本文關(guān)鍵詞： Ag-Ti O2納米粒子 兩親性嵌段共聚物 自組裝 溶膠凝膠法 光催化　出處：《山東理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：二氧化鈦(Ti O2)納米材料具有無(wú)毒、價(jià)格低廉、易合成等特點(diǎn)而被廣泛應(yīng)用于太陽(yáng)能電池、催化劑載體等方面,特別是在光催化方面得到重要應(yīng)用。國(guó)內(nèi)外研究人員進(jìn)行了大量的摻雜實(shí)驗(yàn),其中貴金屬納米粒子摻雜可以增大納米粒子的表面積,能夠有效的改善Ti O2納米材料的催化性能。本文研究了利用嵌段共聚物自組裝技術(shù),合成具有核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的銀納米粒子(Ag NPs)和具有中空結(jié)構(gòu)的銀金納米粒子(Ag Au NPs)的制備方法。結(jié)合溶膠凝膠法,制備了具有高催化性能的銀-二氧化鈦(Ag-Ti O2)納米粒子及銀金-二氧化鈦(Ag Au-Ti O2)納米粒子。首先,分別利用嵌段共聚物聚苯乙烯-b-聚乙烯基吡啶(PS-b-P2VP)與硝酸銀(Ag NO3)在四氫呋喃中發(fā)生自組裝。及聚乙烯基吡啶-b-聚氧化乙烯(P2VP-b-PEO)與硝酸銀(Ag NO3)在四氫呋喃/N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶劑中發(fā)生自組裝。實(shí)驗(yàn)選擇利用紫外燈照射還原的方法制備出Ag NPs,在紫外光照射條件下銀離子發(fā)生還原反應(yīng)生成Ag NPs,且形態(tài)為核殼結(jié)構(gòu)。反應(yīng)過(guò)程無(wú)需高溫。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,嵌段共聚物和Ag NO3的質(zhì)量比,是Ag NPs的尺寸發(fā)生改變的主要影響因素。其次,利用嵌段共聚物自組裝,結(jié)合溶膠凝膠法制備Ag-Ti O2納米粒子,通過(guò)控制溶膠凝膠的滴加量,調(diào)控Ag-Ti O2納米粒子的尺寸及外殼厚度。對(duì)制備的Ag-Ti O2復(fù)合納米粒子進(jìn)行了催化性能的研究實(shí)驗(yàn)。通過(guò)在紫外燈照射下利用制備的樣品降解亞甲基藍(lán)溶液實(shí)驗(yàn),研究了Ag-Ti O2納米粒子的光催化效率。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,每組實(shí)驗(yàn)中當(dāng)加入溶膠凝膠含量為5%SG時(shí),Ag-Ti O2納米粒子的光催化效果最好。在完成Ag-Ti O2納米粒子制備方法研究的基礎(chǔ)上,研究了雙金屬納米粒子的制備方法。以制備的具有核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的銀納米粒子作為犧牲模板,因?yàn)锳g+/Ag的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)還原電勢(shì)(0.80Vvs)低于Au Cl4-/Au的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)還原電勢(shì)(0.99Vvs標(biāo)準(zhǔn)氫電極),可以利用金銀間簡(jiǎn)單的電子置換反應(yīng)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中當(dāng)HAu Cl4溶液與制備好的Ag NPs的溶液混合時(shí),Au Cl4-發(fā)生氧化反應(yīng),部分Ag原子會(huì)發(fā)生還原反應(yīng)生成銀離子。最終成功制備出Ag Au雙金屬?gòu)?fù)合復(fù)合納米粒子。通過(guò)改變金和銀(Au:Ag)的比例,可以改變合金粒子的組分及結(jié)構(gòu),當(dāng)Au:Ag為0.2時(shí),制備出具有中空結(jié)構(gòu)的Ag Au雙金屬納米粒子。結(jié)合溶膠凝膠法,成功制備出Ag Au-Ti O2復(fù)合納米粒子。Ag-Ti O2及Ag Au-Ti O2納米粒子的外貌形態(tài)可以通過(guò)透射電鏡及高分辨透射電鏡觀察。以制備的樣品為催化劑,進(jìn)行光降解濃度為5mg/L的亞甲基藍(lán)溶液,討論了不同組分的Ti O2復(fù)合納米粒子的光催化效率。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明Ag Au-Ti O2復(fù)合納米粒子比純Ti O2復(fù)合納米粒子光催化性能提高了42%。
[Abstract]:TIO _ 2 / TIO _ 2 nanomaterials are widely used in solar cells, catalyst carriers and so on for their advantages of non-toxic, low price and easy synthesis. Especially in photocatalysis, researchers at home and abroad have carried out a large number of doping experiments, in which noble metal nanoparticles doping can increase the surface area of nanoparticles. The catalytic properties of TIO _ 2 nanomaterials can be improved effectively. In this paper, the self-assembly technology of block copolymers was studied. Methods for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles with core-shell structure (Ag NPs) and silver gold nanoparticles with hollow structure (Ag au NPs). Ag-TiO _ 2) nanoparticles with high catalytic activity and Ag Au-Ti O _ 2 nanoparticles with silver gold and titanium dioxide were