本文關(guān)鍵詞： 復(fù)合材料 泡沫夾芯結(jié)構(gòu) 層間增韌 準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)壓痕 低速?zèng)_擊　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：復(fù)合材料夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)具有輕質(zhì)高強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn),廣泛應(yīng)用于航空航天,交通運(yùn)輸,體育生活多個(gè)領(lǐng)域。夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)形式多樣,可以根據(jù)使用要求設(shè)計(jì)不同種類的夾芯結(jié)構(gòu),如高強(qiáng)度,高模量結(jié)構(gòu),抗沖擊結(jié)構(gòu),防護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)等。對(duì)于復(fù)合材料夾芯結(jié)構(gòu),經(jīng)常受到外來(lái)物體沖擊或者爆炸沖擊等,因此對(duì)于擴(kuò)展復(fù)合材料夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)用范圍,對(duì)其抗沖擊性能的研究顯得尤為重要。目前復(fù)合材料夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)主要研究領(lǐng)域是結(jié)構(gòu)的Z向強(qiáng)度以及沖擊后的抗壓縮強(qiáng)度。從吸能角度來(lái)研究提高夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)抗沖擊性能研究較少,因此本文立足于提高夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)吸能能力,從而提高復(fù)合材料夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)抗沖擊性能。本文試驗(yàn)中主要通過(guò)測(cè)試真空輔助樹(shù)脂灌注(VARI)工藝制備的方格布添加與不添加表面氈層合板的力學(xué)性能,檢驗(yàn)層間添加表面氈能否實(shí)現(xiàn)層間增韌效果。同時(shí)對(duì)不同蒙皮材料,即方格布、單向布、三軸向布以及蒙皮材料間添加表面氈的夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)壓痕力(QSI)試驗(yàn)以及落錘式低速?zèng)_擊(LVI)試驗(yàn),檢驗(yàn)結(jié)構(gòu)的吸能效率,并對(duì)QSI試驗(yàn)替代LVI試驗(yàn)表征夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)抗沖擊性進(jìn)行了討論。通過(guò)對(duì)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的分析,我們可以得到以下結(jié)論:(1)方格布層間添加表面氈,實(shí)現(xiàn)了短纖維層間增韌效果,提高了結(jié)構(gòu)吸能能力。并且由于表面氈對(duì)纖維曲率的限制,降低了纖維與樹(shù)脂之間的拉壓應(yīng)力,降低了結(jié)構(gòu)破壞程度。(2)蒙皮材料的不同對(duì)夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)壓痕力(QSI)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果有很大影響:層間添加表面氈能提高夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)的吸能效率;正交鋪層試樣中,方格布鋪層具有最佳吸能效率,采用方格布與單向布混合的準(zhǔn)各向同性鋪層(其中方格布鋪設(shè)于最外層)是準(zhǔn)各向同性鋪層中吸能效率最佳的鋪層。(3)夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)蒙皮材料的不同對(duì)落錘式低速?zèng)_擊(LVI)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果有較大影響:層間增韌能避免結(jié)構(gòu)在單一層間發(fā)生劇烈破壞,提高結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷阻抗,并且相同厚度的蒙皮,采用層間增韌技術(shù)能夠提高結(jié)構(gòu)的最大接觸載荷以及吸能效率;夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)蒙皮厚度增大對(duì)沖擊最大接觸載荷沒(méi)有影響,反而會(huì)降低結(jié)構(gòu)的吸能效率;鋪層角度對(duì)不同破壞模式的試樣產(chǎn)生不同的作用,方格布以局部纖維斷裂為主,鋪層角度對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)的吸能效率影響較低,單向布失效模式以分層破壞為主,夾角越小分層面積越小,導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)吸能效率降低。方格布準(zhǔn)各向同性鋪層試樣具有最佳的吸能效率。(4)夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)LVI與QSI試驗(yàn)破壞機(jī)理不同,因此選用QSI預(yù)測(cè)夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)抗沖擊性能具有一定的局限性。
[Abstract]:The composite sandwich structure has the characteristics of light weight and high strength, and is widely used in many fields of aerospace, transportation, sports and life. The sandwich structure has various forms and can be used to design different kinds of sandwich structures, such as high strength. High modulus structures, shock resistant structures, protective structures, etc. For composite sandwich structures, they are often subjected to external impact or explosion shock, so they are used to expand the application of composite sandwich structures. It is very important to study the impact resistance of the sandwich structure. At present, the main research field of the sandwich structure is the Z-direction strength and the compressive strength after impact. There is little research on improving the impact resistance of the sandwich structure from the angle of energy absorption. Therefore, this paper is based on improving the energy absorption ability of the sandwich structure. In order to improve the impact resistance of the sandwich structure of composite materials, the mechanical properties of the square cloth made by vacuum assisted resin perfusion (VARI) process and the non-added surface felt laminates were tested in this paper. Test the effect of interlayer toughening by adding surface felt between layers. At the same time, for different skin materials, that is, square cloth, unidirectional cloth, Quasi static indentation QSI test and falling weight low speed impact LVI test were carried out to test the energy absorption efficiency of the sandwich structure with triaxial cloth and surface felt between the triaxial cloth and the skin material. The impact resistance of sandwich structure characterized by QSI test instead of LVI test is discussed. Through the analysis of test data, we can get the following conclusion: 1) adding surface felt between grid layers, and realizing the toughening effect between short fiber layers. The energy absorption ability of the structure is improved, and the tension and compression stress between the fiber and the resin is reduced because of the limitation of the curvature of the fiber on the surface felt. The results of quasi static indentation test of sandwich structure are greatly affected by the different skin materials: the addition of surface felt between layers can improve the energy absorption efficiency of sandwich structure, and in the orthogonal laminated sample, The square cloth layer has the best energy absorption efficiency, Quasi isotropic laminates with square and unidirectional fabrics (where the grid cloth is laid on the outermost layer) is the best energy absorption layer in the quasi isotropic layer. The different impact of the sandwich structure skin materials on the falling hammer low speed impact. The results of LVI) test have great influence: interlaminar toughening can avoid the severe destruction of the structure in a single layer. The maximum contact load and energy absorption efficiency of the structure can be improved by using interlaminar toughening technology with the same thickness of the skin, and the thickness of the sandwich structure has no effect on the maximum impact contact load. On the contrary, the energy absorption efficiency of the structure will be reduced, and the lamination angle will have different effects on the specimens with different failure modes. The local fiber fracture is dominant in the square grid, and the effect of the laying angle on the energy absorption efficiency of the structure is low. The failure mode of unidirectional cloth is mainly delamination failure, and the smaller the angle is, the smaller the delamination area is, the lower the energy absorption efficiency of the structure is, the better the energy absorption efficiency is. The failure mechanism of the sandwich structure LVI is different from that of the QSI test. Therefore, it is limited to choose QSI to predict the impact resistance of sandwich structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB33

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