP為增塑劑且用量為15份時,復合材料聲學阻尼性能最佳。(2)滑石粉的填充可有效提高NBR、天然橡膠(NR)、丁苯橡膠(SBR)以及雜化材料在3-8kHz頻段中的平均吸聲系數(shù)以及相對較高頻段的吸聲系數(shù),其原因在于填充導致的材料密度的增加影響了材料與水的聲阻抗匹配；中空玻璃微珠(HGMs)作為多孔填料,可有效改善NBR復合材料的力學性能以及聲頻高于4.3kHz時的聲學阻尼性能。(3)氫鍵網(wǎng)絡結構賦予高丙烯腈含量(41%)的受阻酚(AO-80)/NBR雜化材料更優(yōu)異的力學性能和阻尼性能,且AO-80用量為10份時體系中形成的微弱氫鍵網(wǎng)絡結構能有效改善雜化材料的聲學阻尼性能;但氫鍵網(wǎng)絡結構對于低丙烯腈含量(18%)的AO-80/NBR雜化材料而言,只能提高其拉伸強度以及在4.5kHz以上的吸聲系數(shù)；增大AO-80用量時,AO-80/混煉型聚氨酯(MPU)雜化材料的密度、硬度、拉伸強度、撕裂強度逐漸降低,Tg逐漸升高,并引起阻尼性能的驟變;其中AO-80用量為10份時,材料損耗峰峰值高達0.87,但該用量的AO-80并未給雜化材料聲學阻尼性能帶來積極影響。(4)以MPU作為聲波的入射端、NBR作為反射端層合硫化得到的梯度層合材料具備較優(yōu)異的聲學阻尼性能；該梯度層合方法可有效改善不同丙烯腈含量NBR的聲學阻尼性能。(5)探索并確定了NBR聲學阻尼橡膠材料及抑振用受阻酚AO-80/NBR復合材料的中試放大制備工藝,每批次可加工混煉膠50公斤以上,其硫化膠及制品性能與初試產(chǎn)品性能一致。
[Abstract]:Because of its unique viscoelasticity, rubber is widely used in the field of damping, vibration and noise absorption. In recent years, Acoustic damping rubber materials used for underwater acoustic absorption have attracted wide attention of underwater acoustic materials experts at home and abroad. In this paper, nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites were prepared and the content of acrylonitrile was studied. The effects of plasticizer type and amount and inorganic filler filling on the physical and mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, thermal properties and acoustic damping properties of the composites, The effects of organic hybrid (hydrogen bond interaction) and gradient lamination on the acoustic damping properties of different matrix composites were investigated. The results are as follows: (1) the energy storage modulus of NBR composites is in the range of 1 脳 10 8 ~ 7 脳 10 ~ 8 Pa and the loss factor tan 未 is 0. 5 ~ 0. 9 in the frequency range of 103 Hz / 104Hz, showing excellent acoustical damping properties. Choosing NBR matrix with low acrylonitrile content and adding plasticizer can get lower glass transition temperature (TG) and E 'value of NBR composite. The content of acrylonitrile in NBR is 18wt%, and when DOP is used as plasticizer and dosage is 15 phr, the content of acrylonitrile in NBR is 18phr. The filling of talc powder can effectively improve the average sound absorption coefficient of NBR, NRX, SBR) and hybrid materials in 3-8 kHz frequency range, and the sound absorption coefficient in relatively high frequency range. The reason is that the increase in the density of the material caused by the filling affects the acoustic impedance matching between the material and the water, and the hollow glass bead HGMs is used as the porous filler. The mechanical properties of NBR composites and the acoustic damping properties of AO-80 / NBR hybrid materials with high acrylonitrile content are improved effectively. The hydrogen bond network structure gives the hindered phenol-80 / NBR hybrid materials with high acrylonitrile content more excellent mechanical properties and damping properties. The weak hydrogen bond network structure formed in 10 phr AO-80 system can effectively improve the acoustic damping property of hybrid materials, but the hydrogen bond network structure can be used for AO-80/NBR hybrid materials with low acrylonitrile content of 18 phr. The tensile strength and sound absorption coefficient above 4.5kHz can only be increased, and the density, hardness, tensile strength and tear strength of AO-80 / mixed pu / MPU) hybrid material are increased when the amount of AO-80 is increased, and the damping property of the hybrid material increases gradually. When the dosage of AO-80 is 10 phr, The peak value of material loss is as high as 0.87, but the amount of AO-80 does not have a positive effect on the acoustic damping properties of hybrid materials. The acoustical damping property of; The gradient lamination method can effectively improve the acrylonitrile content of NBR acoustic damping performance. 5) explore and determine the NBR acoustic damping rubber materials and vibration suppression of hindered phenol AO-80/NBR composites pilot-scale preparation process. The properties of vulcanizate and its products are the same as those of the first test product.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB33

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