prepared. The block copolymers PS-b-P2VP) and silver nitrate Ag no _ 3) were used to self-assemble in tetrahydrofuran, respectively, and in tetrahydrofuran / NNN-dimethylformyl (NNN-dimethylformyl), respectively, and in tetrahydrofuran / NNN- dimethyl formacylformic acid (PNN- dimethylformyl) and polyvinylpyridine -b- polyvinyl oxide (P2VP-b-PEO) and silver nitrate silver nitride (Agno _ 3), respectively. The Ag NPs were prepared by ultraviolet lamp irradiation reduction method. Silver NPs were synthesized by silver ion reduction under UV irradiation, and the structure of Ag NPs was core-shell structure. The reaction process did not require high temperature. The results of the experiment show that. The mass ratio of block copolymers to Ag NO3 is the main factor influencing the size change of Ag NPs. Secondly, Ag-Ti O 2 nanoparticles were prepared by block copolymer self-assembly and sol-gel method. The size and shell thickness of Ag-Ti O 2 nanoparticles were regulated. The catalytic properties of the prepared Ag-Ti O 2 composite nanoparticles were studied. The degradation of methylene blue solution by the prepared samples under UV irradiation was studied. The photocatalytic efficiency of Ag-Ti O 2 nanoparticles was studied. The results showed that the photocatalytic efficiency of Ag-TiO 2 nanoparticles was the best when the sol gel content was 5 SG in each group. The preparation method of bimetallic nanoparticles was studied. Silver nanoparticles with core-shell structure were used as sacrificial templates. Because the standard reduction potential of Ag / Ag is 0.80 V / v / s) lower than that of au Cl4-/Au 0.99V vs standard hydrogen electrode, the experiment can be carried out by using the simple electron substitution reaction between gold and silver. During the experiment, the solution of HAu Cl4 and the prepared Ag NPs can be dissolved in the experiment. The oxidation reaction of au Cl 4- occurs when the liquid is mixed. Some Ag atoms will deoxidize to form silver ions. Finally, Ag au bimetallic composite nanoparticles can be successfully prepared. By changing the ratio of au and Ag au / Ag, the composition and structure of the alloy particles can be changed. When Au:Ag is 0.2, Ag-au bimetallic nanoparticles with hollow structure were prepared. The morphology of Ag Au-Ti O 2 composite nanoparticles. Ag-TiO 2 and Ag Au-Ti O 2 nanoparticles can be observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Using the prepared sample as catalyst, the methylene blue solution with a concentration of 5 mg / L was prepared. The photocatalytic efficiency of TIO _ 2 composite nanoparticles with different composition was discussed. The experimental results show that the photocatalytic performance of Ag Au-Ti _ 2 composite nanoparticles is better than that of pure TIO _ 2 composite nanoparticles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB383.1

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本文編號(hào)：1508060